• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.55
• /
• pp.73-96
• /
• 2018

Andy Warhol's "Time Capsule" is an individual's daily record, but it can also be evaluated as an artwork. Andy Warhol kept most of his items in boxes until his death in 1974. Warhol's personal records contained receipts, invitations, memos, letters, voice tapes, newspapers, magazines, fan letters, mails, and exhibit materials. Andy Warhol's act of collecting items was continuous and repetitive, giving others a deeper insight into the artist's life. Warhol constantly recorded daily repetitive behaviors such as the people he met, a list of books he bought, and movies he had watched as a record producer. In addition, occasionally, he was in the position of an archivist, collecting and organizing others' records. As such, he expressed his passion for recording his surroundings. His intentionally produced or collected records contain valuable information, not only of himself but also of the people surrounding him. His personal records show that it is the material that enables people to understand and appreciate his relationship with contemporary artists, as well as the artist's education and the conditions during his time.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 1993

In vitro dissolution test and pharmacokinetic study in human volunteers were conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of 150 mg furbiprofen sustained-release capsule (FPSR-150). As a reference product, 50 mg flurbiprofen conventional-release capsule (FPCR-50) was used. Dissolution tests of two products were run using the paddle method in 450 : 540 (v/v %) mixture of simulated gastric and intestinal fluids (K.P. VI) by adjusting medium pH according to time. FPCR-50 was dissolved very rapidly, and it took about 1.5 hr for FPCR-50 to be dissolved over 90%, whereas 15 hr for FPSR-150. Also, in pharmacokinetic study, ten healthy male volunteers were administered one capsule of FPSR-150 or two capsules of FPCR-50 (FPCR-l00) with randomized two period cross-over study. Significant differences between FPCR-l00 and FPSR-150 were found in mean times to reach peak concentration, mean resident times and mean terminal phase halflives, while not in AUC/Dose (Student's t-test). In ANOVA for AUC/Dose to compare the bioavailabilities of two FP products, there was no significant difference. From the comparison of the simulated steady-state plasma concentration-time curves following multiple medications of FPCR-50 (3 capsules a day, dosing interval=8 hrs) and FPSR-150 (1 capsule a day) based on the above results obtained from single doses of two FP products, it was noted that the medication of FPSR-150 is more useful in clinical application rather than FPCR-50.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.152-156
• /
• 2011

We have performed microencapsulation of phenyl acetate using poly (urea-formaldehyde) as a shell material, and studied the effect of agitation rate,. core/shell mass ratio, surfactant concentration, and reaction time on capsule characteristics such as size, shell thickness, and surface morphology. The formation of microcapsules was confirmed by FTIR and TGA, and capsule characteristics were studied by optical microscopy and FE-SEM. Capsule size and shell thickness reduced with increasing agitation rate. As the mass of shell material was increased, shell thickness and nanoparticles on capsule surface increased. Capsule size and shell thickness decreased with increasing the concentration of a surfactant. Increasing reaction time caused increased capsule yield and shell thickness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2022.10a
• /
• pp.2-5
• /
• 2022

Human organs in the body have a complex structure, and in particular, the small intestine is about 7m long, so endoscopy is not easy and the risk of endoscopy is high. Currently, the test is performed with a capsule endoscope, and the test time is very long. The doctor connects the removed storage device to the computer to store the patient's capsule endoscope image and reads it using a program, but the capsule endoscope test results in a long image length, which takes a lot of time to read. In addition, in the case of the small intestine, there are many curves due to villi, so the occlusion area or light and shade of the image are clearly visible during the examination, and there may be cases where lesions and abnormal signs are missed during the examination. In this paper, we provide a method of assisting small intestine capsule endoscopic lesion examination using artificial neural networks to shorten the doctor's image reading time and improve diagnostic reliability.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.49-54
• /
• 1992

This study was carried out for the purpose of developing an effective temazepam soft elastic gelatin capsule (softgel) which exhibits an excellent bioavailability and of comparing the rate and extent of absorption of temazepam from the marked elixir and prepared softgel using hydrophilic liquid such as polyethylene glycol 400 as a suspending agent by rotary die method. Both softgel and elixir containing 3 mg of temazepam were given to 7 healthy male New Zealand White rabbits in a single oral dose cross-over study. Plasma temazepam concentrations were measured by HPLC. The mean peak concentrations of temazepam following a single oral dosing as softgel and elixir dosage form were 13.84 and 13.25 ng/ml, respectively. And the mean time to peak concentration was 1.29 hr for the softgel and 1.07 hr for the elixir. There was no significant difference in the extent of drug absorption (AUC) for the two different dosage froms (p>0.05). While the softgel exhibited mean lag time of 0.63 hr, the elixir did not show any lag time. Statistical moment parameters such as the mean residence time and variance of the mean residence time did not differ significantly for the two formulations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
• /
• v.32B no.11
• /
• pp.1445-1454
• /
• 1995

In this study, we have developed a prototype of the automatic defects detection system for capsule inspection using the computer vision techniques. The subjects for inspection are empty hard capsules of various sizes which are made of gelatine. To inspect both sides of a capsule, 2-stage recognition is performed. Features we have used are various lengths of a capsule, area, linearity, symmetricity, head curvature and so on. Decision making is performed based on average value which is computed from 20 good capsules in training and permission bounds in factories. Most of time-consuming process for feature extraction is computed by hardware to meet the inspection speed of more than 20 capsules/sec. The main logic for control and arithmetic computation is implemented using EPLD for the sake of easy change of design and reduction in time for developement. As a result of experiment, defects on size or contour of binary images are detected over 95%. Because of dead zone in imaging system, detection ratio of defects on surface, such as bad joint, chip, speck, etc, is lower than the former case. In this case, detection ratio is 50-85%. Defects such as collet pinch and mashed cap/body seldom appear in binary image, and detection ratio is very low. So we have to process the gray-level image directly in partial region.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2002.07a
• /
• pp.494-496
• /
• 2002

A bi-directional and multi-channel wireless telemetry capsule, 11mm in diameter, is presented that can transmit video images from inside the human body and receive a control signal from an external control unit. The proposed telemetry capsule includes transmitting and receiving antennas, a demodulator, decoder, four LEDs, and CMOS image sensor, along with their driving circuits. The receiver demodulates the received signal radiated from the external control unit. Next, the decoder receives the stream of control signals and interprets five of the binary digits as an address code. Thereafter, the remaining signal is interpreted as four bits of binary data. Consequently, the proposed telemetry module can demodulate external signals so as to control the behavior of the camera and four LEDs during the transmission of video images. The proposed telemetry capsule can simultaneously transmit a video signal and receive a control signal determining the behavior of the capsule itself. As a result, the total power consumption of the telemetry capsule can be reduced by turning off the camera power during dead time and separately controlling the LEDs for proper illumination of the intestine.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.135-139
• /
• 2001

Purpose : Repair of the posterior capsule tear at the time of the operation for the chronic postero-lateral or postero-medial rotary instability has not been reported. We describe the arthroscopic repair of the posterior capsule tear using the posterior trans-septal portal. Method : After conducting basic arthroscopic examination of the knee, postero-medial and postero-lateral portals are secure to make the posterior trans-septal portal, through which the postero-medial and postero-lateral capsule tears are repaired using the suture hook under the arthroscopic guidance. Conclusion : When arthroscopic reconstruction of PCL insufficiency or postero-lateral rotaty instability that accompanies postero-medial or postero-lateral capsular tears. rising the posterior traits-septal portal could ensure better visualization of the capsule and a subsequent more accurate repair of the capsule. Since it significantly lessened instability, it could contribute to an achievement of successful clinical results.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.158-164
• /
• 1985

The objective of the study was to investigate growth pattern of capsule and grain to improve grain filling during the grain filling period in sesame. Growth patterns of capsule and grain from anthesis to maturity were measured and compared by different plant types. Growth of capsule length started to grow just after anthesis and recorded maximum point at 35 days after flowering. and then decreased gradually. Growth of higher part capsule was worse than lower and middle capsules. Capsule growth of 2 carpels 4 loculi type showed better than 4 carpels 8 loculi type and BTB (branch, 3 capsules, 2 carpels, 4 loculi) type showed good growth due to its small reduction of higher part capsule length compared to those of lower and middle parts. The order of growth of capsule length were considered to be center capsule in main stem> center capsule in branch> side capsule in main stem> side capsule in branch. Growth of capsule width also showed maximum at 35 days after anthesis and then reduced. The order of growth of capsule width were lower part> middle part> higher part. Higher part capsule width of 3 capsules 4 carpels 8 loculi type showed serious decrease at late reproductive growth stage same as those of capsule length. Fresh one thousand grain weight showed peak at 35 days after anthesis and then reduced. The order of grain growth were appeared as lower part> middle part> higher part. Growth of fresh one thousand grain weight of branch and side capsule were lower than those of main stem center capsule, and 4 carpels 8 loculi type was deeply decreased at late flowering time in higher part such as the growth of capsule length and width. BTB (branch, 3,2/4) type didn't show much decrease in higher part fresh grain weight compared to those of other plant types in spite of its profitable character of lots of sink capacity. BTB type appeared to be ideal for improving grain filling and yield productivity in growing sesame in Korea.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.255-261
• /
• 2007

A bioequivalence study of $Nimegen^{TM}$ soft capsule (Medica Korea Pharma. Co., Ltd.) to $RoAccutane^{(R)}$ soft capsule (Roche Korea Ind. Co., Ltd.) was conducted according to the guidelines of Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Thirty healthy male Korean volunteers received each medicine at the isotretinoin dose of 60 mg in a $2{\times}2$ crossover study. There was one week wash-out period between the doses. Plasma concentrations of isotretinoin were monitored by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for over a period of 48 hours after drug administration. $AUC_t$ (the area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to 48 hr) was calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule method. $C_{MAX}$ (maximum plasma drug concentration) and $T_{MAX}$ (time to reach $C_{MAX}$) were compiled from the plasma concentration-time data. Analysis of variance was carried out using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t\;and\;C_{MAX}$. No significant sequence effect was found for all of the bioavailability parameters indicating that the crossover design was properly performed. The 90% confidence intervals of the $AUC_t$ ratio and the $C_{MAX}$ ratio for $Nimegen^{TM}/RoAccutane^{(R)}$ were $log0.860{\sim}log0.98\;and\;log0.85{\sim}log1.00$, respectively. These values were within the acceptable bioequivalence intervals of $log0.80{\sim}log1.25$. Thus, our study demonstrated the bioequivalence of $Nimegen^{TM}\;and\;RoAccutane^{(R)}$ with respect to the rate and extent of absorption.