• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.157-164
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• 2020

The reinforcement of the token, which is based on the token economy currently applied in blockchain-based cryptography, plays a critical role in forming the cryptographic-related ecosystem. Therefore, in this paper, it was investigated the reinforcement principle of token supporting the Token economy for blockchain model. In order to create a healthy ecosystem based on the reinforcement system principle, it is necessary to find ways to secure scalability by seeking consensus between the participants and the market economy structure so that it can generate an influx of more participants than seeking to maximize profits of certain people. Desirable behavior is defined as an action required by ecosystem participants that have the property of making the token ecosystem sustainable, and to do so, each individual receives appropriate incentives (rewards) when taking this action, ultimately encouraging voluntary participation and action by all participants in the ecosystem to optimize the interests of both individuals and participants. The expected benefit of this study may contribute to the establishment of various business models based on the principle of the reinforcement system.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.69-77
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• 2000

Oral medication is the most frequent treatment measure for follow up treatment, which is leading by childrens' parents for them. In medication for preoperational children, they tend to concentrate the result rather than the motivation or cause. So, they frequently refuse medication which has bitter taste. So this study was attempted to develop token economy program which promote children's medication and help their parents, and to evaluate its' effect to construct the experimental ground. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group posttest only design. The subjects of this study were 36 children who were aged 3-6 years and admitted pediatric ward because of their respiratory disease. Token economy program was consisted of cartoon record paper with stickers which expresses the better medication is taken the more germs die, and gift was given for back up reinforcer. To evaluate this program, time for oral medication was measured to both experimental group and control group. To determine the effect of the program, the data were analyzed by the SAS 6.12 program with t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Between experimental group and control group, there was no significant difference (t=-1.2411, P=0.2374). Therefore, the hypothesis of this study was rejected. In conclusion, the token economy program for follow up care didn't change the children's behavior of oral medication. But it was found that the cartoon on recording paper gave a pleasure to participated children. Parents who were in experimental group expressed their appreciation for token economy program. So it can be said that the token economy program for follow up care was effective in inducing the children's pleasure and parents' satisfaction even though it wasn't successful in experiment. If the measuring tools for token economy program was made with well planned design and high reliability, it can be improved the effectiveness of that To develope the theoretical bases of nursing care, the well planned programs and measuring tools for them should be developed.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.17 no.2 s.94
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• pp.35-37
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• 1978

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.318-327
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• 1999

Oral medication is one of the most frequent treatment in clinical care. and frequently refused by children. Children's refusal spends unuseful time and require nurses'Patience. So this study was attempted to develop token economy Program which Promote children's medication. and to evaluate its' effect to construct the experimental ground. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects of this study were 48 children who were aged 3-12 years and admitted pediatric ward because of their respiratory disease. Token economy program was consisted of cartoon record paper with stickers which expresses the better medication is taken the more germs die, and gift was given for back up reinforcer. To evaluate this Program. time spent for oral medication was measured six time to both experimental group and control group. and measured the perceived effectiveness of this program by nurses. To determine the effect of the program, the data were analyzed by the SAS 6.12 Program with t-test and mean, standard deviation. The results of this study were as follows: 1 In experimental group, time spent for oral medication was significantly shorter than in control group(t=5.24. p=0.0001). Therefore, the hypothesis of this study was strongly accepted. 2. Nurses perceived this program as an effective one(mean=3.125～3.792). The effectiveness occurred before. during and after medication as well as in parental responses, especially in using verbal dissatisfaction after medication. In conclusion. it was found that the token economy program for admitted children was effective in inducing the children's behavior of oral medication. There was no effectiveness in very highly anxious children Whereas, it is recommended that this program should not be used for such children until they settle down. If the token economy program was made in various situation with creative thinking, it will be very useful nursing measurement, especially in caring for children. To improve the qualify of nursing care, the various programs, which can give joyfulness to stressed patients should be developed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.1062-1069
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• 2012

Purpose: Meager research has been carried out to determine the effectiveness of the token economy among patients behaving violently in mental hospitals. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the Short-Term Token Economy (STTE) on violent behavior among chronic psychiatric in-patients. Methods: A nonequivalent control group design method was utilized. Participants in an experimental group (n=22) and control group (n=22) took part in this study from January to April, 2008. Observation on aggressive behavior among male in-patients in one hospital as a baseline was made during the week before the behavior modification program and measurement of aggressive behavior was done using the Overt Aggression Scale (OAS), which includes verbal attacks, property damage and physical attacks. Results: The aggressive behavior scores of the experimental group decreased, those of the control group, scores showed an increase after the eight-week behavior modification program utilizing STTE. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that STTE is effective in reducing the incidence of aggressive behavior among male in-patients in psychiatric hospitals. The outcome of this study should be helpful in reducing the use of coercive measures or psychoactive medication in controlling the violent behavior among in-patients in hospitals.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.66-79
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to develop a respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschoolers and measure it's effects. Method: The respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschoolers consisted of texts, cartoons, photographs, discussions, demonstrations, puzzle games, die games, compensation/reinforcement, and token economy which were directed under the systematic design of instruction by Dick ％amp; Carey. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group with pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 45 preschool children who are attending 3 different district nursery schools and they were matched by the age, pretest knowledge, and pretest behavior. The instrument used in this study was criterion referenced test items that were developed by a researcher for evaluating the subject's knowledge, attitude, and behavior about respiratory communicable disease prevention. A pretest was administered a week before treatment. Experimental group Ⅰ was administered by the treatment of respiratory communicable disease prevention program. Experimental group Ⅱ was administered by above program with token economy program. The posttest was conducted on the eighth day. The third test for behavior was completed 15th day. To determine the effect of the program, the data were analyzed by the SAS 6.12 program with Kruskal Wallis test, ANCOVA, ANOVA, Duncan's test and paired t-test. Result: 1) There was a significant difference in knowledge between the experimental groups and control group(F=5.89, P=0.0197). 2) There was a significant difference in attitude between the experimental groups and control group(F=3.29, P=0.0469). 3) There was a non-significant difference in behavior between the experimental groups and control group(F=0.00, P=0.9512). 4) In the experimental groupⅡ, there was highly significant increase in behavior after token economy(t=4.5252, P=0.0005). Conclusion: It was found that the respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschool children was effective in changing the preschoolers' knowledge and attitude on the respiratory communicable disease prevention, but not enough for changing the preschoolers' behavior. Token economy was improved as an effective and strong method for inducing desirable changes of preschoolers' behavior.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.128-134
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and function of tokens to form a healthy blockchain-based ecosystem. Tokens must be constructed in a way that enhances their desired behavior to grow into a healthy token economy. The actions required of ecosystem participants in designing tokens should enable each individual to receive appropriate incentives (rewards) and encourage voluntary participation in taking this action. Also, all ecosystem participants must design to make the token ecosystem self-sustainable by generating profits. For example, in Bitcoin's proof-of-work method, mining is designed as a desirable behavior. Token-based services should be designed to induce multiple engagements, to design penalties for undesirable behavior, and to take into account evolutionary development potentials. Besides, the economic value of the entire token ecosystem will increase if the value that is designed and designed to take into account the revolutionary Innovation Possibility is greater than the reward amount paid to tokens. This study will contribute to presenting relevant service model by presenting how to design tokens and criteria when establishing blockchain-based service model. Future research is needed to discover new facts through a detailed comparative analysis between Tokennomics models.

• Review of Korean Society for Internet Information
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2018

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 2024

In this paper, we are interested in how creator economy startups allowing creators to make money from doing that they love. So, we look at European creator economy startups among Web3.0 business model landscape surveyed in 2022, because the US is home of Web2.0 giant platforms like YouTube. Totally seventeen European startups are investigated, and the theoretical logic is the disruptive innovation. We firstly review the survey published in 2022 and utilize the theory of the disruptive innovation to design the research framework including questions with each type of the disruptive innovation. In this paper, we firstly show, Kalao and Gem as NFT ecosystem platforms aim at service convenience. Secondly, Talkbase, Passionfroot, Bildr, Customuse, and Earnr aim at providing creator tools for under-skilled customers. Lastly, when it comes direct monetization with a decentralized business model, CrowdPad, Admix, GOALS, Realm, Dropstar, Pianity, Sonomo, Stage11, Miiji, and ReadyPlayerMe are representative. Despite the relatively small data size, the results are meaningful as they contribute to a more profound comprehension of the Web3.0 business models and offer guidance for future research directions.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.95-109
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• 2022

A blockchain based platform can ensure data integrity, reliability, and security by applying distributed processing and encryption technology for transaction records. In the existing knowledge sharing platform, the created knowledge could not be shared or utilized sufficiently due to information asymmetry and centralization. However little research has been done so far on this area. In this study, we will examine case studies and development potentials for blockchain based knowledge sharing platforms based on previous studies of blockchain technology, token economy, knowledge sharing, motivation theory, and social exchange theory. Blockchain based platforms can contribute to the activation of knowledge sharing, by resolving information asymmetry, simplifying unnecessary work procedures through unified knowledge sharing flow and excluded centralization of authority by decentralization, and strengthening access and utilization of the knowledge produced by the platform.