• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
• /
• pp.135-135
• /
• 2002

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.138-146
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 잎담배처리공정 및 궐련제조공정에서 분리되어 배출되는 바이오매스 중에서 가장 많은 양을 차지하는 황색종 주맥 바이오매스의 화학성분, 세포벽 물질 조성 및 비등온 조건에서의 열분해 특성에 대해 분석평가 하였다. 주맥 바이오매스에는 전건시료 기준으로 조회분이 19.1%, 전당성분은 20.7%로 다량 함유되어 있었고, 무기원소 중에는 칼륨이 3.8%, 개별당 중에는 fructose 함량이 6.2%로 가장 많은 것으로 분석되었다. 세포벽 성분 중 리그닌 함량은 3%로 낮았지만 펙틴의 함량은 7%로 높았으며, 홀로셀룰로오스는 전체의 13% 정도를 차지하였고, 이중 $\alpha$-셀룰로오스의 함량은 약 60%, 나머지는 $\beta$와 $\gamma$-셀룰로오스로 나타났다. 공기기체 조건과 질소기체 조건에서 황색종 주맥의 열분해 특성은 서로 다르게 나타났는데, 특히 산소가 존재하는 공기기체 조건에서는 $473^{\circ}C$와 $581^{\circ}C$ 온도에서 질소기체 조건에서는 나타나지 않는 열감량 피크들이 DTG 곡선에서 나타났으며, 이 중 $581^{\circ}C$ 온도에서의 피크는 열수추출하여 용해성분을 제거한 주맥의 열분해 시에는 발생하지 않았다. 분리된 용해성 성분을 냉동건조 시킨 후 열감량 분석을 실시한 결과 이 피크가 용해성 성분에서 기인된 것임을 확인할 수 있었다. 주맥 바이오매스의 헤미셀룰로오스와 셀룰로오스 열분해 특성차이는 질소기체 조건에서 더욱 확실하게 구별되어 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.156-161
• /
• 1982

인삼산지포장(人蔘産地圃場)에서 토양유기물함량(土壤有機物含量)은 토양수분(土壤水分)과 근수량(根收量)과 유의정상관을 보였다. 토양수분(土壤水分)은 근수량(根收量), 경직경, 경장, 유의정상관을, 지상부(地上部) 상대 결주율(缺株率), 낙엽율(落葉率), 반점병리병율(斑点病罹病率)과는 유의부상관을 보였다. 현(現) 재배법으로 칸당 2kg 이상(以上)의 수량(收量)을 내려면 토양수분(土壤水分)이 17% 이상(以上) 유기물(有機物)은 2%이상 이어야 할 것으로 나타났고 이에 미달(未達)인 포장(圃場)이 58% 였으며 이들은 대부분(大部分) 사양토(砂壤土)와 양토(壤土)였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.85-91
• /
• 1981

Ginseng seeds were gathered from 3,4,5 and 6 years of age and were classified into four qroups (below 4mm, 4∼5mm, 5∼6mm and above 6mm in across sieve). They were sown in seedling bed and some characters were investigated in each qroup of seed size. 1. The distribution of seed size of below 4mm, 4-5mm, 5-6mm and 6mm were 23.7%, 60.8%, 12.4% and 4.5%, respectively. 2. The ratio of seed coat dehiscence was not affected by seed size but emergence ratio and emerging vigor were superior in large seed. 3. The large seed showed superiority in stem length, stem diameter, leat and also in root length, root diameter and root weight. but diseased root was not affected by seed size. The effect of age(seed harvest) was not significant on all those characters.

• 펄프종이기술
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2016

Abiotic-stressed tobacco stems as a non-wooden biomass were analyzed for their chemical characteristics. Light-stressed tobacco stems (LST) have a relatively high nitrogen concentration, much more extractive content, and a similar amount of lignin and higher contents of acid sugars than those of Non stressed tobacco (NST). It also has low cellulose crystallinity and a high degree of condensation. Guaiacyl units having a lower molecular weight distribution consist of rich lignin. Tension stressed tobacco (TST) growth differentiation under tensile stress was significantly different between normal tissue and cell walls, with the exception of the slightly higher cellulose crystallinity observed for.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 1994

To investigate the factors of the improvement of cultivation methods according to the plant type, three Burley tobacco cultivars were done. Experiments on the variability of plant type and factors representing the productivity and quality of the cultivar were subsequently carried out in relation to different fertilizer levels. Results are summarized as below. Use of more fertilizer resulted in higher plant height and longer leaf length but smaller mean leaf inclination(MLI). The horizontal leaf area distribution became greater in parts distal to the stem and the vertical leaf area distribution became greater in lower half than in upper half as the amount of fertilizer applied was increased. Br. 49 was the largest but Br. 21 and NTN 77 were similar with respect to both CGR and NAR. The yield was greater in larger MLI cultivars. These three characteristics became greater when the tobacco were heavier in the cultivars of larger MLI and increased with higher amount of fertilizer. Harvest index became greater as the amount of fertilizer decreased but not significantly differ among the cultivars. Total nitrogen content and nitrate - form nitrogen content were greater, more amount of fertilizer, and larger MLI cultivar plots. Total nitrogen content was higher in upper leaves. The filling power of tobacco leaves decreased but combustibility of leaves showed not significant trend as fertilizer application level increased.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 1963

양건종 담배의 생육에 미치는 Gibberellin의 영향을 조사할 목적으로 경북지방 장려품종 청주엽, 태야, 향초들을 포장에서 절간신장초기에 100, 200, 300 P.P.M.으로 3회산포하여 발전기에 형태적변화를 조사하였고 각기 적기에 수확건조하여 생엽종과 건조중을 비교하였다. 1. 경엽의 신장은 300 P.P.M.에서 최고이었고 경은 33.05%∼55.22%, 엽은 16.96∼50.69% 증가괴었으며 경엽과 엽폭은 감소되어 엽폭은 최소 70.42∼83.66%로 감소되었다. 2. 엽수는 모든 품종이 Gibberellin처리로 증감이 없었다. 따라서 간장의 증가는 주로 절간장의 증가에 의한 것이었다. 3. 생엽종의 증가는 엽신장의 증가에 일치하지 않고 200P.P.M.에서 최고로 12∼13.9% 증가하였으며 엽색은 신장에 따라 희박하여졌다. 4. 건엽종도 200 P.P.M.에서 최고에 달하여 9∼12.2% 증가되었으며 건조화율은 엽신장에 따라 감소되었다.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.99-109
• /
• 1985

The present studies were carried out to obtain some basic informations of the breeding of tobacco varieties. Genetically divergent 8 varieties, 3 flue-cured, 2 burley and 3 sun-cured tobaccos, were used in half diallel cross. In order to analyze the heterosis, combining abilities, modes of inheritance and correlations for some agronomic and chemical characters, 8 parents and 28 $F_1$ were tested. The results obtained were summarized as follows: The percentages of heterosis for stem diameter, internode length and total sugar content in $F_1$ hybrid were 3.6%, 3.1% and 10.6%, whereas these for days to flower, total alkaloids and leaves per plant were -6.3%, -6.9% and -5.0%, respectively. Yield had significant positive genotypic correlations with plant height, days to flower and leaf length, but negative with internode length and total sugar content. It also had significant prositive phenotypic correlations with plant height, days to flower, leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width and leaf shape index (Leaf length/leaf width). General (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) for all characters of $F_1$ hybrid were significant. The effects of GCA were positive on yield, plant height, stem diameter, leaves per plant and days to flower of Burley 21. And those were positive on yield, leaf shape index and plant height, but negative on leaves per plant and total nitrogen of Hicks. The effects of SCA for yield and leaves per plant were greater than those of others on the combinations of Coker 139 and Burley type, respectively.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.143-151
• /
• 2021

Background: Plants are able to optimize defense responses induced by various herbivores, which have different feeding strategies. Local and systemic responses within a plant after herbivory are essential to modulate herbivore-specific plant responses. For instance, leaf-chewing herbivores elicit jasmonic acid signaling, which result in the inductions of toxic chemicals in the attacked leaf (tissue-specific responses) and also in the other unattacked parts of the plant (systemic responses). Root herbivory induces toxic metabolites in the attacked root and alters the levels of transcripts and metabolites in the unattacked shoot. However, we have little knowledge of the local and systemic responses against stem-boring herbivores. In this study, we examined the systemic changes in metabolites in the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata, when the stem-boring herbivore Trichobaris mucorea attacks. Results: To investigate the systemic responses of T. mucorea attacks, we measured the levels of jasmonic acid (JA), JA-dependent secondary metabolites, soluble sugars, and free amino acids in 7 distinct tissues of N. attenuata: leaf lamina with epidermis (LLE), leaf midrib (LM), stem epidermis (SE), stem pith (SP), stem vascular bundle (SV), root cortex with epidermis (RCE), and root vascular bundle (RV). The levels of JA were increased in all root tissues and in LM by T. mucorea attacks. The levels of chlorogenic acids (CGAs) and nicotine were increased in all stem tissues by T. mucorea. However, CGA was systematically induced in LM, and nicotine was systematically induced in LM and RCE. We further tested the resource allocation by measuring soluble sugars and free amino acids in plant tissues. T. mucorea attacks increased the level of free amino acids in all tissues except in LLE. The levels of soluble sugars were significantly decreased in SE and SP, but increased in RV. Conclusions: The results reveal that plants have local- and systemic-specific responses in response to attack from a stem-boring herbivore. Interestingly, the level of induced secondary metabolites was not consistent with the systemic inductions of JA. Spatiotemporal resolution of plant defense responses against stem herbivory will be required to understand how a plant copes with attack from herbivores from different feeding guilds.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 1991

These studies were carred out to obtain the transformant from tobacco cells by Agrobacterium spp. from crown gall and soil at the natural field in Korea, and identified their virulence. Kodo's and Clark's selective media were used for isolation of Agrobacterium spp. In these media, total of 99 strains were characterized based on the morphological characteristics of colonies. Among them 34 strains were able to induce on carrot discs. And hypervirulent strains C23-1 and K29-1 were identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens biotype 1 and biotype 2, respectively. These strains formed fast growing, larger gall as compared to those induced by other strains on the carrot discs. Transformed tobacco callus was initiated on the phytohormone free MS medium with 250$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml carbenicillin after co-cultivation of tobacco stem explants and Agrobacteria. On the phytohormone free media, shoot was rarely formed from transformed callus. However, these shoot were teratoma shoots which were not grown as normal shoot, and teratoma shoot from transformant by C23-1 was smaller than that of K29-1.