• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2013

Auxin is a key plant hormone which regulates overall plant growth development. A number of researches to investigate auxin signaling identified three major classes of early auxin response genes: AUX/IAA, GH3 and SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR). Among these genes, in planta functions of SAUR gene family are largely ambiguous, while both AUX/IAA and GH3 genes are analyzed to mediate negative feedback on auxin response. SAUR genes encode small plant-specific proteins. SAUR gene products are highly unstable and transiently expressed in the tissue- and developmental-specific manners in response to auxin and various environmental stimuli. In the decades, molecular and genetic approaches to elucidate in planta functions of SAURs have been hampered by several factors such as the unstable molecular features and functional redundancy among them. However, a series of recent studies focusing on several subgroups of SAUR gene family made significant progress in our understanding of its biochemical and physiological functions. These works suggest that many SAUR proteins mainly regulate auxin-related cell expansion and auxin transport. In this review, the recent progress in SAUR research and prospects for crop improvement through its genetic manipulation are discussed.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.79-83
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• 2019

Robotic surgery facilitates surgical procedures by employing flexible arms with multiple degrees of freedom and providing high-quality 3-dimensional imaging. Robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate reconstruction is currently performed to avoid breast scars. Four patients with invasive ductal carcinoma underwent robot-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy and immediate robot-assisted expander insertion. Through a 6-cm incision along the anterior axillary line, sentinel lymph node biopsy and nipple-sparing mastectomy were performed by oncologic surgeons. The pectoralis major muscle was elevated, an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) sling was created with robotic assistance, and an expander was inserted into the subpectoral, sub-ADM pocket. No patients had major complications such as hematoma, seroma, infection, capsular contracture, or nipple-areolar necrosis. The mean operation time for expander insertion was 1 hour and 20 minutes, and it became shorter with more experience. The first patient completed 2-stage prosthetic reconstruction and was highly satisfied with the unnoticeable scar and symmetric reconstruction. We describe several cases of immediate robot-assisted prosthetic breast reconstruction. This procedure is a feasible surgical option for patients who want to conceal surgical scars.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.139-143
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• 2019

Here we report a case of a focal atypical proliferative nodule (PN) arising from a congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN). Diagnosis was challenging because it had both benign and malignant clinical features. Unusual histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and intraoperative findings of this atypical PN are discussed. A 5-year-old girl was admitted for a congenital $5{\times}5cm$ sized scalp mass. This hemangioma-like soft mass showed biphasic characteristics such as a slow, gradual, and benign increase in size but worrisome dural invasion with cranial bone defect. We removed the scalp mass with clear resection margins. Interoperatively, we found that the cranial bone defect had already filled. Histopathologic examination showed CMN with focal atypical PN. The nodule showed sharp demarcation and cellular pleomorphism. However, in immunohistochemical study, Ki-67 proliferation index and expression levels of protein S-100 and Melan-A were very low. These were unusual findings of atypical PNs. Despite her worrisome preoperative radiologic features, she showed an indolent clinical course compatible with previously reported biologic behavior. The patient underwent follow-up inspection with magnetic resonance imaging every 6 months for up to 3 years. The nodule appeared to be stationary at the last visit.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2021

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recognized as a therapeutic tool for various diseases due to its unique ability for tissue regeneration and immune regulation. However, poor survival during in vitro expansion and after being administrated in vivo limits its clinical uses. Accordingly, protocols for enhancing cell survivability is critical for establishing an efficient cell therapy is needed. CDDO-Me is a synthetic C-28 methyl ester of 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid, which is known to stimulate nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Herein, report that CDDO-Me promoted the proliferation of MSCs and increased colony forming units (CFU) numbers. No alteration in differentiation into tri-lineage mesodermal cells was found after CDDO-Me treatment. We observed that CDDO-Me treatment reduced the cell death induced by oxidative stress, demonstrated by the augment in the expression of Nrf2-downstream genes. Lastly, CDDO-Me led to the nuclear translocation of NRF2. Our data indicate that CDDO-Me can enhance the functionality of MSCs by stimulating cell survival and increasing viability under oxidative stress.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging features of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jawbone. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 26 CBCT studies of histologically proven cases of CGCG during a period of 20 years, from 1999 to 2019. Patients' demographic data were recorded, and radiographic features were assessed (location, border, cortication, appearance of the internal structure, locularity, septation, expansion, cortical perforation, effects on surrounding tissue, whether the lesion crossed the midline, and lesion volume). Results: In this study, CGCGs were seen almost twice as often in the mandible than in the maxilla, and 64.7% of mandibular lesions involved the anterior region. Only 26.9% of lesions crossed the midline, a feature that was considered characteristic of CGCG. Furthermore, 65.4% of lesions were unilocular and 34.6% were multilocular. The correlation between a lesion's size and its locularity was statistically significant, and larger lesions showed a multilocular appearance. The mean volume of multilocular lesions was greater than that of unilocular lesions. Conclusion: CGCGs showed variable radiographic features on CBCT, and this imaging modality is highly effective at demonstrating the radiographic spectrum and lesional extent of CGCGs in the jawbone.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.455-460
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• 2021

This report presents a rare case of maxillary osteoblastoma in a 17-year-old female. The patient presented with dull pain and facial asymmetry inferior to the left zygoma. An intraoral examination found a painless swelling on the buccal gingival tissue in the left posterior maxilla. Panoramic radiographs and multidetector computed tomographic images revealed an ill-defined, non-corticated, mixed attenuating entity of osseous density located within the left posterior maxilla apical to the left maxillary molars. The entity exhibited a heterogeneous internal structure with a fine granular appearance, and the periphery showed a partial hypo-attenuating rim along the antero-medial aspect. Expansion of the left posterior maxilla accompanied with displacement of the left maxillary sinus floor was noted. External root resorption of the first and second molars was noted, as well as postero-superior displacement of the third molar. The histopathologic diagnosis of the biopsy was osteoblastoma. Complete excision of the tumor was performed.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2022

Mucocele of the paranasal sinuses is a benign, slow-growing, expansile lesion. Maxillary sinus mucoceles are usually associated with painless bulging of the cheek; however, orbital expansion is rarely observed. Maxillary sinus mucoceles can be classified as primary or secondary according to their etiology. An impediment to sinus ostium ventilation is thought to be the cause of primary mucocele, while sequestering of residual mucosa after surgery in the wound and long-term retention of tissue fluid have been suggested to lead to the formation of secondary mucocele. This report presents 2 cases of primary and secondary mucoceles, with a focus on radiographic features. As primary and superiorly positioned secondary maxillary sinus mucoceles are uncommon and their close proximity to the orbit predisposes the patient to significant morbidity, the authors expect that this report will contribute to a better understanding and diagnosis of maxillary sinus mucocele involving the orbit.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.610-614
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• 2023

Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon yet fatal soft tissue infection. Current recommended treatment includes antibiotics with repeat surgical exploration and wound debridement followed by reconstruction. In burn patients, the Meek micrograft has demonstrated a higher true expansion ratio, faster reepithelialization rate, more resilient toward infection, and reduced risk of graft failure as compared with meshed graft. To our best knowledge, the use of Meek micrografting technique in reconstruction of postdebridement wounds of necrotizing fasciitis has not been reported. Hereby, we present a case of a 57-year-old gentleman who was referred to us for wound reconstruction after surgical debridement of Fournier's gangrene and extensive necrotizing fasciitis involving the anterior abdomen and bilateral femoral region. Meek micrografting technique was used to reconstruct the anterior abdomen as the wound bed was large. Although the graft was complicated with a small area of localized infection, it did not spread across the entire graft and was successfully treated with topical antibiotics and regular wound dressing. In our case, wound reconstruction using Meek micrografting technique in a patient with extensive necrotizing fasciitis was successful and showed positive outcome. Therefore, we suggest further studies to be conducted to investigate the applications and outcomes of the Meek micrografting technique, especially in patients with extensive wound bed and limited donor site availability.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.95-102
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• 1995

당뇨병성 신증은 만성 당뇨병에서 흔히 동반되는 심각한 합병증이나 그 발생기전은 확실히 밝혀져 있지 않다. 본 연구에서는 암, 노화, 염증등 여러 가지 질환의 발생에 관여한다고 알려진 산화성 스트레스의 증가가 당뇨병성 신증의 발생에 관여하는지를 알아 보았다. 쥐에서 신증의 유발을 용이하게 하기 위해 먼저 한쪽 신장을 적출한후 스트렙토조토신을 주사하여 당뇨병을 유발하였다(NEPH-STZ). 당뇨병 유발 8주후, NEPH-STZ쥐들은 심한 고혈당증, 단백뇨, 고혈압의 증상을 보였으며 신장조직은 보상성 비대와 함께 혈관간기질(mesangial matrix) 증대의 형태학적 변화를 보였다. 그러나 스트렙토조토신만을 주사한 쥐(STZ)에서는 단백뇨가 나타나지 않았고, 신장적출만을 한 쥐에서는(NEPH) 단백뇨의 증상은 나타났으나 신장조직의 형태학적 관찰에서 혈관간 기질의 증대는 보이지 않았다. 이화같이 그 증상이나 신장조직 병변의 정도는 모두 달랐음에도 불구하고, 신피질 조직 단백질의 산화는 NEPH, STZ, NEPH-STZ의 세 실험군 쥐에서 대조군(CONT)에 비해 유의하게 증가 되어 있었다. 이 실험결과는 세 실험군 모두에서 조직의 산화성 스트레스가 증가되어 있음을 나타내는 것으로, 산화성 스트레스의 증가가 당뇨병성 신증을 일으키는 유일한 발병기전은 아닐 가능성을 시사한다. 그러나 조직의 산화성 스트레스의 증가가 여러 질환에서 조직의 손상을 유발하는 공통된 최종 경로라는 것을 고려해 볼 때, 혈행학적(hemodynamic) 혹은 대사성 인자 등에 의해 증가된 산화성 스트레스가 당뇨병성 신증의 발생에 있어서도 기여할 가능성은 크다.id deptide의 양이 변해서가 아니라 다른 기전에 의하여 조절되어지고 있음을 시사한다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.108-113
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• 2009

Functional regulator라고 불리는 $Fr{\ddot{a}}nkel$ appliance는 악안면 발육을 방해하는 비정상적인 근육의 활동을 차단하여 치열 및 악궁에 대한 힘의 불균형을 개선하고 구강 주위 근육을 훈련시켜 새로이 형성된 힘의 균형에 의해 이차적으로 악안면골의 형태 및 크기를 변화시킨다고 알려져 있다. 다른 기능적 악정형 장치물(트윈 블록, 바이오네이터, 액티베이터)과는 달리 $Fr{\ddot{a}}nkel$ 장치는 성장을 조절하는 능력이 연조직에 있고, 적당한 공간은 경조직의 발육에 유용하다는 개념을 갖는 것이 특징 적이다. 하악의 골격성 후퇴가 특징인 II급 부정교합에서 FR-II가 선택될 수 있으며, FR-II를 이용하여 하악의 자세적 위치 변화를 유발하는 것은 물론 악궁의 확대 효과 또한 기대할 수 있다. 근신경 환경의 조화에 의하여 심한 부정교합은 성공적으로 치료될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 재발의 경향도 감소된다. 본 소아치과에 내원한 II급 부정교합 환자를 대상으로 고정성 장치의 치료없이 FR-II와 space supervision만을 적용하여 성공적인 개선을 보인 몇 가지 증례들을 보고하고자 한다.