• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.317-327
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• 2008

This study developed the methodology to calculate the total daily maximum load (TMDL) using the instreamflow requirement because the previous TMDLs were too simple to easily achieve. Instreamflow requirement which was the average low flow ($Q_{275}$) in the previous planning cannot consider the seasonal variation of streamflow. Therefore, this study used the instreamflow requirement which is a maximum value among hydrologic drought flow ($Q_{355}$), and environmental flows for ecology and scenery. The environmental flows for ecology were calculated using Physical HABitat SIMulation system (PHABSIM) which can estimate the necessary flow for fish survival by life cycle. Using the proposed method, all monthly TMDLs of streams in the Anyangcheon were calculated for the application.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.844-847
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• 2010

우리나라의 7지역을 대상으로 하여, 노지재배 고추의 조숙재배와 반촉성 재배의 경우 지역별 및 생육시기별 물요구량의 변화양상을 산정한 결과, 최근 30년간 기상자료 분석에 의한 고추 생육기간인 3월 중순~10월 중순의 일평균 PET는 2.65 mm $day^{-1}$이었다. 반촉성재배 노지 고추는 생육기간 전체 (3월 중순~10월 중순) 평균 일 물요구량이 2.3 mm $day^{-1}$으로 나타났으며, 전 생육기 누적 물요구량 (AWR)은 482.9 mm이었다. 또, 조숙재배 노지 고추는 생육기간 전체 (5월 상순~10월 중순) 평균 일 물요구량은 2.4 mm $day^{-1}$이었으며, 전 생육기 누적 물요구량 (AWR)은 374.9 mm이었다. 고추의 생육단계를 5단계로 나누어서 보면, 생육 중기 (S-3)단계에서 물요구량이 가장 많았다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigated the water requirement of twisted sweet peppers which are cultivated in a green house. The meteorological conditions during the experiment period was close to that of normal year except the temperature and relative humidity. The growth status was improved with the increased saturation ratio. The range of the variation of daily water requirement were very large. The peak consumption occurred in the early August. And the higher saturation ratio resulted in higher water requirement. The total water requirement were about 57.180g/d/plant for pot with 100% (P100) of saturation , about 38.700g/d/plant for pot with 80%(P80) of saturation , about 23,720g/d/plant for pot with 60%(P60) of saturation, and about 53, 390g/d/plant for field cultivation in the green house, respectively. The water requirement was correlated with average ambient temperature and growing status, while no significant correlation were found between water requirement and minimum relative humidity or intensity of solar radiation. And the higher correlation was shown as the saturation ratio was increased. The transpiration coefficients of twisted sweet pepper were 378.0g/g for field cultivation in the green house, 363.3g/g for P100, 338.7g for P80 which was the smallest among pot cultivation , and 472.1g/g for P60 , respectively.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2000년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.327-332
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the water requirement of green peppers which are cultivated in a greenhouse under the different soil water conditions. The meteorological conditions during the experiment period was not predominantly different from the conditions in a normal year. The highest leaf area per plant, plant height, and yield were 6,143$\textrm{cm}^2$/plant, 107cm, and 751g/plant, respectively. And daily variation of water requirements of green peppers ranged from 30 to 1,250g/d/plant which was fluctuated with significant difference. Total water requirements per plant which cultivated under the soil water conditions with different saturation ratios were 23,619g for P100, 43,044 for P80, and 2915g for P60, respectively. There were close correlation between plant height and water requirements. Low correlations were found between greenhouse ambient temperature and water requirement, while significant linear regression was shown between both of humidity and solar radiation and water requirement.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.90-95
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to seek out the harrow water requirement applicable for the irrigation plan of paddy field and to find out the factors influenced on a variation in the requirement. The plots of experiment were arranged with randomized block design which was compo- sed of three kinds of soil texture (sandy loam, loam and silty loam) and ploughing depth (12cm, 17cm, and 22cm). The results obtained from this experimental study are summarized as follows. 1. Harrow water reguirement is not only changed by soil texture, but influenced by soil water content just before irrigating 2. Magnitude of total harrow water reguirement appli(able for the irrigation plan, when surface water depth and the water content just before irrigating is fixed on the basis of 30 mm and a shrinkage limit respectively, generally becomes to be 177.5mm, 116.3mm and 113. 8mm in the sandy loam, loam amd silty loam block, respectively. 3. The more a percolation of soil layer occurs, the more the harrow water requirement increases, but it is not much influenced by the increase in ploughing depth. 4. The larger a porosity of soil layer is, the more a net harrow requirement increases 5. The factors that influence on a variation in the harrow water requirement are appea- red to be percolation of soil layer, soil water content just before irrigating, porosity of soil layer, ploughing depth and designed surface water depth etc.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.861-866
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• 2012

본 연구는 우리나라 1979년~2008년까지의 기후 데이터를 활용하여 우리나라 45개 지역을 대상으로 기후변화에 따른 감자의 물 요구량을 산정함으로서 기존의 연구결과를 수정보완하고 아울러 금후 국가 물 수급계획 수립의 기초자료로 활용코자 수행하였다. 노지 감자 생육기간 동안의 PET는 최소 부산의 $2.60mm\;day^{-1}$로부터 최대 대구의 $3.52mm\;day^{-1}$ 범위를 보였으며, 45개 지역에 대한 평균은 $2.95mm\;day^{-1}$ 이었다. 노지 감자의 생육기간 전체에 대한 평균 일 물 요구량(MWR : mm $day^{-1}$)은, 45지역의 전 생육기간 평균 $1.6mm\;day^{-1}$이었으며, 생육단계별 평균 일 물 요구량 (MWR)은 G-1, G-2, G-3 및 G-4 각각 1.0~1.2 (평균 1.1), 1.5~1.8 (평균 1.6), 1.9~2.2 및 1.7~2.1 (평균 1.8) mm $day^{-1}$이었다. 노지 감자의 생육기간 전체에 대한 평균 총 물 요구량 (TWR : mm $day^{-1}$)은, 45지역 평균 446.2 mm 이었으며, 생육단계별 평균 총 물 요구량 (TWR : mm $day^{-1}$)은 G-1, G-2, G-3 및 G-4 각각 18.0~22.1 (평균 19.3), 50.6~66.6 (평균 56.3), 63.5~88.2 (평균 72.4) 및 38.3~54.5 (평균 44.0) mm 이었다. 또한 MWR 과 TWR은 45지역 모두 G-3 생육단계에서 가장 많으며, 이는 G-3 생육단계의 대기증발요구량 (PET)과 작물계수 (Kc)가 타 생육기간 보다 높기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2013

본 연구는 우리나라 1979년~2008년까지의 기후 데이터를 활용하여 우리나라 45개 지역을 대상으로 기후변화에 따른 옥수수의 물 요구량을 산정함으로서 기존의 연구결과를 수정보완하고 옥수수의 생산성 증대와 아울러 금후 국가 물 수급계획 수립의 기초자료로 활용코자 수행하였다. 옥수수 생육기간 동안의 PET는 최소 인천의 2.56 mm $day^{-1}$로부터 최대 대구의 3.38 mm $day^{-1}$ 범위를 보였으며, 45개 지역에 대한 평균은 2.85 mm $day^{-1}$이었다. 옥수수 전 생육기간의 45지역 평균 일 물 요구량 (MWR)은 3.27 mm $day^{-1}$이었으며, G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 및 G-5 생육단계별 각각 1.74~2.42 (평균 2.02), 2.99~4.21 (평균 3.41), 3.82~5.25 (평균 4.41), 3.05~4.31 (평균 3.48) 및 2.62~3.49 (평균 3.01) mm $day^{-1}$이었다. 옥수수 전 생육기간의 45지역 평균 총 물 요구량 (TWR)은 377.0 mm 이었으며, G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4 및 G-5 생육단계별 각각 45.37~63.04 (평균 52.56), 92.54~130.59 (평균 105.77), 76.46~105.09 (평균 88.14), 45.73~64.67 (평균 52.20) 및 68.25~90.75 (평균 78.33) mm 이었다. 또한 MWR은 G-3 생육단계에서 가장 많으며, 이는 G-3 생육단계의 작물계수 (Kc)가 타 생육기간 보다 높기 때문인 것으로 사료된다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2018

Generally, in terms of the development of irrigation scheme, the efficient water resource management that supplies the irrigation water in consideration of the required time and accurate quantity to grow the crop should be conducted. The water resource assessment should precede to supply the irrigation water efficiently. The water resources assessment is divided into the water requirement analysis and the water availability assessment. In case of Korea, the major crop is paddy rice unlike crops of Africa, such as sugarcane, maize, and cassava, etc. Because it is not familiar with the method for upland irrigation development in tropical area, it needs to know the water resources assessment for irrigation scheme development about these crops. The Natama Scheme in Chiradzulu District of the Southern Malawi was selected as study area, which has tropical climate. From the collected meteorological data, the evapotranspiration was analyzed by Penman-Monteith Method and the effective rainfall was analyzed by USDA Soil Conservation Service Method. This study displays the results that for study area, the evapotranspiration varies from 2.80 mm/day to 5.51 mm/day and the effective rainfall varied from 2.1mm to 149.0mm. According to the selected crop (Green Maize, Dry Maize), the unit water requirement (UWR) and water demand (WD) considering the irrigation efficiency, irrigation time and irrigation area were estimated to be $0.00122m^3/s/ha$ and $0.0122m^3/s$ respectively. For the water availability assessment, the runoff of Natama scheme was calculated by specific yield method. The water availability was evaluated through reviewed differences of discharge between $Q80_{intake}$ and Total WD, and the irrigation water can be supplied sufficiently in the existing 10ha of Natama scheme. As a result of reviewing the extensibility of irrigable area, total WD of scheme is $0.02313m^3/s$, and $Q80_{intake}$ is $0.02387m^3/s$ ($Q80_{intake}$ > Total WD). Therefore, Natama scheme can be extended from 10 ha to 17 ha in the dry season in consideration of the $Q80_{intake}$.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2001

In this lysimeter experiment, temporal changes of water percolation rate, irrigation requirement and ${No}_3$－-N leaching were investigated under different cultural practices that were no-till direct seeding on flooded paddy (NTDSF), till direct seeding on flooded paddy (TDSF), and transplanting. The highest water percolation rate of 3,001 l/$m^2$ was measured in NTDSF. Others were 2,551 l/$m^2$ and 2,210 l/$m^2$ in TDSF and transplanting. Water percolation rate in NTDSF and TDSF was increased by 36% and 15% compared to transplanting. Water percolation rates in all cultural practices were increased remarkably from the reproductive growth stage and relatively large amount of water loss through percolation was measured even after the reproductive growth stage. A total irrigation requirement was 3,469 l/$m^2$ in NTDSF and 2,898 l/$m^2$ in TDSF. That was equivalent to 45% and 21 % of increase compared to 2,389 l/$m^2$ in transplanting. The largest ${No}_3$－-N leaching through the entire rice growing period was 701 mg/$m^2$ in NTDSF and was followed by 494 mg/$m^2$ in TDSF and 465 mg/$m^2$ in transplanting. The ratios to the total amount of ${No}_3$－-N leaching at the vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth stage and ripening stage were 31 %, 41 % and 28% in NTDSF; 21 %, 48% and 31 % in TDSF; and 18%, 48% and 35 % in transplanting.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.72-86
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• 1990

This study was carried out to get the basic information of irrigation plans for upland crops such as the optimum irrigation level and the project water requirement. Red peppers and cucumbers were cultivated in PVC pot lysimeters filled with 60cm deep clay loam soil. Four tensiometers were installed in each pot to measure the soil water pressure head. Six levels of irrigation were used. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows: 1.The optimum irrigation level. The irrigation level of FC-PF2.7 was found to be the optimum level for both red pepper and cucumber with respect to the yield and the weight per fruit. In case of FC-PF2.7, total ET during the irrigation period were 1005.2mm for red pepper, and 429.6mm for cucumber, respectively. 2.soil moisture extraction patterns. Average soil moisture extraction patterns (SMEP)during the irrigation period were from 1st soil layer 43% : 32% : 16% : 9% for red pepper and 39% : 34% : 15% : 12% for cucumber, respectively. The extraction ratio of the upper soils showed very large values during the early stage of growth and decreased largely during the middle stage, and became larger in the last stage. 3.The project water requirement. Among the reference crop evapotranspiration(ETo) computation methods presented by FAO, the Penman method was found to be the best. The effective rainfall was computed by a modified USDA-SCS curve number equation. Availability ratios of the total rainfall during irrigation season were 59.2% for red pepper and 48.9% for cucumber, respectively. Net project water requirement of design year are 837.3mm for red pepper. and 502.Smm for cucumber, respectively.