• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1992

This experiment was carrid out to determine the effect of cutting height and nitrogen level on dead stubble, tiller and branch new shoot dry matter yield and total dry matter of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid{Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench}.The main treatment was four cutting height(5cm, IOcm, 15cm, 20cm), and the sub treatment was three nitrogen level(l50kg, 250kg, 350kglha).The experiment was performed at the Collage of Natural Science of Kon-Kuk University at Chungju in 1988. 1. Plant length tends to increase in the high cutting height and high N level. Especially, the difference of plant height was significant in warm season. 2. The number of dead stubble after cutting was significantly(P

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.192-197
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of site-specific variable fertilization following digital fertility map generated from soil analysis on rice growth and yield. The site-specific application of fertilizer was implemented by using rice transplanter equipped with side dressing applicator and global positioning system (GPS). Coefficient of variation (C.V.) of soil nitrogen content was reduced after the experiment, and spatial variation of semivariogram was reduced. Rice growth from tillering to ripening stage, plant height, tiller and panicle number increased at site-specific variable fertilization treatment, and coefficient variation (C.V.) of each growth characteristics was lower than those of conventional fertilization treatment. As a result, fertility in the rice field was more uniform become of site-specific fertilizer application. Head rice yield of site-specific application plot increased by 9% (i.e., to from 450 kg/10a to 492 kg/10a of the control plot) and its CV was significantly reduced to 3.5 compared to 7.8 of the control plot. In addition, there was no significant difference in amylose, protein contents and whiteness of milled rice, but its CV was reduced.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.234-239
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• 2014

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seeding rates on the forage quality and productivity of direct-seeded whole crop rice at the experimental field of the Grassland and Forages Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA from 2007 to 2008. Whole crop rice variety, "Nokyang", developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, was directly seeded with four different seeding rates (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha). There were no significant differences (p<0.05) found in emergence date, heading date, greenish and disease resistance based on the seeding rates. Plant height increased at higher seeding rates but the tiller number per plant decreased (p<0.05). The dry matter (DM) content showed no significant difference based on seeding rates (p<0.05) while the yield of fresh and dry matter increased with incremented seeding rates (p<0.05). Acid detergent fiber (ADF) content increased with higher seeding rates, but the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content did not show a similar tendency. The total digestible nutrient (TDN) content was lowest with 120 kg/ha seeding rate. The grain ratio decreased at higher seeding rates. In economic analysis, the plot seeded at a rate of 60 kg/ha showed the highest income increment. Although high seeding rates increased the DM yield, a seeding rate of 60 kg/ha is recommended as the proper seeding rate for direct-seeded whole crop rice.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.698-703
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• 1996

To elucidate the proper nitrogen application method for machine transplanting of rice infant seedling in no-tilled paddy, Dongjinbyeo was used and nitrogen was applied five methods including conventional application method. Leaf color was darker at 80% of total nitrogen was applied as basal and lighter at 20% of total nitrogen was reduced than conventional application method in tillering stage, but wasn't significantly different after panicle formation stage among the application method. And it was thinner at tillering stage and was darker after panicle formation stage in no-tilled paddy compared with tilled paddy. Tiller number, LAI and top dry weight were more at 80% of total nitrogen was ap-plied as basal than conventional application method, and more in tilled paddy than no-tilled one at tillering stage, but at heading stage they were highest at top dressing applied 25 days after transplanting. C.G.R was highest at top dressing for tillering was delayed and it was lower in no-tilled paddy at tillering stage but was higher after panicle formation stage than in tilled one. Yield was highest at top dressing time was delayed among nitrogen application method, but wasn't significantly different between tilled method in same nitrogen application method.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.586-593
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• 2014

Newly reclaimed tidal land is known to be in low status of soil fertility. The incorporation of crop residue is an effective method to improve soil properties and fertility in reclaimed saline soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of rice straw (RS) application to improve physico-chemical properties of saline-sodic soil and its contribution to productivity of whole crop barley. Increasing rate of rice straw improved growth parameter related to yield of whole crop barley, which increased tiller number significantly (p<0.05).The yield increased by 15% (F.W) and 9% (D.W) in rice straw-amended plots. The content of soil organic matter (SOM) in the surface soil (0-20cm) with rice straw incorporation increased by 5~9% (RS 2.5~RS 7.5) compared to RS 0, in which the content of SOM decreased after two consecutive cultivations. Rice straw incorporation promoted soil physico-chemical properties and nutrient-availability of the test crop, as indicated in change in soil bulk density, porosity and increased nutrient uptake of plant. Especially, the P content and uptake of whole crop barley increased with increasing the rate of rice straw application. In conclusion, the rice straw application at rates of $5.0-7.5ton{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ in reclaimed saline soils effectively improved soil properties and crop productivity, which has potentials to reduce the loss of chemical fertilizers and facilitate the favorable condition for crop growth under adverse soil condition.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.21-28
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• 2008

The management of soil organic matter(SOM) is a key component of golf course green maintenance. As part of a major project examining the sustainable management of SOM on golf course greens, the SOM status of different age greens maintained in the same root zone composition and management were compared. Then the microbial activity, tiller number, bulk density, water content, pH, EC, and T-N in the soil were measured. In the 0${\sim}$5cm depth SOM accumulation showed no significant difference between greens. Below 5cm SOM showed a strong significance between greens and had a positive(+) correlation with year and negative(-) correlation with depth. when regression equations were used to predict SOM accumulation with year and depth, SOM below 5cm tended to increase with a rate of 0.061% . year$^{-1}$ and decrease with a rate of 0.079% . $cm^{-1}$(R2==0.841). Soil microbial activity was investigated with age and depth by using a dehydrogenase assay. Results showed a sharp drop with depth in all greens. The soil microbial activity below 5cm showed no difference between greens. The accumulated SOM below 5cm may be very resistant to decomposition in the long-term. Five years after establishment, the bulk density did not significantly change. The water content, EC, and T-N had a significant correlation with SOM. The pH decreased with the year, which may influence SOM accumulation. Organic matter accumulation was mainly affected by the pH decrase，low soil microbial activity, and high organic matter resistant to decomposition, but the effects of water content, EC, and T-N were obscure.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 1988

The response of forage yield was studied with various growth indices to develop yield model and to determine optimum cutting time in three cultivars of orchardgrass. 1. Number of tiller per plant was the highest at 3rd cutting stage. But, it was decreased rapidly at 4th cutting stage. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was the highest at 3rd cutting stage. LAI was increased slowly during 15 days to 20 days after cutting and thereafter increased rapidly. 2. In dry matter yield over cutting stages, 1st cutting and 3rd cutting stages were higher yield than others. Change of dry matter yield was similar to that of LAI in all cutting stages. 3. Leaf Elongation Rate (LER) and Specific Leaf Weight (SLW) were reached to maximum at 20 to 25 days and 25 to 30 days after cutting, respectively. 4. Dry matte yield was highly correlated with LAI (r-0.905)and with CGR (r-0.962) over three cultivars. Also, LAI was significantly with LER. The best-fit yield model was obtained in multiple regression equation which included both dependent variables of LAI and CGR. 5. Optimum cutting times which were determined by the relationships between D.M. yield and LAI, and between D.M. yield and CGR, were ranged from 32 days to 36 days depend on each cutting stages.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.221-234
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• 2016

The application of animal manure on farm fields is one of the most economical ways. However, the continuous application of manure in paddy fields might change soil properties influencing the growth of rice plant. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the changes in selected chemical and biological properties of soils and rice production as affected by the applications of two different fertilizer sources, which were the consecutive applications of liquid swine manure (LSM) and chemical fertilizer (CF), during the three experimental years, from 2012 to 2014. Application amount of LSM was based on 100% of nitrogen fertilizer recommendation rate for rice cultivation estimated by soil testing. Plant height and tiller number in rice at the first year of liquid swine manure manure plot were lower than those of chemical fertilizer plot. Height and tillers of rice in liquid swine manure plot were higher than those of rice in chemical fertilizer plot after consecutive application for 3 years. Rice yield In the first year of application was decreased by 7% than that of chemical fertilizer, but the yield of rice in the third year of application in LM 100% plot was increased by 8% compared to the chemical fertilizer. Toyo-taste value of milled rice in LM 100% was decreased by increasing of protein contents and decreasing rate of perfect grain. The K and Zn contents in the soil were increased in the plots of consecutive LSM application. The results implied that the liquid manure may neither decrease the yield of rice and nor increase soil properties except K and Zn in the soil, and decrease rice quality.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.325-332
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• 1983

To investigate interactions of silicate and phosphate applied in paddy soil, different levels of the two fertilizers were treated on pots of Jinheung variety of Japonica rice, then availability and absorption of the silicate and phosphate and growth of the rice plant were analyzed. The availability of silicate applied in soil was reduced by increased application of phosphate and this antagonism implied the interaction of silicate and phosphate in soil. The silicate absorption by rice plants was remarkably reduced by the phosphate application, while the phosphate absorption was reduce only at high levels of silicate. At low levels of silicate, the phosphate absorption was affected differently depending on growth stage or parts of the rice plant. The application of silicate fertilizers increased the pH of the soils. The application of silicate and phosphate fertilizers improved the plant height, the tiller number, and the grain weight, but not the dry weight of the grain. The effect of interaction of silicate and phosphate on the plant growth did not appeared.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.631-642
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• 2012

This study was carried out to determine the effect of SCB compost leachate on the growth and yield of rice. Field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil under the different fertilizer management; 80%, 100%, 130% N level of SCB leachate based on 13kg N/10a of conventional farmer application level and chemical fertilizer as control. The plant height and tiller's number of 80 and 100% N levels of SCB leachate were lower than that of the chemical fertilizer plot. But in the plot of 130% N level of SCB leachate the plant height and tillers was higher than that of chemical fertilizer. And the SPAD reading value of leaf in plot of 130% N level was higher than that of the chemical fertilizer. Rice yield in the 80% and 100% SCB leachate was increased from 12 to 13% that of plot of chemical fertilizer. But rice yield of 130% N-level was decreased 7% compared with chemical fertilizer. Rice quality of the application levels of 80 and 100% SCB leachate levels was significantly better than those of chemical fertilizer and 130% level of SCB leachate. In conclusion, the 100% N application of SCB leachate was improved yield and quality of rice.