• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2001

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate distribution of periodontal status and treatment need between smokers and nonsmokers. Methods : Interview and measurement was completed by 82 smoker students and 59 nonsmoker students in Taegu Health College from April 1 to 31, 2001. The community periodontal index of treatment needs(CPITN) was analyzed by percentage. Results : In distribution of CPITN by age, almost all subjects had periodontal diseases except for aged 20~24 years nonsmokers(4%). Smoking 5 cigarettes per a day, up to 10, and above 10 increased 5.3%. 7.1%. and 9.5% in 4 score of CPITN, respectively. In years of smoking, smokers who had above 5 years(13.5%) were higher than below those(6.7%), 20% for smoker who take tooth brushing once per a day had higher than 8.3%(or three in depth of pocket above 6mm. In treatment need, all subjects should take education(or oral health except for aged 20~24 years nonsmokers(4%), 96% of smokers and nonsmokers were need scaling. Conclusion : This study indicated that treatment needs for periodontal diseases and scaling in smoker were higher than nonsmoker those.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.1029-1038
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was examine a relationship those variables with health-related quality(HRQOL) of life in the elderly and provide basic information on HRQOL and evidence for establishing effective health policies for old ages ultimately. Methods : This research was conducted through individual interviews using a structured questionnaire and oral status examinations of 600 residents The data have been analyzed using $X^2$-test through PASW Statistics 18.0.0(SPSS Korea Datasolution Inc.) and Structural Equation Modeling through LISREL ver8.8. Results : According to the Structural Equation Modeling, independent variables which influence the health-related quality of life are as follows: sex the highest, followed by existence of chronic diseases, perceived health, age, perceived oral health the lowest. Parameters are as follows: oral health-related quality of life the highest, followed by subjective oral symptoms, and oral health status the lowest. Conclusions : In order to improve the quality of life of olds, it is not only necessary to improve perceived health through reduce of chronic diseases, but is also required to regular tooth check-up to reduce subjective oral symptoms for increase oral health-related quality of life.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.454-458
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• 2010

Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, which are caused by complex actions of oral such factors as the bacteria, food, tooth, saliva and other factors. Although this is one of the typical oral diseases, we can acquire a high prophylactic effect by use of proper prophylactic measures and management. At the beginning of the 1940s, fluorine was first introduced to prevent dental caries which now is widely used. The fluorine application effects are varied from different concentrations and categories of fluorine, and different application method and frequency, etc. There is great debate on the best application method at the present. Dental clinics use iontophoresis as the application method and use it clinically. It uses APF (1.23%, Acidulated phosphate fluoride, APF) and uses 2% NaF so as to encourage more absorption of fluorine. Recently, fluoride varnish, which uses admixture mucus of colophony resin into 5% NaF, and a variety of forms that can be applied in the oral cavity are still being continuously researched. When using fluoride topical application on the enamel surface, it was highly recommended that fluoride varnish be used directly after fluoride iontophoresis rather than fluoride iontophoresis only or fluoride varnish by itself. The new method is more effective and does not need repeated application.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2019

Korean society is experiencing a very rapid change in population aging. Oral diseases, including dental caries and periodontal disease, are usually cumulative and make oral health worse with age. Preventing tooth loss through the prevention and treatment of caries and periodontal diseases are essential for retaining oral function later in life. This study aimed to identify the trend in oral health status among elderlies over 65 years old, using major oral health indicators of Health Plan 2020. The fifth, sixth, and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI, VII) were used in the present study to estimate the number of remaining natural teeth, the rate of 20 or more natural teeth, the rate of chewing difficulty, and the rate of oral health check-up of elderly. The number of remaining natural teeth increased from 15.6 in 2010 to 17.1 in 2015, and the rate of 20 or more natural teeth also increased from 45.8% in 2010 to 53.7% in 2015. The rate of chewing difficulty was similar but declined a little from 44.3% in 2010 to 42.9% in 2017. Finally, the rate of oral health check-ups of the elderly increased significantly from 12.2% in 2010 to 21.1% in 2017.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.245-253
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• 2018

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 제6기(2015년) 원시자료를 이용하여 20~65세의 경제적인 능력을 갖고 있는 2,088명의 근로자를 최종연구대상자로 선정하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 경제활동자의 만성질환과 구강건강행태의 연관성을 조사하고 구강질환의 위험인자를 알아보기 위해 시행하였다. 연구결과 다음과 같다. 치아우식증은 주관적인 구강건강상태, 치통경험, 교정치료경험, 씹기문제, 말하기문제, 구강검진 및 치과의료기관이용과 관련성이 나타냈다. 치주질환은 구강건강상태, 치통경험, 교정치료경험, 씹기 및 말하기문제와 관련성을 나타냈다. 만성질환과 구강건강행태가 구강질환에 미치는 위험도는 다음과 같다. 정상에 비해 고혈압은 1.37배, 비만은 1.48배, 당뇨군은 1.5배, 저HDL-콜레스테롤혈증, 1.31배, A형 간염항체는 1.53배 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 건강상태는 좋은군에 비해 나쁜 상태가 치아우식증 1.70배, 치주질환 2.10배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 치통경험은 치아우식증 1.30배, 치주질환 1.35배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 씹기문제는 치아우식증 1.76배, 치주질환 1.78배, 스트레스는 치아우식증과 치주질환 모두 1.44배 높은 것으로 나타났다. 흡연자는 치아우식증 1.61배, 치주질환 1.63배 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 만성질환은 치주질환의 발생위험률을, 구강건강행태는 치아우식증과 치주질환의 발생위험률을 증가시키는 것으로 파악되었다. 치아우식증은 구강건강관리만 잘해준다면 만성질환으로 이활 될 위험도가 낮아지는 것으로 보이나, 치주질환은 만성질환과 구강건강관리 모두가 중요하다고 여겨진다.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2007

The stem cell research is emerging as a cutting edge topic for a new treatment for many chronic diseases. Recently, dental stem cell would be possible for regeneration of tooth itself as well as periodontal tissue. However, the study of the cell characterization is scarce. Therefore, we performed the genetic profiling and the characterization of mouse fetus/neonate derived dental tissue and cell to find the identification during dental development. We separated dental arch from mandibles of 14.5 d fetal mice and neonate 0 d under the stereoscope, and isolated dental cells primarily from the tissues. Then, we examined morphology and the gene expression profiles of the primary cells and dental tissues from fetus/neonate and adult with RT-PCR. Primary dental cells showed heterogeneous but the majority was shown as fibroblast-like morphology. The change of population doubling time levels (PDLs) showed that the primary dental cells have growth potential and could be expanded under our culture conditions without reduction of growth rate. Immunocytochemical and flow cytometric analyses were performed to characterize the primary dental cell populations from both of fetus (E14.5) and neonate. Alpha smooth muscle actin (${\alpha}-SMA$), vimentin, and von Willebrand factor showed strong expression, but desmin positive cells were not detected in the primary dental cells. Most of the markers were not uniformly expressed, but found in subsets of cells, indicating that the primary dental cell population is heterogeneous, and characteristics of the populations were changed during culture period. And mesenchymal stem cell markers were highly expressed. Gene expression profile showed Wnt family and its related signaling molecules, growth factors, transcription factors and tooth specific molecules were expressed both fetal and neonatal tissue. The tooth specific genes (enamelin, amelogenin, and DSPP) only expressed in neonate and adult stage. These expression patterns appeared same as primary fetal and neonatal cells. In this study we isolated primary cells from whole mandible of fetal and neonatal mice. And we investigated the characteristics of the primary cells and the profile of gene expressions, which are involved in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during tooth development. Taken together, the primary dental cells in early passages or fetal and neonatal mandibles could be useful stem cell resources.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2006

This study was intended to identify the pregnant women's oral health care behaviors and the necessity of active oral care so as to use in the dental hygiene education at dental clinics as basic materials to inform the importance of oral health during pregnancy and instruct how to improve it. And to suggest a dental service direction for dental hygienists, 150 pregnant women who visited the Ostetrics and Genecology Clinics located in tl,e north part of Cholla province were surveyed with questionnaire on their oral care behaviors, from september to October in 2004. The findings were as below: 1. 43.8% of the pregnant women have ever used the dental care institutes within the recent 3 months during pregnancy period. The purpose of the visits was mostly treatment of dental caries, accounting for 40.0%. Next came the treatment of periodontal diseases, accounting for 33.8%. 2. At dental care service, 84.7% of the pregnant women informed the clinic staff of their pregnancy, 12.0% of the pregnant women were having periodical oral examination. 3. 56.7% of the pregnant women have ever inquired about oral care methods, 24.0% of the pregnant women have ever taken any oral health education, of whom 47.1% had higher schooling over graduate school, with a statistically signifiant difference. 4. 55.3% of the pregnant women made changes in their oral care practice after they got pregnant. Change of oral care practices was more obvious in those who had higher schooling background, of whom specialist women accounted 76.9%. Change of oral care practices after pregnancy was statistically significantly different to the academic background and occupation. 5. Of the changes in oral care practice after pregnancy, 51.8% of the pregnant women answered they got sensitive to change in their oral status, and 39.8% increased the frequency of tooth brushing. 6. In selecting a tooth paste after they got pregnant, 58.0% of the women didn't give any special consideration to the kind of tooth paste, while 10.7% women as low selected such tooth pastes that contain fluoride. 7. Pregnant women's route for gathering oral care information was mostly mass media and Internet which accounted for 50.7%.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the survival of periodontally hopeless teeth that were intentionally extracted and replanted after a delay and to compare the radiographic characteristics of the survival group with those of the failure group. Methods: The clinical and radiographic data from patients who underwent delayed intentional replantation between March 2000 and July 2010 were reviewed. Twenty-seven periodontally hopeless teeth were extracted and preserved in medium supplemented with antibiotics for 10-14 days. The teeth were then repositioned in the partially healed extraction socket and followed for 3 to 21 months. The radiographic parameters were analyzed using a paired t test and the cumulative survival rate was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Seven replanted teeth failed and the overall cumulative survival rate was 66.4%. In the survival group, the amount of bone loss was reduced from 68.45% to 34.66% three months after replantation. There was radiologic and clinical evidence of ankylosis with 5 teeth. However, no root resorption was found throughout the follow-up period. In the failure group, bone formation occurred from the bottom of the socket. However, a remarkable radiolucent line along the root of a replanted tooth existed. The line lengthened and thickened as time passed. Finally, in each case of failure, the tooth was extracted due to signs of inflammation and increased mobility. Conclusions: Delayed intentional replantation has many advantages compared to immediate intentional replantation and could serve as an alternative treatment for periodontally involved hopeless teeth. However, techniques for maintaining the vitality of periodontal structures on the tooth surface should be developed for improved and predictable results.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.378-383
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• 2017

치아 변색을 일으키는 다양한 원인들이 있다. 혈중 빌리루빈의 증가도 치아변색을 일으킬 수 있는데 이는 드문 경우이나, 대부분 초록색 변색이 보고 되었다. 본 증례는 신생아 고빌리루빈혈증 병력이 있는 환아의 유치의 초록색 변색에 대한 것이다. 16개월, 22개월 두 남아가 맹출한 치아의 비정상적인 색을 주소로 내원하였다. 두 환아의 유치는 법랑질저형성증을 수반한 초록색 변색을 보였다. 두 환아 모두 저체중, 조산아였으며, 신생아 고빌리루빈혈증을 진단받았다. 전신적인 질환은 치아의 형성시기에 경조직에 영향을 줄 수 있으며, 변색도 일으킬 수 있다. 정상적인 치아 발육과 환아의 심미적 요구를 충족시키기 위해 정기적인 관찰이 필요하다. 소아치과의사는 유치열기의 변색을 먼저 관찰 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 증례들을 통해 치과의사는 치아변색에 대해 전신적 질환을 추론할 수 있다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.368-378
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• 2020

Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency may cause bone loss and increased inflammation, which are well-known symptoms of periodontal disease. This study investigated whether serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with periodontal disease status and tooth loss. Methods: Cross-sectional data from 5,405 individuals aged ≥50 years (2,253 males and 3,152 females) were obtained from the 2008-2010 Dong-gu study, a prospective cohort study of risk factors for chronic diseases. Periodontal examinations were conducted to evaluate the number of remaining teeth, the periodontal probing depth (PPD), the clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing. The percentages of sites with PPD ≥4 mm and CAL ≥4 mm were recorded for each participant. The severity of periodontitis was classified using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology case definitions. Serum 25(OH)D levels were classified as reflecting severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency, or sufficiency. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to assess the associations of serum 25(OH)D levels with periodontal parameters and the number of remaining teeth after adjusting for confounders including age, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, month of blood collection, and physical activity. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels and severe periodontitis. An overall statistical analysis and a stratified analysis by sex were performed. Results: Overall, the rates of severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency were 6.5%, 67.9%, 22.4%, and 3.2%, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, vitamin D levels were directly associated with the number of remaining teeth, an association that was significant in males, but not in females. Sufficient serum 25(OH)D was associated with a low frequency of severe periodontitis. Conclusions: This population-based cross-sectional study indicates that low serum 25(OH) D is significantly associated with tooth loss and severe periodontitis in Koreans aged 50 years and older.