• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2003

Androgen plays an important role in the regulation of gonadotropin production in vertebrates . We have investigated the transcriptional pattern of androgen receptor (AR) in a variety of tissues in maturing male and female goldfish by RT-PCR. Specific primer for AR was designed based on goldfish AR gene from the GenBank (accession number AY090897). AR was shown 10 be maturity- and tissue-dependent gene expression pattern in goldfish. In immature male goldfish, significantly higher transcript level of AR was observed in the pituitary und testis , compared [0 brain and liver. Mature male goldfish showed a similar expression pattern to immature male goldfish. Interestingly. when compare to male goldfish, female goldfish showed AR mRNA expression that was found 10 be weak in pituitary, and very low expression in brain. They could not be found 10 have expression in any other tissues. Taken together. the- transcriptional analysis of AR depending on the tissue, sex. and maturity of a goldfish provides the opportunity for the study of goldfish reproductive physiology ,The results provided for the first time a comparison of the tissue distribution of AR mRNA in sexually maturating male and female goldfish.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

To confirm the function of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (EC 1.1.1.27, LDH), its metabolism was studied by activity, kinetics, and isozyme analysis in tissues of Ldh testis-specific C expressing mice (Mus musculus) maintained in a state of starvation for 48 hr and 96 hr. In skeletal muscle, liver, and eye tissues, LDH and LDH $A_4$ activity increased and anaerobic metabolism predominated. While LDH activity in the heart and kidney tissues decreased, LDH $B_4$ activity increased and aerobic metabolism predominated, producing pyruvic acid. In the testis tissue, LDH $C_4$ activity decreased. In the brain tissue, LDH activity increased, but the isozyme change was small and the amount of pyruvic acid decreased. $K{_m}^{PYR}$ increased in tissues other than kidney tissue, and the affinity for pyruvic acid decreased. Consequently, in Ldh-A and B-expressing tissues, the activities of isozymes with higher concentrations increased. However, in Ldh-A, B, and C-expressing tissue, $C_4$ decreased and the function of the tissue also decreased. In particular, LDH in brain tissue played a role as a pyruvate reductase. Therefore, this process might be the mechanism for producing energy in the state of starvation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.75 no.5
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• pp.181-187
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• 2013

The emergence of new therapeutic agents for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) implies that histologic subtyping and molecular predictive testing are now essential for therapeutic decisions. Histologic subtype predicts the efficacy and toxicity of some treatment agents, as do genetic alterations, which can be important predictive factors in treatment selection. Molecular markers, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement, are the best predictors of response to specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment agents. As the majority of patients with NSCLC present with unresectable disease, it is therefore crucial to optimize the use of tissue samples for diagnostic and predictive examinations, particularly for small biopsy and cytology specimens. Therefore, each institution needs to develop a diagnostic approach requiring close communication between the pulmonologist, radiologist, pathologist, and oncologist in order to preserve sufficient biopsy materials for molecular analysis as well as to ensure rapid diagnosis. Currently, personalized medicine in NSCLC is based on the histologic subtype and molecular status. This review summarizes strategies for tissue acquisition, histologic subtyping and molecular analysis for predictive testing in NSCLC.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.76-79
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to evaluate usefulness of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammography for dense breast by comparing concordance in test results between Tc-99m MIBI scintimammography and mammography whose effect was proved the most as an imaging tool depending on breast density and at the same time by examining limitation on evaluation depending on density of breast tissue. [Materials and Methods] In the period from December 2010 to July 2011, this study targeted 150 patients who took both of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammography and mammography conducted by using breast gamma camera in this hospital. Breast density was classified to the four levels of pattern 1~4 based on the results of mammography. $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammography was conducted with the LCC, the RCC, the LMLO, and the RML one minute after intravenous injection of 99mTc-MIBI 7400 MBq (20 mCi) while analysis was made for concordance in test results of $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammography and mammography. [Results] Among the 150 patients, pattern 1 was found in 3 patients, pattern 2 in 44 patients, pattern 3 in 61 patients, and pattern 4 in 37 patients. There were 5 patients who showed the case where it was impossible to determine density of breast tissue due to foreign body inserted to breast. The concordance ratio of the results between $^{99m}Tc$-MIBI scintimammography and mammography was 95.5% for pattern 2, 95.1% for pattern 3 and 94.6% for pattern 4. This demonstrated that the concordance rate decreased according to the increase in breast density. [Conclusion] When there was limitation on evaluation of breast specific gamma imaging test results due to increased intake in breast tissue or surgical site, the concordance rate was 6.8% for pattern 2, 16.3% for pattern 3 and 18.9% for pattern 4. This demonstrated that the degree of limitation on evaluation of breast specific gamma imaging test results increased according to the increase in breast density.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.261-268
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• 2010

As in the O. mykiss electrophoretic profiles of RNA, the signals of each RNA sample from 9 individual tissues such as liver, muscle, brain, heart, pituitary gland, kidney, intestine, spleen and gill similar to positive control were obtained. The tissue distributions of the complimentary DNA (cDNA) of O. mykiss four genes were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR with primer sets for tissue expression analysis. In this rainbow trout species, author obtained bands of various sizes, ranged from 700 bp to 1,400 bp. A dissociation curve was made at the end of each run to make sure that there was no non-specific amplification. Supplementarily, the Ct of each DNA was compared. The Ct values of vinculin with rainbow trout tissues were determined in a manner similar to those for agouti-related protein (AgRP) and melanocortin receptors (MC4R I and MC4R II). Further, obtained Cts for standard curve of each DNA were affected by specific product (vinculin, AgRP and MC4R II genes). After several experiments with four individual genes of rainbow trout, author estimated a variation ratio of the mean Ct value of the DNA extracted using the comparative CTt method was 37.27, and the standard deviation was 5.33. The correlation coefficient between the Ct values and the concentration of cDNA was -0.98, -0.99, -0.91 and -0.86, respectively (vinculin, AgRP, MC4R I and MC4R II genes). Since this correlation showed high linearity, the straight line obtained was used as a standard for the O. mykiss tissues reared in aquarium. A PCR efficiency of 100% is ideally achieved when the slopes are close to the theoretical value of -3.31. According to quantification method, the results of quantification are strongly affected by the DNA fragmentation. The size of most DNA fragments obtained from various tissues of rainbow trout used in the experiment was approximately 100 bp. According to the four slopes, an efficiency of nearly 100% was estimated for four genes detection methods. Additionally, further analysis with more individuals and primers will be required to fully establish optimization in rainbow trout.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.183-184
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• 2002

The use of transgenic fish has so far been chiefly limited by the lack of predictable, strong, tissue specific, and position-independent expression of transgenes. For genetic analysis, expression of a marker transgene, easily screenable in the living fish, could facilitate studies of gene targeting, insertional mutagenesis, lineage, and mutational analysis. (omitted)

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.633-640
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• 2011

Brassica rapa is an A genome model species for Brassica crop genetics, genomics, and breeding. With the completion of sequencing the B. rapa genome, functional analysis of the genome is forthcoming issue. The expressed sequence tags are fundamental resources supporting annotation and functional analysis of the genome including identification of tissue-specific genes and promoters. As of July 2011, 147,217 ESTs from 39 cDNA libraries of B. rapa are reported in the public database. However, little information can be retrieved from the sequences due to lack of organized databases. To leverage the sequence information and to maximize the use of publicly-available EST collections, the Brassica rapa tissue-specific EST database (BrTED) is developed. BrTED includes sequence information of 23,962 unigenes assembled by StackPack program. The unigene set is used as a query unit for various analyses such as BLAST against TAIR gene model, functional annotation using MIPS and UniProt, gene ontology analysis, and prediction of tissue-specific unigene sets based on statistics test. The database is composed of two main units, EST sequence processing and information retrieving unit and tissue-specific expression profile analysis unit. Information and data in both units are tightly inter-connected to each other using a web based browsing system. RT-PCR evaluation of 29 selected unigene sets successfully amplified amplicons from the target tissues of B. rapa. BrTED provided here allows the user to identify and analyze the expression of genes of interest and aid efforts to interpret the B. rapa genome through functional genomics. In addition, it can be used as a public resource in providing reference information to study the genus Brassica and other closely related crop crucifer plants.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.283-287
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• 2005

Since the discovery of generation of $O_2^-$ in plant, many evidence for the oxidative burst (OXB) has been accumulated in various combinations of plant and pathogen or elicitor systems. $O_2^-$ generating system responsible for the OXB was coupled with oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in microsomal fraction isolated from sliced aged potato tuber slices which were treated by hyphal wall components elicitor from Phytophthora infestans (HWC). We developed new assay method for quantitative measurement of oxygen radical $O_2^-$ by using electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis during elicitor­induced OXB on the surface of plant tissues. The ESR analysis using an $O_2^-$ trapper, Tiron (1,2-dihydroxy-3,5­benzenedisulfonic acid), provided a convenient assay for detecting only $O_2^-$ during elicitor-induced OXB producing various active oxygen species (AOS) on plant tissue surface. Tiron was oxidized to Tiron semiquinon radical by $O_2^-$. Quantity of the radical signal was measured by specific spectra on ESR spectroscopy. The level of $O_2^-$ was high in from surface of potato tuber tissue treated with hyphal cell wall elicitor (HWC) from Phytophthora infestans. There was no secondary OXB induction by $H_2O_2$ treatment in plant.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.614-621
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• 2021

Background Reconstruction of congenital microtia remains challenging, particularly in patients with a history of ear canaloplasty due to insufficient regional soft tissue. The insertion of a tissue expander prior to implantation of the cartilage framework has traditionally been employed. However, this procedure could induce additional morbidity. Herein, we present a method using V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap to gain additional soft tissue in these challenging cases. Methods Congenital microtia patients with a history of ear canaloplasty who underwent auricular reconstruction using the Nagata technique between 2016 and 2020 were reviewed. To obtain additional soft tissue, V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap was performed concurrently with implantation of the costal cartilage framework, without prior insertion of a tissue expander. The outcomes of these patients with respect to postoperative complications and esthetics were evaluated. Results Eight patients with bilateral lesions were included. No specific complications developed after the first-stage surgery. However, one patient experienced complications after the second stage (auricular elevation). An analysis of the esthetic results showed most patients had excellent outcomes, achieving a satisfactory convolution. The median number of operations needed to complete reconstruction was 2, which was fewer than required using the conventional method with prior insertion of a tissue expander. Conclusions In patients with a history of previous canaloplasty, V-Y advancement of a temporal triangular flap could serve as an alternative to tissue expansion for microtia reconstruction. This technique provided reliable and satisfactory results with a reduced number of surgical stages.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

This study explores the typology of the urban detached houses in the new housing quarters that were created in the process of Seoul's urbanization in the aftermath of the Korean War. It analyzes and compares the urban tissue and space allocation set when the new urban residential areas were organized according to different methods of production. Based on the comparative analysis of housing built in the same time of 1960s, this study aims to deduce why a specific urban detached housing type was selected as an influential housing prototype and how this spread in later generations. Case study sites selected for this study include: the new Urban Hanok towns of Yongdu-dong, filled with mass Urban Hanoks built by housing developers; the single-family detached housing district of Myunmok-dong, filled with individual dwellings built by private builders; and the housing complex of detached houses in Suyu-dong, developed by government-sponsorship during the early 1960s. Each case examines the following: first, the difference in housing typology allocation according to urban tissue; second, the difference in spatial composition and arrangement within plots. As a result, it was found that differences in typology occur depending on which of the social, cultural, economic and technical factors was preferentially considered in forming urban tissue and allocating buildings in each residential area.