• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.493-499
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to find the way to prolong the storage time of sawdust-based oyster mushroom (Pleurotus osteratus) spent substrate (OMSS) by fermenting with potential probiotic microorganisms to recycle the otherwise waste of mushroom farms. To this purpose, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were screened to select the best lactic acid-producing strains. Three strains of LAB (Lactobacillus plantarum Lp1', Pediococcus acidilacticii Pa193, L. plantarum Lp2M) were selected and in mixture they lowered the pH of the fermented OMSS to 3.81. fOMSS (fermented sawdust-based oyster mushroom spent substrate) could be stored at room temperature for at least 17 days without any deterioration of feed quality based on the pH, smell, and color. In dry matter disappearance rate in situ, commercial TMR (total mixed ration), OMSS and OMMM (oyster mushroom mycelium mass) showed no significant differences between the samples after 6, 12 and 24 h incubation except for 48 h. Two separate field studies were performed to test the effects of fOMSS supplement on the growth performance of postweaning Holstein calves. Field trials included groups of animals feeding calf starter supplemented with: Control (no supplement), AB (colistin 0.08% and oxyneo 110/110 0.1%), fOMSS (10% fOMSS) and fConc (10% fermented concentrate) and DFM (direct-fed microbials, average $10^9$ cfu for each of three LAB/d/head). Growth performance (average daily gain and feed efficiency) of the fOMSS supplement group was higher than that of AB followed by fConc and DFM even though there was no statistically significant difference. The Control group was lower than any other group. Various hematological values including IgG, IgA, RBC (red blood cell), hemoglobin, and hematocrit were measured every 10 days to check any unusual abnormality for all groups in trial I and II, and they were within a normal and safe range. Our results suggest that sawdust-based OMSS could be recycled after fermentation with three probiotic LAB strains as a feed supplement for post-weaning calves, and fOMSS has the beneficial effects of an alternative to antibiotics for a growth enhancer in dairy calves.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2012

본 실험은 in-vitro 실험을 통해 반추위 발효 성상에서 채소류 및 약용식물 중 사료 소화율을 저해시키지 않고 $CH_4$ 발생의 저감효과를 보인 마늘과 산사를 시험물질로 선정하여 섬유질배합사료로 공시한 후 $CO_2$ 및 $CH_4$ 발생량에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 시험기간은 3개월간 진행되었으며 반추위 cannula가 장착된 한우 암소 4두를 공시하였다. 호흡가스의 측정은 Hood-type chamber를 이용하여 다중가스검출기를 통해 24시간 동안의 호흡대사시험을 실시하였으며 챔버 내 환경온도는 $20^{\circ}C$를 유지하였다. 시험처리는 마늘과 산사를 첨가하지 않은 시판 섬유질배합사료를 급여한 대조구 (C), 마늘을 건물기준 0.5% 첨가한 섬유질배합사료 처리구 (T1), 마늘을 건물기준 1% 첨가한 섬유질배합사료 처리구 (T2), 산사를 건물기준 0.5% 첨가한 섬유질배합사료 처리구 (T3), 산사를 건물기준 1% 첨가한 섬유질배합사료 처리구 (T4), 마늘 및 산사를 0.5%씩 혼합 첨가한 섬유질배합사료 처리구 (T5), 마늘 및 산사를 1%씩 혼합 첨가한 섬유질배합사료 처리구 (T6)으로 구분하였다. 실험결과 $CO_2$와 $CH_4$ 발생량은 전체적으로 대조구보다 낮았다. 산사를 0.5% 단일 첨가한 처리구 3에서 가장 낮았으며 (p<0.05) 시간당 발생패턴도 타 처리구들에 비해 가장 변화가 적었다. 다음은 마늘을 1% 단일 첨가한 처리구 2에서 낮게 나타났으며 (p<0.05), 사료급여 후 1시간동안 급격한 변화를 나타내다가 2시간 이후부터 차츰 감소하였으며 하루 중 변화패턴과 유사하였다. 마늘 및 산사분말의 혼합으로 $CH_4$ 저감의 시너지 효과를 보기 위해선 첨가수준에 따른 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.