• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.61 no.12
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• pp.381-386
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• 2018

Purpose: The use of proper safety restraint systems by children is vital for the reduction of traffic accident-related injury and death. This study evaluated the rates of use of safety restraint systems and front seats by Korean children. Methods: Based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 to 2015, I investigated the frequencies of safety restraint systems and front seat use by children under six and 12 years of age, respectively. Results: The percentage of respondents who said they always use safety restraint systems increased from 17.7% in 2008 to 45.0% in 2015. The rate of children who did not use the front seats at all was 47.3 % in 2008 compared to 33.4% in 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a decrease in safety-restraint-system use as age increased (odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.77). The use rate of front-passenger seat belts by the mother is significantly correlated with the safety-restraint-system use rate by children (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.12-4.06). Conclusion: Although the rate of safety-restraint-system use for children is increasing annually, it remains low. Additionally, the use rate of front passenger seats for children is high. To reduce the rates of injury and death of children from traffic accidents, it is necessary to educate on the appropriate use of safety restraint systems according to age and body size and to develop stronger regulations.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 2022

In this study, through a survey on traffic safety campaigns for electric wheelchairs for the disabled, we found out what is necessary to solve the inconvenience of disabled people driving electric wheelchairs and living in society. The conclusions for each role of the severely disabled are as follows. The government has enacted a law on fostering convenience facilities for the disabled in accordance with reality so that the disabled, who are vulnerable to transportation, do not have any inconvenience in their social lives. However, it is not kept in reality, so there are many obstacles to the social activities of the disabled. In addition, local governments should subscribe to electric wheelchair insurance for the disabled to minimize the damage to the disabled in the event of an electric wheelchair accident. Organizations related to the disabled provide safety wheelchair driving education to prevent electric wheelchair accidents in advance and receive complaints about inconvenience. It can be concluded that people with severe disabilities can prevent accidents in advance by installing a moving ring tone on an electric wheelchair so that they can know the movement of the surrounding wheelchair.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.679-690
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• 2015

The need to remove the cause of traffic accidents by improving the engineering system for a vehicle and the road in order to minimize the accident hazard. This is likely to cause traffic accident continue to take a large and significant social cost and time to improve the reliability and efficiency of this generally poor road, thereby generating a lot of damage to the national traffic accident caused by improper environmental factors. In order to minimize damage from traffic accidents, the cause of accidents must be eliminated through technological improvements of vehicles and road systems. Generally, it is highly probable that traffic accident occurs more often on roads that lack safety measures, and can only be improved with tremendous time and costs. In particular, traffic accidents at intersections are on the rise due to inappropriate environmental factors, and are causing great losses for the nation as a whole. This study aims to present safety countermeasures against the cause of accidents by developing an intersection Traffic safety evaluation model. It will also diagnose vulnerable traffic points through BPA (Back -propagation algorithm) among artificial neural networks recently investigated in the area of artificial intelligence. Furthermore, it aims to pursue a more efficient traffic safety improvement project in terms of operating signalized intersections and establishing traffic safety policies. As a result of conducting this study, the mean square error approximate between the predicted values and actual measured values of traffic accidents derived from the BPA is estimated to be 3.89. It appeared that the BPA appeared to have excellent traffic safety evaluating abilities compared to the multiple regression model. In other words, The BPA can be effectively utilized in diagnosing and practical establishing transportation policy in the safety of actual signalized intersections.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.11 no.2 s.23
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

In the present maritime traffic conditions of Mokpo harbor, there exist many hazardous factors which may lead to huge accidents including marine oil pollution We analyze marine traffic environments including traffic congestion, natural conditions, maritime traffic accidents in the last 10 years, the fishery status, operation of traffic routes and management of navigational aids and regulations relating ships' routeing both in and out of the country. Consequently, this work is to propose improved marine traffic system in future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.302-304
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• 2015

Waters that are under surveillance for traffic safety designated area due to increased risk of ship accidents are usually areas in the coastal waters specified by the government. However, there are still some controversies surrounding application of navigation rule in regards to these waters. Such law is especially difficult to apply to VTSO access sea route within Kwangyang bay area. Therefore, as a solution for the issues discussed in this research, the goal is to help establish a unified application method for navigation rule in relation to VTS areas, to improve marine traffic safety by separating and applying specific laws from marine safety law, and to provide a ground on which the VTSO can take a proactive and focused approach in performing monitoring duties.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.57-70
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• 2012

Variable speed limit(VSL) is a useful speed management tool for alleviating traffic congestion and enhancing traffic safety. The purpose of this study is to identify promising freeway segments for safety enhancement through VSL operations. An ordered probit model was adopted to capture factors affecting freeway crash severity that can be used to support decision making for selecting the promising segments. Pseudo elasticity and marginal effects, which are outcomes of the ordered probit analysis, were used to determine priority of promising segments for traffic safety. The results of this study would be useful in installing VSL systems and developing traffic control and operations strategies in practice.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.59-74
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• 2021

The domestic road space is reaching the limit of planar space distribution, and Increasingly, the importance of three-dimensional space distribution through the development of underground space. therefore, In this study, a study was conducted on a traffic control method that can safely induce two different traffic flows in the connection between the ground road and the underground road. Through VISSIM, we calculated the appropriate amount of outflow and inflow traffic compared to the capacity of the main line when there is a Merge/Diverge section in the underground road. and Through the analysis of the number of conflicts, the appropriate traffic control level for safety in the underground, A basic study was conducted on the level of risk in the underpass according to the level of delay in the ground part through the analysis of the delay scenario of the ground road.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.147-153
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• 2021

Background: In this study, the association of work and demographic characteristics with different traffic offenses committed by food delivery riders in Greece was examined. Previous research has identified various factors related to risky driving however, there is a need for exploring the complex interrelationship of work-related factors underlying risky driving behavior. Materials and Methods: A 2-items uestionnaire was used exploring delivery riders demographic characteristics, terms of employment, issues of concern during work and type of traffic offenses committed. In total, uestionnaires were analyzed using logistic regression in order to identify characteristics independently associated with serious traffic offenses, namely, red-light running and helmet non-use. Results: The analysis showed that: (i) typical health and safety measures had no effect on serious traffic offenses, (ii) young age was related to both offenses however (iii) different sets of work conditions were associated with reports of red-light running (i.e. low work experience, use of personal vehicle for work, and payment by hour) and helmet non-use respectively (i.e. intense work pace, high tip income per day and low concern about vehicle condition). Conclusion: The above findings provide evidence that serious traffic offenses are manifestations of underlying conflict experienced by the riders between safety and various performance criteria. Each one of the two offenses is related to different rider profiles aiming to satisfy different goals, namely, those mainly trying to maximize profit non-helmet users and those, mostly inexperienced ones, trying to cope with work pressure red light runners. Potential regulatory measures to alleviate risky practices are discussed.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.397-405
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• 2015

In the past, expressways focused on mobility. However, the paradigm of expressways fuction today has been changed from fast expressways to safe expressways as people's quality of living and consciousness level heightened. In 2012, 3,550 traffic accidents occurred on expressways and 371 people died. The fatality rate of traffic accidents on expressways is almost twice that on general national roads. This study developed accident forecast models (safety performance functions) based on the number of traffic accidents and traffic volumes on six major lines on expressways. It is difficult to forecast safety performance functions for each expressway line because the lines and the scales of expressways are different from each other; therefore, integrated safety performance functions of six lines were determined first, and the coefficients, which can correct the traffic accidents on each line, were calculated. It is believed that this study will contribute in the safer management of expressways by being used as basic information in the establishment of traffic safety strategies for each expressway line in prevention of traffic accidents. Moreover, more studies would be required in the future, which would suggest reliable accident forecasts by calculating correction coefficients by line through integrated models by groups dependent on the characteristics of each line.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.3 s.89
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• pp.113-123
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• 2006

This article evaluates the effects of eight traffic safety policies such as traffic accident reduction campaign, the seat belt law, three strike out driving while intoxicated, rewarding for reporting traffic offenders on the number of accidents and fatalities. Intervention analysis of time series is used to compare the monthly accident and fatalities with the before and after reinforcement. The results indicate that no significant impact of the traffic enforcement measures on reducing the number of accidents and fatalities.