• 제목/요약/키워드: Tissue

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Engineered human cardiac tissues for modeling heart diseases

  • Sungjin Min;Seung-Woo Cho
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제56권1호
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    • pp.32-42
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    • 2023
  • Heart disease is one of the major life-threatening diseases with high mortality and incidence worldwide. Several model systems, such as primary cells and animals, have been used to understand heart diseases and establish appropriate treatments. However, they have limitations in accuracy and reproducibility in recapitulating disease pathophysiology and evaluating drug responses. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) cardiac tissue models produced using tissue engineering technology and human cells have outperformed conventional models. In particular, the integration of cell reprogramming techniques with bioengineering platforms (e.g., microfluidics, scaffolds, bioprinting, and biophysical stimuli) has facilitated the development of heart-on-a-chip, cardiac spheroid/organoid, and engineered heart tissue (EHT) to recapitulate the structural and functional features of the native human heart. These cardiac models have improved heart disease modeling and toxicological evaluation. In this review, we summarize the cell types for the fabrication of cardiac tissue models, introduce diverse 3D human cardiac tissue models, and discuss the strategies to enhance their complexity and maturity. Finally, recent studies in the modeling of various heart diseases are reviewed.

안면비대칭자의 3차원 전산단층사진 분석에서 경$\cdot$연조직간 비대칭 정도 차이 (Comparison of asymmetric degree between maxillofacial hard and soft tissue in facial asymmetric subjects using three-dimensional computed tomography)

  • 김왕식;이기헌;황현식
    • 대한치과교정학회지
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    • 제35권3호
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    • pp.163-173
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 안면비대칭 환자에서 경조직의 비대칭 정도와 연조직 비대칭 정도의 차이를 3차원적으로 밝히고자 시행되었다. 안면비대칭으로 보이는 성인 남녀 34명을 대상으로 두경부 전산단층사진을 촬영하고 3차원 입체영상으로 재구성한 후 기준평면에 대해 비대칭을 나타내는 5개의 계측항목을 경조직에 설정하고, 이에 대응하는 연조직 계측항목을 각각 설정한 후 3차원 계측을 시행하고 경조직과 연조직의 계측항목간 차이를 비교하였다. 이부편위측과 반대측간의 계측치 차이를 비교한 결과, 경조직과 연조직 모두에서 좌우측 계측치간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었으며 경조직과 연조직의 비대칭 계측항목을 비교한 결과, 6개의 계측항목 모두에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 이부편위를 나타내는 chin deviation, 하악지와 하악골체를 나타내는 frontal ramal inclination difference, frontal corpus inclination difference 항목은 경조직의 비대칭 정도에 비하여 연조직 비대칭 정도가 작게 나타난 반면, 입술경사를 나타내는 lip cheilion height difference, lip canting은 maxillary height difference, occlusal plane canting보다 크게 나타나 입술부위의 비대칭 정도는 하부 경조직의 비대칭 정도보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 안면비대칭자에서 경조직과 연조직간 비대칭 정도 차이를 규명한 본 연구 결과는 안면비대칭 평가 시 경조직 외에 연조직 계측항목을 이용한 비대칭 분석도 필요함을 시사하였다.

양심탕(養心湯) 및 양심탕가시엽(養心湯加枾葉)이 구속(拘束)Stress 흰쥐의 뇌부위별(腦部位別) Catecholamines함량에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of Yangsimtang and Yangsimtang + Siyup on the Regional Brain Catecholamines contents of Immobilization stessed Rats)

  • 송필정;정대규
    • 동의신경정신과학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.49-68
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    • 1997
  • This study aimed to evaluate the anti-stress effect of Yangsimtang and Yangsimtang+Siyup on the rats in immobilization stress.The experimental animals were immobilized in the stress box(5${\times}$5${\times}$20cm) for 12 hours in a day suring 3 days, and administered 1g/100g of Yangsimtang and Yangsimtang+Siyup and Siyup extract for 12 days before stress. The norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine and serotonin contents were measured by HPLC method in various part of rat brain.The following results were observed.1. In frontal cortex the norepinephrine content of control group was 561.${\pm}$24.46 ng/g brain tissue, that of saple 1 group was 430.8$\pm$41.2 ng/g brain tissue, and that of sample 2 group was 417.2$\pm$38.5 ng/g brain tissue. The differences was statistically significant.2. In corpus striatum, the norepinephrine content of control group was 561.3$\pm$27.3 ng/g brain tissue, and that of sample 1 group was 422.1$\pm$21.2 ng/g brain tissue, the dopamine content of control group was 1205.1$\pm$75.9 ng/g brain tissue, that of sample 2 group was 685.6$\pm$41.5 ng/g brain tissue. The differences was statistically significant.3. In hypothalamus, the norepinephrine content of control group was 1165.1$\pm$162.6 ng/g brain tissue, that of sample 2 group was 947.2$\pm$35.7 ng/g brain tissue. The differences was statistically significant.4. In hippocampus, the norepinephrine content of control group was 931.6$\pm$82.2 ng/g brain tissue, that of sample 1 group was 652.1$\pm$47.5 ng/g brain tissue, and that of sample 2 group was 627.4$\pm$31.2 ng/g brain tissue, the dopamine contrnt of control group was 315.4$\pm$28.4 ng/g brain tissue, that of sample 2 group was 208.5$\pm$23.7 ng/g brain tissue. The differences were statistically significant.Base on the above results, it may be concluded that Yangsimtang and Yangsimtang+Siyup are effective to reduce stress.

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고령 환자군에 있어서 유리피판술을 이용한 두경부재건의 안전성 (The Safety of Microsurgical Head and Neck Reconstruction in the Elderly Patients)

  • 최봉균;김영석;이원재;유대현;탁관철
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.289-293
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    • 2006
  • By means of microsurgical free-tissue transfer providing a large amount of required tissue, the surgeon can resect tumoral tissue more safely, which allows tumor-free margins and enhances the reliability of the ablative surgery that otherwise could not be performed radically. The morbidity of elective free-tissue transfer seems to be quite low, carrying acceptable risks for most patients. But the elderly patients are at risk for cardiac and respiratory problems, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary emboli and infection merely as a function of age. This study was undertaken to define further risks of the elderly population with regards to free-tissue transfer. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with 110 microsurgical free-tissue transfers for head and neck reconstruction in patients greater than 60 years of age. Microsurgical procedures in all cases were preformed by the plastic and reconstructive department at Yonsei medical center. The investigated parameters were patient demographics, past medical history, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) status, site and cause of defect, the free tissue transferred and postoperative complication including free-flap success or failure. There were 46 patients in the age group from 60 to 64 years, 34 patients from 65 to 70 years, and 30 patients 70 years or older. There happened 3 flap losses, resulting in a flap viability rate of 97%. Patients with a higher ASA designation experienced more medical complication(p=0.05, 0.01, 0.03 in each age group I, II, III) but not surgical complication p=0.17, 0.11, 0.54 in each age group I, II, III). And the relationship between postoperative complication and age groups was not significant. These observations suggest that major determinant for postoperative medical complication be the patient's American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and chronologic age alone should not be an exclusion criterion when selecting patients for free-tissue transfer

하악전돌증의 악교정수술후 연조직 변화에 관한 연구 (CHANGE OF LATERAL SOFT TISSUE PROFILE AFTER SURGICAL CORRECTION OF MANDIBULAR PROGNATHISM)

  • 이상철;김여갑;류동목;이완기
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.217-227
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    • 1992
  • The purpose of this paper is to investigate changes in soft tissue in 22 patients treated by vertical ramus osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy for the correction of mandibular prognathism. 22 individuals, 12 males and 10 females, were selected from the patients with mandibular prognathism at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Colledge of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University. Patient were analyzed with cephalogram taken 1 week before and at least 6 weeks after surgery under the same condition. Measurements were made constructed hard tissue and sop tissue points located on each before-and-after film tracing. Comparision were made of these figures to estimate the amount that the soft tissue followed the hard tissue structures in each surgical procedure : ratio of sop and hard tissue changes were formulated. The results were as follows. 1. The horizontal changes of Pogs and Bs as a ratio of the horizontal changes of Pog and B point were 1.02 and 1.16 respectively. 2. One millimeter of posterior changes at Pog resulted in 0.86mm of posterior change at Li and 0.09mm of posterior change at Ls. The greatest amount of sop tissue change occurred at Pogs, with substantially less posterior displacement at Bs, even less at Li and at least at Ls. 3. The ratio of LI to Li was 1:0.81 and the ratio of LI to Ls was not significant.(1 : 0.17) 4. The ULA(Cm-Sn-Ls) and the relative lower lip projection (LLP) was incnease4 but the relative upper lip projection (ULP) was slightly decreased 5. The angular change of the upper lip inclined angle (Ls-Sn/ANS-PNS) and lower lip inclined angle(Li-Pogs/Me-Go) expressed as a ratio of the posterior change of Pog were 0.57 and 0.20 respectively. 6. The ratio of the lower anterior facial height change of the soft tissue(Sn-Mes) to the hard tissue(ANS-Gn) were 0.78 and and the ratio of vertical height changes of the hard tissue and sop tissue to the posterior change of the Pog were 0.18 and 0.19 respectively. 7. The sop tissue angular change of facial convexity(G-Sn-Pogs) expressed as a ratio of the angular change of the hard tissue angle of facial convexity(N-A-Pog) was 1.24.

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New conceptual approaches toward dentin regeneration using the drug repositioning strategy with Wnt signaling pathways

  • Lee, Eui-Seon;Kim, Tae-Young;Aryal, Yam Prasad;Kim, Kihyun;Byun, Seongsoo;Song, Dongju;Shin, Yejin;Lee, Dany;Lee, Jooheon;Jung, Gilyoung;Chi, Seunghoon;Choi, Yoolim;Lee, Youngkyun;An, Chang-Hyeon;Kim, Jae-Young
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.67-73
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    • 2021
  • This study summarizes the recent cutting-edge approaches for dentin regeneration that still do not offer adequate solutions. Tertiary dentin is formed when odontoblasts are directly affected by various stimuli. Recent preclinical studies have reported that stimulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway could facilitate the formation of reparative dentin and thereby aid in the structural and functional development of the tertiary dentin. A range of signaling pathways, including the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, is activated when dental tissues are damaged and the pulp is exposed. The application of small molecules for dentin regeneration has been suggested as a drug repositioning approach. This study reviews the role of Wnt signaling in tooth formation, particularly dentin formation and dentin regeneration. In addition, the application of the drug repositioning strategy to facilitate the development of new drugs for dentin regeneration has been discussed in this study.

류마티스 관절염 환자에서 발생한 피하조직 석회화 (Subcutaneous tissue calcification in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis)

  • 김동현;김경진;권성민;차성욱;이정욱
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.120-124
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    • 2016
  • Subcutaneous tissue calcification in rheumatic diseases usually occurs in connective tissue diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and dermatomyositis. Domestic cases of calcification in rheumatoid arthritis have not been reported. The mechanism of subcutaneous tissue calcification may differ depending on the cause and it can develop on all parts of the body. Calcification occurring in rheumatic diseases is a major mechanism of tissue damage caused by chronic inflammation. No standard therapy for calcification has been established; however, many studies have reported on medical and surgical treatment. We report on subcutaneous tissue calcification in a rheumatoid arthritis patient tissue calcification on both sides of the buttocks, the upper limbs, and the lower limbs.

내시경 갑상선 절제술 후에 발생한 갑상선 선종성 과형성증의 연조직 착상 1예 (Soft Tissue Implantation of Thyroid Adenomatous Hyperplasia after Endoscopic Thyroid Surgery:Report of a Case)

  • 이용상;윤지섭;남기현;정웅윤;박정수
    • 대한두경부종양학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.46-49
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    • 2007
  • Soft tissue implantation of thyroid tissue is a very rare event. Needle tract implantation of thyroid carcinoma after fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy has been occasionally reported, but implantation of benign thyroid tumor tissue is extremely rare. Rupture of thyroid tissues during surgery or trauma may cause the thyroid tissue to be implanted and result in multiple palpable nodules in soft tissue of the neck. Several reports have shown the possibility of implantation of normal or hyperplastic thyroid tissues in soft tissue. We herein report a case of implantation of adenomatous hyperplastic tissue in the neck along the trochar and previous operation site after endoscopic thyroid surgery, which was successfully treated by complete excision.

생활치수절단술에 사용되는 복탁제가 치수에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구 (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EFFECTS OF PULP CAPPING AGENTS THAT ARE USED IN VITAL PULPOTOMY TO PULP TISSUE)

  • 차문호
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제9권4호
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    • pp.157-160
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    • 1971
  • To compare the effects of various pulp capping agents that are usually applied to human pulp tissue, adult dogs were bred for a certain period and each capping agent was applied experimentally to pulp tissue after vital pulpotomy. Histological observations are as follows. 1) In comparison between methods of vital pulpotomy, one and two appointment method, different courses of healing were observed. In one appointment method, the granulation tissue formation at the amputation sur face of pulp tissue had a tendency to be transformed to scar tissue formation. In two appointment method, more transformation than that of one appointment method from scar tissue to dentin matrix formation were observed. 2) Histologic changes that have appeared in pulp tissue are a) fixation at outer layer b) degeneration at middle layer c) hyperemia and round cell infiltration at inner layer 3) With use of formocresol mixed zinc oxide powder in two appointment method complete formation of dentin matrix were observed. 4) Among the methods and aagents described above formocresol mixed zinc oxide powder in two appointment method appeared to be relatively effective.

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