• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.101-104
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• 2004

The application of rubber produt is a quite extensive field and has several problems in point of mass-production. The inhibitive factors at the general rubber mold are occurrence of flash, loss of raw material by curing for sprue and runner, environmental pollution by scrap junked after extraction of product and the unavailable mold structure for automation. The existence of flash at the rubber mold requires extra-process for removing or finishing it. As the reason, we can't help avoiding deterioration of quality and rising of cost. Hence we promptly need to research fur the efficient structure of mold and the preventive transforming technique of the flash without any loss of raw material in advance. This monograph is a study for Wasteless rubber mold that give us a solution for several problems happened at the general rubber mold.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 1993

수지이동 성형공정에서 수지가 섬유직조망에 함침될 때의 투과계수와 수지의 표면 장력으로 인하여 유동진전면에서 발생하는 모세관압을 실험적으로 측정하였다. 두 종류의 섬유조직망에 대해서 가공율이 증가함에 따라투과계수는 증가한다. 수지, 섬유 그리고 공기 가 서로 다른 세 개의 상을 구성함으로써 수지의 표면장력의 영향을 받는 비정상상태의 투 과계수가 수지의 섬유직조망에 포화된 정상상태에서 측정된 투과계수보다 본 실험에서 수행 된 모든 기공을 범위에서 크다는 것을 보여주었다. 수지 유동진전면에서 발생되는 모세관압 은 기공율이 감소함에 따라 증가하였고 섬유직 조망의 기공율이 0.469인 경우에는 금형입구 에서의 수지주입압력의 25%에 해당되는 모세관압이 발생되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 모 세관압을 가공조건으로 고려해다 한다는 것을 제시할수 있었다. 또한 본연구에서 사용된 임 의 배향 섬유직조망에 대해 실리콘 오일과 유리섬유 계면의 동적접촉각 측정을 통하여 섬유 배향 및 기공의 분포를 나타내는 형상인자의 값을 구함으로써 실제 RTM 공정에서 발생되 는 모세관압을 예측할 수 dLT는 기초자료를 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.155-158
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• 2004

In resin transfer molding, the preform similar to product shape is placed into a mold cavity. Rapid flow front without void formation is important for the composites processing. Multi-layered preform of sandwich is selected. Experiments is carried out using redial flow. An analytical modeling is performed and compared with experimental results. Accurate prediction of flow advance in the preform is of use for reducing the time consumption in the process and enhancing product properties of the final part.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.189-192
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• 2002

The autoclave process is frequently utilized in the manufacturing of aircraft parts because of the low void content and high fiber volume fraction. However, due to the slow curing process (5∼8 hours per part) and it's limited producibility for complicated shape, this process is very expensive and applied to the relatively simple geometry structures. RTM is considered as an alternative process to overcome the limitation of autoclave process. In this study, the idea of RTM application on the secondary Fairing structure of aircraft has been proved to be technically feasible and very cost effective by changing the multiple part of subassembly into one integral composite structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.280-283
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• 2002

In the manufacturing of large scale composite structures, the cost-effective processing and the enhancement of structural performance are critical. One of the most effective ways for this purpose is to use stitched multiaxial warp knitted (MWK) perform in the resin transfer molding process. This study reports the effect of stitching on the mechanical properties of MWK composites, and the feasibility processing of the thick U-beam structure utilizing the stitched preforms. Permeability of the preform, viscosity and cure property of the epoxy resin have been measured. The results of resin flow analysis has been used in determining the gate/vent locations of the RTM mold. Cross-sectional observation of the channel beam prototype demonstrated that the resin impregnation was almost complete, except for some surrounding area of stitched yarns.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society For Composite Materials Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.71-74
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• 2003

The cell modeling homogenization method to derive the constitutive equation considering the microstructures of the fiber reinforced composites has been previously developed for composites with simple microstructures such as 2D plane composites and 3D rectangular shaped composites. Here, the method has been further extended for 3D circular braided composites, utilizing B-spline curves to properly describe the more complex geometry of 3D braided composites. For verification purposes, the method has been applied for orthotropic elastic properties of the 3D circular braided glass fiber reinforced composite, in particular for the tensile property. Prepregs of the specimen have been fabricated using the 3D braiding machine through RTM (resin transfer molding) with epoxy as a matrix. Experimentally measured uniaxial tensile properties agreed well with predicted values obtained fer two volume fractions.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.15-20
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• 2006

Real time health monitoring system was studied to detect the . generation of defects in the composite structures during service life. The PZT sensors were embedded into the woven-glass/phenol composite plate during the fabrication. VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding) process were used to fabricate the composite plate. A Teflon tape was embedded between glass fiber layers to mimic delamination induced during service. Normalized maximum amplitude and energy analyses were used for the acquired signals. Both amplitude and energy of acquired signals were extremely sensitive to the delamination. Therefore, it was successful to detect and to locate the defects in composite plate by monitoring signals from sensors and using the proposed method.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.378-381
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• 2007

탄소섬유가 중앙에 적층된 풍력발전용 블레이드 소재인 탄소 유리섬유 하이브리드 복합재료가 VARTM(Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding)공법을 이용하여 제작되었다. 아이조드 충격시험법을 이용하여 온도, 하이브리드화 비율 그리고 노치에 대한 충격강도의 영향을 연구하였다. 온도 감소 및 탄소섬유의 증가에 의해 충격강도는 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 노치에 의해 하이브리드 복합재료는 약 $25{\sim}30$%가량의 충격강도 감소를 보였다. 그러나 단일 탄소섬유 복합재료의 경우 노치민감도는 없었으며, 이에 소량의 유리섬유 첨가로 인해 하이브리드화 하였을 경우 충격강도 향상 및 저온 충격강도 안정성을 확보 할 수 있었다.

• Composites Research
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.44-52
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• 2002

To study numerically the mechanical behaviors of advanced composite materials considering the microscopic phenomena as well as the macroscopic properties and behaviors, a multi-scale modeling and analysis by the mathematical homogenization method with the help of the finite element method(FEM) are reviewed. The hierarchical modeling strategy and the formulation are briefly described first to give some idea of the multi-scale framework. The latter half of this article focuses on the verification of the multi-scale analysis by the homogenization method in its applications to real advanced materials. The first example is the verification of the predicted macroscopic(homogenized) properties based on the microstructure of porous ceramics. In spite of the complexity of the random microstructure, the error between the predicted and the measured values was only 1%. Next, two applications to the process simulation of fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites are presented. The permeability characteristics are evaluated for sheared weave fabrics for resin transfer molding(RTM) simulation, and the thermoforming of FRTP sheet is analyzed considering the large deformation of the knit structure during the deep-draw forming was verified by comparison with the experimental results.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.139-149
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• 1995

실제 복합재료 제조공정에 널리 이용되는 등방성 탄소섬유직조와 에폭시수지에 대 해서 수지의 유동을 일방향으로 근사하여 비정상상태 투과계수와 모세관압을 측정하는 실험 을 수행하였고 적층된 섬유직조의 기공율, 금형 주입압력 그리고 섬유직조의 적층수에 따른 수지유동특성을 분석하였다. 또한 금형 충전과정에 대한 유동가시화 실험을 수행하여 유동 선단과 충전시간을 측정하였다. 전체 조업압력에 미치는 모세관압의 영향을 규명하기 위해 일정 유입압력에 따른 금형충전과정에 대하여 유한요소/관할부피 방법을 이용한 수치모사를 수행하였다. 함침공정의 수지유동에서 비정상상태 투과계수는 섬유직조의 기공율에 따라 급 격히 증가하였고 에폭시수의 표면장력에 기인한 모세관압은 기공율 감소에 따라 급격히 증 가하였다. 동일한 기공율에서 섬유직조의 적층수가 증가함에 따라 투과계수와 모세관압은 모두 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한실험에서 측정한 모세관압을 고려하여 유동선단과 금형 충전시간을 수치모사방법으로 예측ㄷ한 결과는 유동가시화 실험에의한 결과와 잘 일치함을 보였다. 이결과로부터 낮은 압력에서 조업하는 RTM공정에서 모세관압효과는 유동선단과 금형 충전시간을 예측하는데 기여함을 알수 있다.