• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.17-21
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• 2004

Background Insertion of tracheal stent in the treatment of benign tracheal & bronchial disease has increased since the introduction of expandable metallic stent. Material & Methods : Between Jan, 1995 and Feb. 2004, eight patients who had benign tracheo-bronchial disease underwent insertion of expandable metallic tracheal stent. We retrospectively analyzed stent insertion indications, complications, and following the result. Results : Surgical indications were post-intubation tracheal stenosis (1 case), tracheal stenosis following tracheal surgery (2 cases), tracheo-esophageal fistula (2 cases), broncho-pleural fistula(1 case), left main bronchus stenosis following bronchoplasty (1 case), and left main bronchus stenosis due to mediastinal repositioning (1 case). Expandable metallic tracheal stent was inserted in five patients to resolve dyspnea caused by airway obstruction, and to prevent recurrent pneumonia in three patients. The complication developed in 6 patients $75\%$; 3 cases of distal stenosis due to growth of granulation tissue, and one case each of tearing of posterior membrane, aggravation of tracheo-esophageal fistula, and airway partial obstruction due to stent migration. The stent was removed in 5 patients and tracheal surgery (tracheal resection and end to end anastomosis with primary repair of esophagus, pericardial patch tracheo-bronchoplasty, tracheal repair and omental wrapping) was performed in 3 patients. Conclusion Insertion of self expandable metallic stent in benign tracheo-bronchial disease is an effective means of relieving dyspnea for only a short period, and it did not increase the long term survival. Better means of treatment of benign tracheo-bronchial stenosis in necessary.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.457-461
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• 2010

Three dogs were presented with signs of recurrence of coughing, dyspnea and difficulty of barking after endotracheal stent placement. On the basis of history taking, physical examination, laboratory tests and radiography, complications of endotracheal stent were suspected. Dog 1 had unfitted stent diameter (stent diameter is larger than tracheal diameter) and getting disentangled of proximal tracheal stent wire. Dog 2 was suspected a foreign body reaction. Dog 3 had the migration of stent caudally. Based on these cases, the veterinarian should accurately evaluate the indicated patients before endotracheal stent and has to select the appropriate stent (diameter, length and location) to prevent complications after endotracheal stent and concern the regular follow-ups to assure proper endotracheal stent placement.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.248-252
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• 2019

Tracheal collapse is a common respiratory disease in dogs. There are many ways to treat tracheal collapse, one of which is the use of an intraluminal stent. In this study, we divided 21 dogs into two groups and implant conventional stents and new nitinol stents. Comparison of two groups was based on following, feature of stent fracture, form of stent migration, clinical sign improvement, complication and prognosis. Approaching was established via C-arm under spontaneous breathing and placing a stent at the site of collapse. Using radiographic images, determine stent size accurately. For a comparison of identical condition, all intraluminal stents were placed 10 mm caudal from larynx to 10 mm cranial from carina. In this study, new nitinol stents improve the problems of conventional stents and may be effective in the treatment of tracheal collapse in small dogs.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.136-139
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• 1994

Tracheal stenosis is relatively common complication after tracheal intubation or tracheostomy for a long time. We experienced 10 cases of tracheal stenosis with various causes, prolonged intubation or tracheostomy caused the tracheal stenosis in seven, one after advanced cancer of the lung, one after inhalation burn, and the other was palliative management for tracheal stenosis by Gianturco type tracheal stent. We tried to correct this stenosis applying three tracheal stent and one Montgomery T-tube as a palliative approach, but failed in two, one restenosis due to regrowing of granulation tissue with scarring or another metastatic spread of cancer to systemic organs after 3 months of placing the stent. Tracheal circumferential resection and end to end anastomosis were done in seven, and obtained one postoperative complication as subglottic stenosis was followed by Montgomery T-tube and reoperation later. With the brief review of references, we report the cases.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.46.1-46.8
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• 2022

Background: Stenting is an effective treatment option for tracheal collapse in dogs. Cross-braided tracheal stents are currently the norm in veterinary medicine, but cross-and-hook braided stents have recently been adopted in human medicine. We examined whether stents manufactured using this novel braiding technique provided additional advantages for the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs. Objectives: To evaluate the outcomes of cross-and-hook braided stent implantation in the treatment of tracheal collapse in dogs. Methods: The medical records of 22 client-owned dogs that underwent luminal placement of cross-and-hook braided Fauna Stents for the treatment of tracheal collapse between January 2018 and July 2021 were examined and data on canine signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications were retrieved and analyzed statistically. Results: Twenty-six stents were surgically implanted, with 20 dogs (90.9%) receiving one stent and the remaining two (9.1%) receiving two or more stents. All dogs survived the procedure. The median survival time at a median follow-up of 990 days was 879 days. At the final follow-up examination, loss or mild improvement of cough was observed in all dogs. Conclusions: Compared with conventional lumen stents, the cross-and-hook braided Fauna Stent offered a higher survival rate and improved clinical symptoms in all patients. The results of this study suggest that the Fauna Stent may be a promising treatment option for dogs with tracheal collapse.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.1455-1456
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• 2011

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.50-55
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• 2009

Objectives: Endoscopic airway dilatation and stenting has been developed to treat the airway stenosis without potential morbidities of open surgery. We report the clinical results of endoscopic airway dilatation with silicone stenting in patients with posttuberculous bronchial stenosis(PTBS) and with severe main tracheal stenosis who have poor general conditions Methods : A prospective observation study of five patients, who have undergone endoscopic airway dilatation and silicone stenting between Feb 2007 and Feb 2009. A total of twelve patients were treated with endoscopic airway dilatation, among them 5 patients were included in this study. three patients were treated with newly designed silicone stent (Natural stent: TNO Co., Seoul, South Korea) because of poor surgical conditions and longer stenotic segment Results: 3 patients were grade III PTBS, and the other 2 patients were grade IV post tracheotomy main tracheal stenosis. One patient of PTBS were treated with silicone stent following endoscopic dilatation because of longer stenotic segment. Two patients of main tracheal stenosis patients were treated with silicone stent because of tracheal lumen collapse. There was no severe postoperative complications except mild granulation tissue formations Conclusions : Endoscopic dilatation including silicone stenting could be a useful method for treating patients with PTBS, and for main tracheal stenosis patients with poor general surgical conditions

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.349-355
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• 2023

A 7-year-old castrated male Pomeranian dog presented with severe goose honking cough and dyspnea. Thoracic radiographs revealed a narrowed tracheal diameter at the thoracic inlet, classified as tracheal collapse grade 4. Despite medical treatment, the dog's life-threatening airway obstruction did not improve. Subsequently, tracheal stent placement resulted in a significant improvement in respiratory condition, with no recurrence of symptoms observed during the 4-month period, except for coughing induced by excitement and anxiety. However, the patient presented with a one-week history of productive cough, exercise intolerance, and loss of appetite. Radiographs and computed tomography scans revealed torsion of the left cranial lung lobe. The patient underwent affected lung lobectomy, which involved the removal of the necrotized cranial portion and heavily congested caudal portion. Unfortunately, the patient did not recover and eventually passed away. Histopathological examination of the resected lung tissue confirmed coagulative necrosis and marked peribronchiolar edema, consistent with lung lobe torsion.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2017

Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare disease entity consist 2% of whole thyroid cancer but once diagnosed, it is too fatal to survive. Airway obstruction is a leading cause of death in anaplastic thyroid cancer, which may be caused by both vocal cord palsy, mass effect of the cancer or direct invasion of the cancer itself to the tracheal lumen. Tracheal stent insertion can be a solution for airway compromised cases where surgical excision cannot be performed. The advantage is that the airway problem can be solved without invasive procedure. In this case, we tried expandable tracheal stent insertion for 66 years-old man with anaplastic cancer who visited ER for small amount of hemoptysis and dyspnea. There was severe tracheal narrowing and deviation due to the anaplastic thyroid cancer, ECMO (Extra Corporal Membrane Oxygenation) was used instead of a tracheal intubation for general anesthesia.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1983.05a
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• pp.10.2-10
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• 1983

Tracheal stenosis induced from the various causes has still remained as a serious problem in the otolaryngologic field. There has been used the numerous methods in the treatment of the tracheal stenosis and the each case has required the therapeutic modality. Now, we report two cases of tracheal stenosis ; one case had been used the silicone T - tube in the tracheal stenosis after tracheostomy in 6 year - old child and the other one had been used the silicone tube stent with oral mucosa graft in the treatment of the tracheal narrowing due to inflammatory mass in 19 year - old male patient.