• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2016

The study attempts to investigate the causes of Sino-U.S. trade friction in recent years and provides countermeasures accordingly. The import and export volume of two countries, the product structure of China's export, the 337th Act lawsuits related to China, the industries involved in trade friction, and the G-L Index of Sino-U.S. Products are analyzed in detail. The causes of Sino-US trade frictions are discussed from the aspect of mercantilism and trade protectionism, interest groups and governments' trade policies, Chinese product structure, intellectual property protection in China, and performance of Chinese enterprises in litigation. Based on these, countermeasures are put forward. China needs to implement industrial upgrading, increasing the added value of products, and improving intellectual property protection. A trade friction warning system also needs to be constructed. The Chinese government needs to carry out strategic dialogue and international negotiation.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2021

Mainland China area has been a long-term, major trade rival and partner of Taiwan, accounting for more than 40% of Taiwan's total annual trade exports, and so Sino-US trade friction is expected to have a significant impact on Taiwan's economy in the future. This study focuses on major bad news of Sino-US trade frictions and how it generates short-term shocks for Taiwan's equity market and fear sentiment. It further explores the mutual interpretation relationship between price changes such as VIX, Taiwan's stock market index, and the VIX ETF to identify which factors have information leadership as leading indicators. The study period covers 750 trading days from 2017/1/3 to 2020/1/31. This study finds that, when a policy news is announced, the stock market index falls significantly, the change in the trading price (net value) of the VIX ETF rises significantly, and the overprice rate significantly drops, but VIX does not, showing that fear sentiment exists in the Taiwan's market. The net value of the VIX ETF shows an information advantage as a leading indicator. This study suggests that, when the world's two largest economies clash over trade, the impact on Taiwan's equity market is inevitable, and that short-term fear effects will arise.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.56-75
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• 2022

Purpose - This study examines the influencing factors of China's cross-border e-commerce exports in the context of the current situation and trends of China's cross-border e-commerce development. Through an improved trade gravity model, it provides more in-depth research and constructive opinions on the development of cross-border e-commerce in China. In this paper, factors such as consumption gap, volume of trade frictions, number of tourists, Internet usage and trade openness are added to the formula of the traditional trade gravity model in the improved trade gravity model to examine the influencing factors on China's cross-border e-commerce exports. Design/methodology - According to the empirical analysis, China's cross-border e-commerce exports to ten countries are used as dependent variables, and consumption gap, trade friction volume, trade distance, trade openness and number of Internet users are taken as independent variables. Regression analysis is conducted through a modified gravity model to test whether the hypotheses hold. Findings - The analysis shows that the hypothesis that China's cross-border e-commerce exports are influenced by trade openness, trade distance, consumption gap between trade parties, and the number of Internet users in the importing country is supported by these four hypotheses, but not all independent variables have an impact on them. Specifically, the number of travelers, trade frictions do not have an impact on China's cross-border e-commerce. That is to say, trade friction between China and the United States and political issues such as China-India and China-Japan territorial disputes that emerged before do not affect the development of cross-border e-commerce in China. Originality/value - The analysis shows that the factors influencing China's cross-border e-commerce exports are the trade openness of the importing country, the trade distance, the number of Internet users in the importing country, and the consumption gap between the two sides of the trade. The trade openness and the number of Internet users positively contribute to China's cross-border e-commerce, while the consumption gap and trade distance are negatively related to them. And the analysis found that the Sino-US trade war and the Sino-Indian territorial disputes and other trade frictions to China's cross-border e-commerce exports did not have a substantial impact.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2004

해외직접투자는 기업의 장기적인 성장전략 차원에서 여러 가지 동기를 가진다. 본 연구는 현대자동차의 미국 앨라배마주 현지투자에 대한 사례연구를 통해 우리나라 자동차산업의 관점에서 미국에 대한 직접투자의 동기와 입지선택시의 고려요인을 분석한다. 이 논문은 미국에 대한 수출이 최근 호조세를 지속하고 있는 상황에서 생산원가 면에서 유리하지 않은 미국내 투자가 이루어진 동기는 무엇인가에 대한 문제 제기에서 출발한다. 조사결과 미국투자의 가장 강력한 동기는 대미통상마찰 완화였다. 즉, 수출의 상당부분을 미국시장에 의존하고 있는 상황에서 현지생산을 통하여 자동차부문의 심각한 한ㆍ미간 무역수지 불균형현상을 완화하여 미국과의 통상마찰을 회피하고 무역분쟁의 소지를 줄이고자 하는 방어적 차원의 전략적 동기가 현대자동차 미국 현지투자의 가장 큰 이유였다. 소비자에의 접근성 향상 등 기타 요인은 부수적인 중요성에 머물렀다. 그러나, 국가 단위의 선택이 이루어진 후 local 단위의 선택에 있어서는 여러 가지 입지적 요인들이 종합적으로 고려되었으며, 특히 지방정부의 적절한 인센티브 제공이 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 우리나라 제조업의 선진국에 대한 해외투자는 전통적인 해외직접투자 이론으로써는 설명할 수 없는 방어적 차원의 전략적 동기가 중요하게 작용한다는 것을 시사한다. 아울러, 각급 정부단위의 적절한 유인구조 설계가 해외직접투자 유치에 중요하다는 것을 확인한다.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.89-114
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• 2023

This paper empirically examines how controlling strategic goods affects productivity by focusing on Korean industries from 2015 to 2019. We hypothesize that strategic goods control positively affects productivity because it promotes international trade by making up for market failures, building up national credibility, and stabilizing market environment; in turn, international trade contributes to productivity growth. The regression results are congruent with our hypothesis. The effects of strategic goods control on productivity were positive and statistically significant in general. These positive effects were more prominent in the group of industries that include strategic goods and, thus, are technologically intensive. The results also support that international trade is a key medium for the effects of strategic goods control on productivity. Consequently, our empirical results support government policy on strategic goods control, ensuring that strategic goods control can contribute to economic growth by reducing diplomatic friction and stabilizing the global market.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.253-280
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• 2012

중국이 개혁개방을 한 이후 가공무역은 중국의 경제성장에 커다란 공헌을 하였으며 대외경제발전의 원동력이 되었다. 그러나 산업분포의 불균형에 따라 노동집약형 제품의 과잉생산이 확대되었고 그에 따른 저부가가치 생산품의 대량 수출로 인해 무역마찰은 심각해졌다. 또한 이러한 제품은 환경오염을 일으키며 자원낭비를 초래했다. 이에 중국 정부는 가공무역의 고도화 전략으로 제도를 정비하기에 이른다. 본 연구에서는 가공무역제도 변경에 따른 대응책으로 보세구역의 활용성을 제시하였다. 첫째, 자사의 품목이 금지품목이나 제한품목에 해당한다 할지라도 보세구역을 활용하면 기업활동을 할 수 있다. 둘째, 비보세구역에서 보증금 적립의무를 부담해야 하는 기업이라 할지라도 보세구역을 활용하면 보증금을 적립할 의무가 없어진다. 셋째, 가공무역을 위해 수입하는 설비에 대해서도 비보세구역보다 보세구역을 활용하면 세제상의 혜택을 받을 수 있다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.169-188
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• 2023

공세적이고 일방주의적 조치의 증가는 최근 국제통상환경의 대표적인 특징이다. EU는 이러한 환경에 대처하기 위해 제3국의 경제적 위협 시 독자적인 대응조치 허용을 골자로 하는 '경제적 위협 대응조치 규칙안' 도입을 추진하고 있다. 본 고는 규칙안의 입법 배경인 최근 공세적 통상환경의 특징을 살펴보고 기존 EU의 통상정책과의 연계 및 발전 맥락에서 동 규칙안의 필요성 및 우려의 측면을 평가하였다. 또한 타국의 경제적 위협에 대해 독자적으로 대처하고자 하는 시도가 국제적으로 확산되고 있는바, EU의 경제적 위협 대응조치 규칙안의 WTO 체제하에서의 허용 가능성을 검토하였다. 마지막으로 점증하는 지정학적 위기 속에서 우려되는 경제적 위협과 통상마찰에 대한 우리의 국내적 대응 방안 측면에서 동 규칙안의 시사점을 도출하였다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2016

Joining Al/Fe dissimilar metals is becoming a subject of special interest in the assembly of automotive parts as a trade-off between the weight lightening and the cost reduction. Although various studies have been introduced to join Al alloy with the steel sheet by fusion welding, weak joint strength and galvanic corrosion still remained as problems to be solved. As a solid state welding, friction stir welding has been preferred to fusion welding processes in the dissimilar metal joints. This study investigated friction stir spot welding (FSSW) of Al alloy to the thin steel sheet with a thickness of 0.65 mm. The conventional FSSW is a stationary spot welding process but new approach adopted an additional circumferential movement in company with high speed tool rotation. A full factorial experimental design was implemented, and the main and interaction effects of parameters were analysed on the failure load in the tensile shear test. The direction and radius of rotation were statistically significant parameters and these two parameters affected the joint width and the shape of the hook.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.1067-1087
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• 2016

In this paper, a decoupled proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control approach for seismic control of smart structures is presented. First, the state space equation of a structure is transformed into modal coordinates and parameters of the modal PID control are separately designed in a reduced modal space. Then, the feedback gain matrix of the controller is obtained based on the contribution of modal responses to the structural responses. The performance of the controller is investigated to adjust control force of piezoelectric friction dampers (PFDs) in a benchmark base isolated building. In order to tune the modal feedback gain of the controller, a suitable trade-off among the conflicting objectives, i.e., the reduction of maximum modal base displacement and the maximum modal floor acceleration of the smart base isolated structure, as well as the maximum modal control force, is created using a multi-objective cuckoo search (MOCS) algorithm. In terms of reduction of maximum base displacement and story acceleration, numerical simulations show that the proposed method performs better than other reported controllers in the literature. Moreover, simulation results show that the PFDs are able to efficiently dissipate the input excitation energy and reduce the damage energy of the structure. Overall, the proposed control strategy provides a simple strategy to tune the control forces and reduces the number of sensors of the control system to the number of controlled stories.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2019

Purpose As consumer awareness grows, the importance of CSR becomes even more important for long-term growth. In response to this current trend, the purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of CSR activities on business performance for logistics companies. Research design, data, and methodology - Between CSR activities and growth, there was a generally positive(+) relationships between activities such as donation and volunteerism and the growth of the enterprise. In terms of the relationship between environmental factors and growth, negative results were expressed. In case of profitability, improved welfare for workers has had a positive impact on corporate profitability. Results - With respect to stability, a high proportion of equity capital is not considered to be more active in SCR activities. Significant negative results were given between the minimum factors for entry, transportation, and noise generation factors and the ratio of liabilities, which are representative friction factors in the community. Conclusions - With respect to stability, a high proportion of equity capital is not considered to be more active in SCR activities. Significant negative results were given between the minimum factors for entry, transportation, and noise generation factors and the ratio of liabilities, which are representative friction factors in the community.