• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.103-111
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• 2013

With successful extraction of growth factors and bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) from mammalian teeth, many researchers have supported development of a bone substitute using tooth-derived substances. Some studies have also expanded the potential use of teeth as a carrier for growth factors and stem cells. A broad overview of the published findings with regard to tooth-derived regenerative tissue engineering technique is outlined. Considering more than 100 published papers, our team has developed the protocols and techniques for processing of bone graft material using extracted teeth. Based on current studies and studies that will be needed in the future, we can anticipate development of scaffolds, homogenous and xenogenous tooth bone grafts, and dental restorative materials using extracted teeth.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

Purpose: In this study the bone healing ability of autogenous tooth bone graft material as a substitute material was evaluated in a mini-pig cranial defect model through histologic examinations and osteonectin reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) quantitative analysis. Materials and Methods: A defect was generated in the cranium of mini-pigs and those without a defect were used as controls. In the experimental group, teeth extracted from the mini-pig were manufactured into autogenous tooth bone graft material and grafted to the defect. The mini-pigs were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks to histologically evaluate bone healing ability and observe the osteonectin gene expression pattern with RT-PCR. Result: At 4 weeks, the inside of the bur hole showed fibrosis and there was no sign of bone formation in the control group. On the other hand, bone formation surrounding the tooth powder granule was observed at 4 weeks in the experimental group where the bur hole was filled with tooth powder. Osteonectin gene expression; there was nearly no osteonectin expression in the control group while active osteonectin expression was observed from 4 to 12 weeks in the experimental group. Conclusion: We believe this material will show better results when applied in a clinical setting.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.42 no.10 s.281
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• pp.660-664
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• 2005

Hydroxyapatite powder was injected into the tooth after decayed tooth clinic. The microstructure of tooth was observed after a tooth extraction in the body. The hydroxyapatite powder was stiffened and the junction of hydroxyapatite powder and tooth was observed. The Ca/P atomic ratio of hydroxyapatite-tooth boundary was higher than hydroxyapatite matrix. And microhardness of hydroxyapatite matrix was 92.4 Hv. The junction of hydroxyapatite powder and tooth was due to the $Ca^{2+}$ ion shift of hydroxyapatite or the firm waxy body was due to setting of hydroxyapatite powder.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.62-66
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• 2004

A study for investigating the effects of the cutting conditions(feed rate, radial depth of cut, cutting speed) and the tool diameter on the circumferential geometry of the cyl indrically end-mi1led workpiece is described. In this work, the circumferential geometry is characterized by the roundness error. Experimental results show that the circumferential geometry is directly affected by the material removal per tooth,which is defined as a function of the cutting speed, the feed rate and the radial depth of cut. And, the radial depth of cut is revealed to be the most critical condition among them. It is also found that the roundness error decreases when the tool diameter is larger under the same cutting conditions.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 2013

Purpose: To report the successful results of using chin bone graft and autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) in alveolar cleft patients. Materials and Methods: Five patients with alveolar cleft defects underwent alveolar bone grafting. Three patients were treated using chin bone graft, and the other two patients underwent AutoBT graft. After implant site development using chin bone graft in the fi rst three cases, endosseous implant restorations were placed. In case #4 and 5, AutoBT graft material was placed to guide the normal eruption of partially impacted maxillary right canine and to the upper docking site after distraction osteogenesis. Result: Successful implant restorations with closure of the oronasal fistula were achieved in alveolar cleft defect reconstruction using either chin bone graft (Case #1, 2, 3) or AutoBT graft material (Case #4, 5). Case #4 showed enlarged follicle of the right maxillary canine, indicating a normal eruption guide pattern. Conclusion: Both chin bone graft and AutoBT graft showed favorable outcomes in reconstructing alveolar cleft defects. Autogenous tooth bone graft opens up the possibility of avoiding harvesting autogenous bone graft with complications and morbidities.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.236-250
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• 2018

Purpose: Resorption of the alveolar bone is an unavoidable consequence of tooth extraction when appropriate alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) measures are not taken. The objective of this trial was to test the hypothesis that dimensional changes in the alveolar bone after tooth extraction would be reduced by inserting an equine collagen membrane and a collagen cone to fill and seal the alveolus (as ARP), in comparison to extraction with untreated alveoli. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 31 patients were directly treated with the collagen material after extraction of a tooth from the maxilla (the ARP group). Twenty-nine patients served as the control group. After extraction, no further treatment (i.e., no socket preservation measures) was performed in the control group. Changes in the alveolar process immediately after extraction and after an 8 (${\pm}1$)-week healing period were evaluated 3-dimensionally. Blinded analyses were performed after superimposing the data from the digitalized impressions and surfaces generated by cone-beam computed tomography. Results: Both the ARP and control groups showed a reduction of bone in the alveolar area after tooth extraction. However, significantly less bone resorption was detected in the clinically relevant buccal region in the ARP group. The median bone reduction was 1.18 mm in the ARP group and 5.06 mm in the control group (P=0.03). Conclusions: The proposed hypothesis that inserting a combination material comprising a collagen cone and membrane would lead to a difference in alveolar bone preservation can be accepted for the clinically relevant buccal distance. In this area, implantation of the collagen material led to significantly less alveolar bone resorption. German Clinical Trials Register at www.drks.de, DRKS00004769.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 2011

Implants were placed after performing ridge expansion by inserting screws of gradually increasing thickness. Favorable clinical outcome was obtained. During surgery, buccal cortical plate fracture did not occur. Autogenous tooth bone graft material was grafted around the implant dehiscence defects and over the buccal cortical plate. The method involving the insertion of screws for ridge expansion is a successful and predictable technique for implant placement in narrow alveolar bone. Autogenous tooth bone graft material can be used for ridge augmentation and GBR.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.521-527
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• 2014

This case series evaluated the clinical efficacy of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) in alveolar ridge preservation of an extraction socket. Thirteen patients who received extraction socket graft using AutoBT followed by delayed implant placements from Nov. 2008 to Aug. 2010 were evaluated. A total of fifteen implants were placed. The primary and secondary stability of the placed implants were an average of 58 ISQ and 77.9 ISQ, respectively. The average amount of crestal bone loss around the implant was 0.05 mm during an average of 22.5 months (from 12 to 34 months) of functional loading. Newly formed tissues were evident from the 3-month specimen. Within the limitations of this case, autogenous tooth bone graft material can be a favorable bone substitute for extraction socket graft due to its good bone remodeling and osteoconductivity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.375-379
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• 2011

Introduction: This study examined the effect of autogenous tooth bone used as a graft material for bone regeneration in an artificial bony defect of minipigs. Materials and Methods: Four healthy minipigs, weighing approximately 35-40 kg, were used. Four standardized artificial two-walled bony defects, 5 mm in length and depth, were made on the bilateral partial edentulous alveolar ridge on the mandible of minipigs, and autogenous tooth bone was augmented in the right side as the experimental group. On the other hand, only alloplastic bone graft material HA was grafted with the same size and manner in the left side as the control group. All minipigs were sacrificed at 4 weeks after a bone graft and evaluated histologically by Haematoxylin-eosin staining. The specimens were also evaluated semi-quantitatively via a histomorphometric study. The percentage of new bone over the total area was evaluated using digital software for an area calculation. Results: All specimens were available but one in the left side (control group) and two in the right side (experimental group) were missing during specimen preparation. The amount of bone formation and remodeling were higher in all experimental groups than the control. The mean percentage area for new bone in the experimental and control groups was $43.74{\pm}11.96%$ and $30.79{\pm}2.93%$, respectively. Conclusion: Autogenous tooth bone is a good alternative to autogenous bone with the possible clinical feasibility of an autogenous tooth bone graft in the reconstruction of bony defects.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.120-126
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• 2013

Objectives: This study sought to elucidate the effect of autogenous tooth bone material by experimenting on minipig's maxillary sinus and performing histological and histomorphometric analyses. Materials and Methods: Five 18-24 month-old male minipigs were selected, and right maxillary sinuses were grafted with bone graft material made of their respective autogenous teeth extracted eight weeks earlier. The left sides were grafted with synthetic hydroxyapatite as control groups. All minipigs were sacrificed at 12 weeks after bone graft, which was known to be 1 sigma (${\sigma}$) period for pigs. Specimens were evaluated histologically under a light microscope after haematoxylin-eosin staining followed by semi-quantitative study via histomorphometric analysis. The ratio of new bone to total area was evaluated using digital software for calculation of area. Results: All specimens were available, except one on the right side (experimental group), which was missing during specimen preparation. This study demonstrated new bone at the periphery of the existing bone in both groups, showing evidence of bone remodeling, however, encroachment of new bone on the central part of the graft at the 1 ${\sigma}$ period was observed only in the autogenous tooth bone group (experimental group). Histomorphometric analysis showed more new bone formation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Although the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05), the mean percentage area for new bone for the experimental and control groups were $57.19%{\pm}11.16%$ and $34.07%{\pm}13.09%$, respectively. Conclusion: The novel bone graft material using autogenous tooth is a good alternative to autogenous bone, comparable to autogenous bone, and outperforming synthetic hydroxyapatite bone graft materials in terms of bone regeneration capacity. Augmentation with autogenous tooth bone materials will reduce donor site morbidity without hampering the safety of the autogenous bone graft.