• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-310
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify an effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation(PNF) on articulator function of the stroke patients. This study evaluated pre- and post- articulator function, targeting the test group for whom an program by PNF was applied, the contrast group for which an articulator training program was applied, and the control group for which no intermediation was made. Each program were performed total 24 times based on 3 times per 30~50 minutes. In result, MPT, AMR ,SMR of the test group were enhanced. AMR of the contrast group did not show any significant difference in /tə/, /rə/, and /a/. Therefore, Program by PNF is informed to have a effect in advancing the articulator function of the stroke patients, especially it was effective of the tongue movement.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2003

Object : This cross-sectional study was performed in order to evaluate the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia among the hospitalized schizophrenic patients. Methods : Four hundred nineteen hospitalized schizophrenic patients(male=263, female=156) were recruited for this study. They were treated with antipsychotics for more than 3 months. The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia was assessed by the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. Results : The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia was 35.6%(Male=36.9%, Female 33.3%). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia among male and female schizophrenic patients. The prevalence of tardive dyskinesia among the patients over 30years old was much higher than those below 30years old. There were no significant correlations between the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia and the duration of hospitalization, the total amount of antipsychotics. The frequently involved parts of the body in the schizophrenic patients who have tardive dyskinesia were tongue, upper extremity, lips and perioral area, jaw, lower extremity, muscles of facial expression trunk, respectively. Conclusions : There was significant correlation between the age and the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia in the antipsychotic-treated schizophrenic patients. There were no correlations between the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia and gender difference, the duration of hospitalization, the total amount of antipsychotics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.307-314
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• 2017

In this study, a minimum amount of the vertical occlusion was secured differently in each type of mandibular advance devices snoring and Class I malocclusion patients wore these devices. This study analyzes, after the use of devices, a different amount of the vertical occlusion results in a change of the area of upper airway by additional changes such as mandibular position, muscle changes, tongue position. The higher the vertical amount, the area of the upper airway was shown smaller, And if the patient's tongues was prevented from the distal movement, the area of the upper airway had increased, To reduce snoring, doctors should accurately diagnose patients' occlusal relationships and select a MAD snoring that is appropriate for the occlusion. The dental technician who builds the selected device should also consider design settings such as the amount of vertical occlusion, the finish lines, and the thickness of the device to increase the effectiveness of the device.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.39
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• pp.22.1-22.9
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• 2017

Background: Two-jaw surgery including mandibular and maxillary backward movement procedures are commonly performed to correct class III malocclusion. Bimaxillary surgery can reposition the maxillofacial bone together with soft tissue, such as the soft palate and the tongue base. We analyzed changes of pharyngeal airway narrowing to ascertain clinical correlations with the prevalence of snoring after two-jaw surgery. Methods: A prospective clinical study was designed including a survey on snoring and three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) in class III malocclusion subjects before and after bimaxillary surgery. We conducted an analysis on changes of the posterior pharyngeal space find out clinical correlations with the prevalence of snoring. Results: Among 67 subjects, 12 subjects complained about snoring 5 weeks after the surgical correction, and examining the 12 subjects after 6 months, 6 patients complained about the snoring. The current findings demonstrated the attenuation of the largest transverse width (LTW), anteroposterior length (APL), and cross-sectional area (CSA) following bimaxillary surgery given to class III malocclusion patients, particularly at the retropalatal level. The average distance of maxillary posterior movements were measured to be relatively higher (horizontal distance 3.9 mm, vertical distance 2.6 mm) in case of new snorers. Conclusions: This study found that bimaxillary surgery could lead to the narrowing of upper airway at the retropalatal or retroglossal level as well as triggering snoring in subjects with class III malocclusion. Based on the current clinical findings, we also found that upper airway narrowing at retropalatal level may contribute to increasing the probability of snoring and that polysonography may need to be performed before orthognathic surgery in subjects with class III malocclusion.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.473-476
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• 2010

Purpose: Torus palatinus is a bony prominence at the middle of the hard palate. The size varies from barely discernible to very large, from flat to lobular. This oral exostosis is not a disease or a sign of disease, but if large, may be a problem. So, we present the clinical and histopathologic features and applied therapy and provide a comprehensive review of the rare case of the symptomatic exostoses. Methods: A 37-year-old woman had slowly growing exophytic nodular mass of the bone that arises the midline suture of the hard palate. The patient was concerned about discomfort associated with movement of her tongue and about frequent irritation of the palatal mucosa during mastification of the hard food. The patient had a large, unilobulated torus palatinus. It extended from the area adjacent to the canine to a point beyond the junction with the soft palate. The mass was oblong in shape, measuring about 3 cm long, 2 cm wide, and 0.8 cm in height. Results: Before surgical intervention a CT was obtained for the sake of estimating the thickness of the bone between the exostoses and the maxillary antrum and floor of the nose. The surgical procedure was performed with the patient under general anesthesia. Removal of the exostosis was performed after midline mucoperiosteal incision with osteotome and diamond burr. Histologic finding revealed decalcified dense bony tissue, the presence of lacunae, and normal osteocytes. Conclusion: Surgical removal is recommended when one or more of the following condition exist: interference with the construction of prosthesis, interference with oral function, irritation or pathology of the overlying tissue, inability of the patient to maintain proper oral hygiene, and fear of malignancy or other psychologic trauma. We report a rare case of the torus arising in hard palate with symptoms.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2021

The mandible has a smaller support area than the maxilla, and in particular, in patients with generalized alveolar bone resorption, the stability of the denture and the masticatory efficiency are significantly low in the case of conventional complete denture, due to the movement of the tongue and mandible. In these patients, implant overdenture is evaluated as a highly predictable treatment method with high retention and stability, and excellent pronunciation and masticatory force. In this clinical case, patient had an edentulous maxilla and generalized alveolar bone resorption in mandible. Therefore, complete denture was placed in the maxilla and implant overdenture using milled bar attachment on 4 implants was placed in the mandible. During the 12-year follow-up period, changes in periodontal tissue and denture around the implants were periodically managed and observed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide the general history of fostering dentists in Japan and introducing their new roles. This research was conducted based on the government policy report on dentists and the information published by each educational institution. Based on the collected data, the official websites were used to represent the latest statistics of the institutions. The number of dentists in Japan has increased. The government established the National Examination for Dentists to guarantee the quality of dentists. After the standards for developing questions for the national examination were established in 1985, the contents of the examination have been appropriately improved by revising the standards every four years. This improvement has required dental students to study a variety of subjects for six years at dental school. Since dentists in Japan are required to respond to various demands from the nation; the Model Core Curriculum for Dental Education was developed to teach medical ethics and abilities to ensure that dentists conduct themselves professionally. Recently, the roles of dentists have been changing in Japan. When providing dental services to older patients over the age of 65, dentists and other dental professions focus on maintaining oral functions, such as saliva secretion, bite force, tongue movement, and masticatory/swallowing functions. However, oral function-related services for children are different. In addition to providing essential dental services, dental practitioners also provide special treatment, such as oral muscle training, myofunctional therapy, health guidance, and space retainers to the child patients with developmental insufficiency in oral functions. Dentistry in Japan has undergone numerous changes over the years and has continued to offer high-quality dental health services. Thus, information gained from the Japanese experience may be helpful to dental professions in other developed countries for planning oral health measures.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.401-406
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the position of the hyoid bone and soft palate and the amount of airway space after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (B-SSRO). Methods: This study is a review of lateral cephalometric tracings of 30 patients who underwent B-SSRO with setbacks at Kyunghee Dental Hospital from 2005 to 2009. Lateral cephalograms were taken before (T0), within one month (T1), and more than six months after the surgery (T2). Results: The hyoid bone at T1 changed significantly towards the inferoposterior position. At T2, it had significantly moved superiorly, but not anteriorly. At T1, the nasopharyngeal space, extending from the posterior nasal spine to the posterior pharyngeal space, decreased significantly, but did not show a significant increase at T2. The nasopharyngeal space, extending from the middle of soft palate to the posterior pharyngeal space, decreased significantly at T1, but did not show a significant decrease at T2. The oropharyngeal airway space decreased significantly at T1 and did not return to its original position at T2. The hypopharyngeal space, extending from the anterior to the posterior pharyngeal space at the level of the most anterior point of the third cervical vertebrae, slightly decreased at T1, but the amount was insignificant; however, the amount of decrease at T2 was significant. The hypopharyngeal space extending from the anterior to the posterior pharyngeal space at the level of the lowest point of the third cervical vertebrae, decreased significantly at T1 but returned to its original position at T2. Conclusion: B-SSRO changes the position of the hyoid bone and muscles inferoposteriorly. These change allows enough space for the tongue and prevent airway obstruction. Airway changes may be related to post-operative edema, posterior movement of the soft palate, anteroposterior movement of the hyoid bone, or compensation for decreased oral cavity volume. The position of the pogonion which measures anterior relapse after surgery did not show significant differences during the follow-up period.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2007

It is necessary that current oral health education should be not only focused on grade schoolers, but provided for even junior and senior high schools on regular basis in favor of higher level of knowledge about dental health and the habituation of oral health promotion behaviors. So this study took total 288 respondents as sample from Grade 3 of 'C' high school(Suncheon city, Jeonnam) to examine their experiences in oral health education, their awareness of needs for oral health education and their demands for oral health education in the interest of providing basic materials for effective oral health education. 1. As the result of researching health awareness, 13.9% respondents answered that they didn't have good total body health, while 33.3% respondents felt that they didn't have good oral health. That is, more respondents felt that their oral health is not good, rather than total body health is. 2. For daily toothbrushing frequency, it was found that most respondents(62.6%) brushed their teeth 3 times a day, And for toothbrushing methods, it was found that 35.5% used manual toothbrushing(up-and-down toothbrushing movement) and 30.0% used semi-automatic toothbrushing(rotational movement). On the other hand, majority(89.4%) of respondents conducted tongue brushing, but only 10.8% benefited from dental examination on regular basis. 3. 28.1% respondents had experiences in oral health education. Out of them, 69.3% felt moderate satisfaction at the education. Majority(91.2%) of respondents were instructed once in oral health education, and 82.7% respondents were instructed in the oral health via practices(toothbrushing guidance). 77.8% respondents were instructed in the oral health at dental clinics. 4. As the result of surveying demands related to oral health education, 92.3% respondents answered that they need regular oral health education, and 82.9% respondents answered that they need oral health technicians in school. And 87.8% respondents needed individual oral health education for the benefit of better oral health.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.315-321
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• 2007

Removable appliance has many utilities in pediatric dentistry in the fields of space maintainance or occlusal guidance. In contrast to maxilla, many problems have occurred with mandible in using removable appliance such as deteriorated retention, inconvenience and patient's unwillingness to wear. It is probably due to adapting several retentive clasps at buccal side of the tooth, where there is actually little or no undercut especially in young children having the erupting teeth Moreover, acrylic base plate of conventional removable appliance is located at lingual parts, which leads to the conflict with alveolar crest undercut and sublingual soft tissues. Moreover, young children frequently do not follow the dentist's direction to elevate tongue properly during the impression taking process. Throughout this study, the position of clasps and acrylic baseplate was changed opposite to the traditional Hawley acrylic appliance in order to make a buccal acrylic appliance with buccal base plate and lingual clasp into primary dentition and early mixed dentition. This study was performed for the purpose of evaluating the buccal acrylic appliance in regards of patient compliance, retention and efficiency compared with traditional lingual acrylic appliance along with its merits and demerits. Buccal and lingual acrylic appliance were applied to 5 cases respectively which required space maintaining and tooth movement, and drew a comparison in relevance to patients' compliance, combination with the tongue's function and clinical effectiveness. According to this study, in every case buccal appliance was proved superior to lingual appliance in terms of retention and patients' compliance. Moreover, buccal appliance has shown to be similar to lingual appliance with respect to clinical effectiveness. Throughout this study, it was thought that, if removable appliance is to be applied to mandible, several drawbacks related to conventional lingual appliance shall be resolved. Conclusively, the buccal acrylic appliance is thought to be a good alternative in designing a mandibular appliance in young children and recommended to clinical applications.