• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.1467-1476
• /
• 2019

Grid unbalanced faults can cause core saturation of power transformer and produce lower-order harmonics. These issues increase the electrical stress of power electronic devices and can cause a tripping of an entire HVDC system. In this paper, based on the positive-sequence and negative-sequence impedance model of a VSC-HVDC system as seen from the point of common connection (PCC), the resonance problem is analyzed and the factors determining the resonant frequency are obtained. Furthermore, to suppress over-voltage and over-current during resonance, a novel method using a virtual harmonic resistor is proposed. The virtual harmonic resistor emulates the role of a resistor connected in series with the commutating inductor without influencing the active and reactive power control. Simulation results in PSCAD/EMTDC show that the proposed control strategy can suppress resonant over-voltage and over-current. In addition, it can be seen that the proposed strategy improves the safety of the VSC-HVDC system under unbalanced faults.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.318-325
• /
• 1999

Modern AC electric car has PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)-controlled converters, which give rise to higher harmonics. The current harmonics injected from AC electric car is propagated through power feeding circuit, As the feeding circuit is a distributed constant circuit composed of RLC, the capacitance of the feeding circuit and the inductance on the side of power system cause a parallel resonance and a magnification of current harmonics at a specific frequency. The magnified current harmonics usually brings about various problems. That is, the current harmonics makes interference in the adjacent lines of communications and the railway signalling system. Furthermore, in case it flows on the side of power system, not only overheating and vibration at the power capacitors but also wrong operation at the protective devices can occur. Therefore, the exact assessment of the harmonic current flow must be undertaken at design and planning stage for the electric traction systems. From these point of view, this study presents an approach to model and to analyse traction power feeding system focused on the amplification of harmonic current The proposed algorithm is applied to a standard AT(Auto-transformer)-fed test system in which electric car with PWM-controlled converters is running.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제25권10호
• /
• pp.1535-1545
• /
• 2022

Sign language has completely different meaning depending on the direction of the hand or the change of facial expression even with the same gesture. In this respect, it is crucial to capture the spatial-temporal structure information of each movement. However, sign language translation studies based on Sign2Gloss2Text only convey comprehensive spatial-temporal information about the entire sign language movement. Consequently, detailed information (facial expression, gestures, and etc.) of each movement that is important for sign language translation is not emphasized. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose Spatial-temporal Keypoints Centered Sign2Gloss2Text Translation, named STKC-Sign2 Gloss2Text, to supplement the sequential and semantic information of keypoints which are the core of recognizing and translating sign language. STKC-Sign2Gloss2Text consists of two steps, Spatial Keypoints Embedding, which extracts 121 major keypoints from each image, and Temporal Keypoints Embedding, which emphasizes sequential information using Bi-GRU for extracted keypoints of sign language. The proposed model outperformed all Bilingual Evaluation Understudy(BLEU) scores in Development(DEV) and Testing(TEST) than Sign2Gloss2Text as the baseline, and in particular, it proved the effectiveness of the proposed methodology by achieving 23.19, an improvement of 1.87 based on TEST BLEU-4.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
• /
• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 2022년도 제34회 한글 및 한국어 정보처리 학술대회
• /
• pp.613-618
• /
• 2022

효과적인 자연어 처리를 위해 제안된 Transformer 구조의 등장 이후, 이를 활용한 대규모 언어 모델이자 사전학습 모델인 BERT, GPT, OPT 등이 공개되었고, 이들을 한국어에 보다 특화한 KoBERT, KoGPT 등의 사전학습 모델이 공개되었다. 자연어 처리 모델의 확보를 위한 학습 자원이 늘어나고 있지만, 사전학습 모델을 각종 응용작업에 적용하기 위해서는 데이터 준비, 코드 작성, 파인 튜닝 및 저장과 같은 복잡한 절차를 수행해야 하며, 이는 다수의 응용 사용자에게 여전히 도전적인 과정으로, 올바른 결과를 도출하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 이러한 어려움을 완화시키고, 다양한 기계 학습 모델을 사용자 데이터에 보다 쉽게 적용할 수 있도록 AutoML으로 통칭되는 자동 하이퍼파라미터 탐색, 모델 구조 탐색 등의 기법이 고안되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국어 사전학습 모델과 한국어 텍스트 데이터를 사용한 자연어 처리 모델 산출 과정을 정형화 및 절차화하여, 궁극적으로 목표로 하는 예측 모델을 자동으로 산출하는 시스템의 설계를 소개한다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 2023

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of intermediate features on FER performance. To achieve this objective, intermediate features were extracted from the input images at specific layers (FM1~FM4) of the pre-trained network (Resnet-18). These extracted intermediate features and original images were used as inputs to the vision transformer (ViT), and the FER performance was compared. As a result, when using a single image as input, using intermediate features extracted from FM2 yielded the best performance (training accuracy: 94.35%, testing accuracy: 75.51%). When using the original image as input, the training accuracy was 91.32% and the testing accuracy was 74.68%. However, when combining the original image with intermediate features as input, the best FER performance was achieved by combining the original image with FM2, FM3, and FM4 (training accuracy: 97.88%, testing accuracy: 79.21%). These results imply that incorporating intermediate features alongside the original image can lead to superior performance. The findings can be referenced and utilized when designing the preprocessing stages of a deep learning model in FER. By considering the effectiveness of using intermediate features, practitioners can make informed decisions to enhance the performance of FER systems.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제40권2호
• /
• pp.167-177
• /
• 2024

With advancements in satellite technology, interest in target detection and identification is increasing quantitatively and qualitatively. Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) images, which can be acquired regardless of weather conditions, have been applied to various areas combined with machine learning based detection algorithms. However, conventional studies primarily focused on the detection of stationary targets. In this study, we proposed a method to identify moving targets using an algorithm that integrates sub-aperture SAR images and cosine similarity calculations. Utilizing a transformer-based deep learning target detection model, we extracted the bounding box of each target, designated the area as a region of interest (ROI), estimated the similarity between sub-aperture SAR images, and determined movement based on a predefined similarity threshold. Through the proposed algorithm, the quantitative evaluation of target identification capability enhanced its accuracy compared to when training with the targets with two different classes. It signified the effectiveness of our approach in maintaining accuracy while reliably discerning whether a target is in motion.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제24권10호
• /
• pp.952-959
• /
• 2023

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have garnered considerable interest for their potential to aid non-native English-speaking researchers. These models can function as personal, round-the-clock English tutors, akin to how Prometheus in Greek mythology bestowed fire upon humans for their advancement. LLMs can be particularly helpful for non-native researchers in writing the Introduction and Discussion sections of manuscripts, where they often encounter challenges. However, using LLMs to generate text for research manuscripts entails concerns such as hallucination, plagiarism, and privacy issues; to mitigate these risks, authors should verify the accuracy of generated content, employ text similarity detectors, and avoid inputting sensitive information into their prompts. Consequently, it may be more prudent to utilize LLMs for editing and refining text rather than generating large portions of text. Journal policies concerning the use of LLMs vary, but transparency in disclosing artificial intelligence tool usage is emphasized. This paper aims to summarize how LLMs can lower the barrier to academic writing in English, enabling researchers to concentrate on domain-specific research, provided they are used responsibly and cautiously.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.257-262
• /
• 2009

일체형 조류제어기인 UPFC는 FACTS 기기중 가장 효과적인 기기 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 전력시스템에서 UPFC의 최적위치를 결정하는 데 필요한 컴퓨터의 계산을 줄이는 방법에 대하여 기술한다. 이를 위해 UPFC 제어 변수들과 관련된 발전 비용의 민감도가 평가되었다. 모든 송전선로의 UPFC 민감도를 얻기 위해 단지 한 번의 최적조류제어만으로 해결하였다. 전력시스템에서 UPFC의 최적 위치를 알아내기 위해 여러 권선비와 가변 션트 어드미턴스로 구성된 이상변압기 모델을 사용하였다. 이 모델에서 UPFC 제어 변수들은 UPFC 입 출력의 전류와 전압에 대해서 종속되지 않는다. 민감도 방법은 그의 효율성을 파악하기 위해 IEEE 14 모선에서 파생된 5 모선시스템과 IEEE 14 모선시스템을 대상으로 실험하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2020

Population concentration in urban areas has led traffic management a central issue. To mitigate traffic congestions, the government has planned to construct large-cross-section tunnels deep underground. This study focuses on estimating the damage caused to frame structures owing to tunnel excavation. When constructing a tunnel network deep underground, it is necessary to divide the main tunnel and connect the divergence tunnel to the ground surface. Ground settlement is caused by excavation of the adjacent divergence tunnel. Therefore, predicting ground settlement using diverse variables is necessary before performing damage estimation. We used the volume loss and cover-tunnel diameter ratio as the variables in this study. Applying the ground settlement values to the settlement induction device, we measured the extent of damage to frame structures due to displacement at specific points. The vertical and horizontal displacements that occur at these points were measured using preattached LVDT (Linear variable differential transformer), and the lateral strain and angular distortion were calculated using these displacements. The lateral strain and angular distortion are key parameters for structural damage estimation. A damage assessment chart comprises the "Negligible", "Very Slight Damage", "Slight Damage", "Moderate to Severe Damage", and "Severe to Very Severe Damage" categories was developed. This table was applied to steel frame and concrete frame structures for comparison.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제29권7호
• /
• pp.373-384
• /
• 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of refrigerant heat exchanger on the performance of type II absorption heat pump performance using numerical analysis. Two heat exchange installation methods were used: solution to refrigerant and waste hot water to refrigerant. These methods were compared to the standard model of hot water flow without using refrigerant heat exchanger. When waste hot waters were bypassed to refrigerant heat exchanger, COP was not affected. However, steam mass generation rates were increased compared to those of the standard model. When solutions were bypassed to the refrigerant heat exchanger, results were different depending on the place where the solution rejoined. COP and steam mass generation rates were lower compared to those when waste heat water was passed to refrigerant heat exchanger. Thus, it is possible to obtain higher steam mass generation rates by using waste water and installing refrigerant heat exchanger.