• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.227-232
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• 1981

1981년 하계중 진해만에서는 3차에 걸친 대규모의 적조가 있었다. 이들 적조는 그 규모나 원인종, 농도, 머문기간에 있어 남해안궤서 그 유예가 없었던 악성적조었다. 그로 인한 수산물 피해액만도 약 17억3천4백만으로 추정되었다. 1차 적조는 7월 18, 19일부터 시작되어 7월말까지 계속되었으며, 2차는 8월중순에 그리고 3차는 9월초순에 있었다. 주 원인종은 와편모조의 일종인 Gymnodinium sp.로서 외부형태로 보아 1963년 일본 대촌만에서 있었던 적조의 원인종인 Gymnodinium 65년도형과 유사하였으나 확인할 수는 없었다. 적조시의 수색은 암갈색이었고 세포양은 주로 표면에서 수심 악 2m층까지 농밀하여 심한 경우 투명도는 0.1 m이었다. 최고세포수는 약 20만cells/ml 이었고 이때 클로로필-a양은 약 $1,000mg/m^3$ 이었다. 용존산소양은 $2\sim3ml/1$인 경우가 많았고 최하 1ml/l이 발견되었다. 1차 적조 후기핀 양식굴 및 흥합의 폐사가 나타났고 2차 적조가 사라진8월 16, 17일에는 게. 고동. 새우유 등과 양태류, 볼락, 까나리 등의 사체가 조류에 밀려 해안에서 발견되었다. 금번 적조의 특징은 원인종이 악성인 Gymnodinium sp. 이고 내년에도 재발할 수 있는 가능성이 있다는 점이다. 발생원인은 일본 대촌만 적조의 경우처럼 다우후 고온의 지속과 저이중 다양의 유화물이 주요인자라 추측된다.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 1993

Various scales of red tides have frequently occurred in the southern coastal waters of the Korean Penninsula since the late 1970's. Because most shellfish and finfish farms in Korea are located in the southern coastal waters, the impacts of red tides on the aquaculture have been increasing significantly. The Puksin Bay is one of the places where red tides have occurred almost every year since the early 1980's. During $1990\~1991$, mass mortalities of aquacultural species by the red tides were recorded. The causative organisms in this period were Leplocylindrus danicu(November '90 and June '91), Skeletonema costatum(December '90 and August '91), Nitzschia seriata(August '91), and Gymnodinium splendens(July '91). The maximum chlorophyll-a content was $265.7{\mu}g/l$ in the tides. Frequent red tides are associated with the eutropication of the bay. Some relationships between red tides' occurrence and europhication are herein discussed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.585-593
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• 2021

This study was done to provide an analytical overview on the latest malaria infection clusters by evaluating temporal trends during 2010-2019 in Korea. Incheon was the most likely cluster (MLC) for all cases of malaria during the total period. MLCs for P. falciparum, vivax, malariae, ovale, and clinically diagnosed malaria without parasitological confirmation were Jeollanam-do, Incheon, Gangwon-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, and Jeollabuk-do, respectively. Malaria was decreasing in most significant clusters, but Gwangju showed an increase for all cases of malaria, P. vivax and clinically diagnosed cases. Malaria overall, P. falciparum and P. vivax seem to be under control thanks to aggressive health measures. This study might provide a sound scientific basis for future control measures against malaria in Korea.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.670-676
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• 2006

We investigated the general composition, fatty acid composition and mineral content of ten kinds of marketed(3 domestic and 7 imported) mackerels. The moisture contents of domestic mackerels ranged from $62.9{\sim}67.8%$, and those of imported mackerels ranged from $61.1{\sim}74.7%$. Ash content was less than 2% in all mackerels. Crude protein content was greatest in Oman mackerel(24.1%) and lowest in UK mackerel(19.7%). Lipids contents ranged from 1.4%(Chile mackerel) to 19.7% (UK mackerel); mackerels with high lipid content tend to have low moisture content. Saturated fatty acids ranged from 18.2% to 31.1% of the total fatty acids content. The mackerel imported from Chile(26.8%) contained the least monoenes, while UK mackerel monoene content(48.7%) was highest. Polyenes were lowest in Tong-yeong mackerel(30.9%) and highest in Chile mackerel(50.0%). DHA content was highest in Chile mackerel(36.4%) and lowest in USA mackerel(14.6%). The mineral content of mackerels were in increasing order; K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn and P. The K, Na, Mg and Ca content ranged from $261{\sim}420$, $261{\sim}420$, $37{\sim}176$, $34{\sim}49$ and $5{\sim}22mg/100g$, respectively.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2017

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among the residents of Cheorwon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, which partly includes the demilitarized zone (DMZ), were surveyed for 4 years and evaluated by RDT using recombinant fragment of major surface antigen (SAG1A). Sera from 1336, 583, 526, and 583 adult residents were collected on a yearly basis from 2010 to 2013, respectively. The total positive seroprevalence was 19.3, 21.9, 23.4, and 26.8% from 2010 to 2013, respectively. The positive seroprevalence in men (23.6, 27.5, 29.5, 34.6%) was far higher than women (14.1, 18.3, 19.4, 21.4%), from 2010 to 2013, respectively. This high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in Cheorwon-gun may have been influenced in part by its geographical locality of the area as it includes the DMZ, where civilian access is strictly limited, thus creating a relatively isolated area that is a well-preserved habitat. Further research is necessary to study the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in this area.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.9-13
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• 2017

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among the residents of Seokmo-do (Island) in Ganghwa-gun, Incheon, Korea was surveyed for 4 years by a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) using recombinant fragment of major surface antigen (SAG1), GST-linker-SAG1A. Sera from 312, 343, 390, and 362 adult residents were collected on a yearly basis from 2010 to 2013, respectively. Total positive seroprevalence regardless of gender was 29.2, 35.3, 38.7, and 45.3% from 2010 to 2013, respectively. Positive seroprevalence in male adults was 43.9, 48.2, 45.4, and 55.3%, which was far higher than that of the corresponding female adults which was 20.7, 29.2, 33.9, and 38.9%, from 2010 to 2013, respectively. This high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in Seokmo-do may have been caused in part by peculiar changes in the toxoplasmic environment of the island as it is a relatively isolated area preserving its natural habitat while also being connected by a bridge to the mainland. Further study is necessary to find out symptomatic patients and to confirm the risk factors.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 2014

This article is for understanding dementia with the perspective of Korean Medicine through research on syndrome differentiations of dementia clinically applied and relations between modern diseases and Korean Medicine pattern types of dementia. clinical papers were searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) from 2012 to 2013. Conclusions are as follows. First, dementia was expressed in many ways such as imbecility, stupidity, fatuity, idiocy, vacuity, etc and was related with amnesia, forgetfulness, speech not in the right order, depressive psychosis(quiet insanity), manic psychosis, depression syndrome. Second, prescriptions such as QiFuYin and ZuoGuiWan from JingYueQuanShu, XiXinTang and ZhiMiTang from BianZhengLu, TongQiaoHuoXueTang, XueFuZhuYuTang and BuYangHaiWuTang from YiLinGaiCuo, HaiShaoDan from YiFangJiJie, HuangLianJieDuTang from WaiTaiMiYao were suggested for dementia. Third, syndrome differentiation pattern types of dementia are kidney deficiency and marrow decrease, qi-blood depletion, liver-kidney depletion, spleen-kidney depletion, heart-spleen deficiency as deficiency patterns and effulgent heart-liver fire, ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm turbidity obstructing orifice, phlegm-blood stasis obstructing orifice, intense heat toxin as excess patterns and qi deficiency with blood stasis, yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity as deficiency-excess complex patterns. Major pattern types are kidney deficiency and marrow decrease, phlegm-blood stasis obstructing orifice, qi stagnation and blood stasis, liver-kidney depletion, phlegm turbidity obstructing orifice.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.121-128
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• 1989

Volatile compounds were collected by simultaneous distillation extraction and carbon dioxide method, and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The neutral fraction obtained from the whole steam volatile concentrate 55 kinds of components, phenolic fraction had 4 kinds of components, basic fraction had 13 kinds of components and 10 kinds of components were in acidic fraction. Alcohols, propanols, butanols, octanols, dodecanols etc. and aldehydes, pentanals, hexanal, 2-methyl-1-propanal, heptenal etc. were highly increased after boiled and roasted. And these compounds were contributed to formation of filefish flavor. The molecular ion peak of phenolic fraction was generally appeared in the range 100 to about 160. From the basic fraction, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-ethyl-3,5-di-methylpyrazine and 2-methylpyridine were identified. The contents of basic compounds and furans obtained from the neutral fraction were increased at the higher heating temperature. The flavor of acidic fraction was influenced by the low molecular as isovaleric and valeric acid.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 1994

The desmutagenic effects of seaweed and vegetable extracts were investigated on the mutagenicity of Maillard reaction products (MRP) obtained from equimolar amounts of glucose and amino acid (arginine and lysine${\cdot}$HCl) for Salmonella typhimurium TA 100 without S9 mix. The mutagenicities were inhibited by water-soluble extracts of seaweeds(laver, sea-straghorn, sea-mustard and tangle) and vegetables(ginger, garlic, onion, chinese-pepper, green-onion and cabbage). Cabbage, chinese-pepper, green-onion and sea-straghorn exhibited especially high desmutagenic effects. The desmutagenicities of these extracts(cabbage, green-onion and sea-straghorn) except for sea-straghorn were decreased by heat treatment at $100^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. It is assumed that the desmutagenic effect of seaweed and vegetable extract is due to the reducing power and action of enzyme such as peroxidase and catalase.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.529-537
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• 1993

Several methods were examined for purification of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) from skipjack Euthynnus pelamis orbital tissue oil, a marine by-product, and a modified method for isolation of a high purity DHA was proposed. Skipjack orbital tissue contained $55.4\%$ of total lipid(TL), and DHA accounted for $23.7\%$ of the TL. Application of low-temperature crystallization and urea inclusion compound methods to the orbital fatty acid mixture resulted in increases of DHA concentrations to approximately $46\%\;and\;61\%$, respectively. These methods were suitable for large production of DHA with relative low purity because of the simple purification procedure. DHA of approximately $74\%$ in purity was obtained by silver nitrate aqueous solution method, but the method gave a very low recovery($<10\%$). Silver nitrate-impregnated silica column chromatography was suitable for purification of a high purity DHA(purity, $>98\%$ and recovery, $>90\%$) A modified method, silver nitrate-impregnated silica column chromatography combined with low-temperature crystallization(two step purication method) was proposed as the most effective method to obtain DHA with high purity($99.9\%$) from the skipjack orbital oil.