• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2018

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate immune regulatory effects of the pharmacopuncture with MOK on hyperthyroid rats. Methods : The experimental hyperthyroidism was prepared by the intraperitoneal injection of L-thyroxine(LT4, 0.5 mg/kg) once daily for 2 weeks in Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. The pharmacopuncture with MOK extract(MOK pharmacopuncture) at doses of 0.3 or 3 mg/kg was injected on acupuncture points in the thyroid glands of hyperthyroid rats once a day for 2 weeks. Propylthiouracil(PTU, 10 mg/kg) as a reference group was subcutaneously injected into the dorsal neck. We measured the levels of $IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-4 in the sera of rats using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay(ELISA) and determined the expression of $IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-10, and Foxp3 in spleen tissues by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results : The treatment of MOK pharmacopuncture in hyperthyroid rats significantly decreased the serum levels of Th1 cytokine, $IFN-{\gamma}$(p<0.01 for MOK 0.3 mg/kg, p<0.05 for MOK 3 mg/kg, and p<0.05 for PTU) and significantly increased the levels of Th2 cytokine, IL-4(p<0.05 for MOK 0.3 mg/kg, p<0.001 for MOK 3 mg/kg, and p<0.05 for PTU) compared to control group. Also, the MOK pharmacopuncture significantly increased IL-4 expression(p<0.05 for MOK 3 mg/kg, and p<0.05 for PTU), IL-10(p<0.05 for MOK 3 mg/kg, and p<0.01 for PTU), and Foxp3(p<0.01 for MOK 0.3 mg/kg, p<0.05 for MOK 3 mg/kg and p<0.01 for PTU) in spleen tissues of hyperthyroid rats compared to control group. Conclusions : Our results suggest that MOK pharmacopuncture can help to ameliorate the pathological progression of hyperthyroidism by regulation of the Th1/Th2 imbalance.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.41-64
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was to evaluate the effect of Jaeumkanghwa-tang (JEKHT) on the propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced rat hypothyroidism. Methods: Six groups, each of 8 rats per group were used in the present study - intact vehicle control, PTU control, Levothyroxine ($LT_4$), JEKHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg treated groups. JEKHT were administered once a day for 42 days as an oral dose of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, and hypothyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous treatment of PTU 10 mg/kg for 28 days. The changes on the body and organ weight, serum hormone and lipid profiles, liver and testis antioxidant defense factors were observed with histopathology of organs. Results were compared with $LT_4$ 0.5 mg/kg intraperitoneally treated rats in this experiment. Results: PTU treatment, marked decrease of body weight, increases of thyroid weight, decreases of liver, testis, epididymis and prostate weights, decreases of serum Tri-iodothyronine ($T_3$), and Thyroxine ($T_4$) level with increase of serum Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level, decreases of serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) level with increases of serum Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) level, increases of serum High density lipoprotein (HDL), decrease of triglyceride content, increase of serum Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level, decreases of liver and testis antioxidant defense factors were observed. In addition, marked hyperplasia of follicular cells with decreases of follicular colloid contents and diameters was additionally demonstrated with the decrease of hepatocyte numbers per unit area due to hypertrophy of hepatocytes related to lipid droplet depositions, increase of a/oligospermatic epididymal tubules with epididymal atrophic changes, seminiferous tubular atrophy with decrease of stage I~II seminiferous tubules in testis, prostate tubular atrophic changes at histopathological inspections. However, these PTU induced hypothyroidism and related hepatic and male reproductive organ damages were favorably and dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of JEKHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, and JEKHT also effectively regulated the PTU-induced abnormal antioxidant defense factor changes in the both liver and testis. Conclusions: JEKHT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg dose-dependently inhibited PTU-induced hypothyroidism and related liver and male reproductive organ damages in rats.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.51-64
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• 1992

본(本) 실험(實驗)은 수유중(泌乳中)인 흰쥐를 대상(對象)으로 갑상선기능(甲狀腺機能)이 체중(體重)과 수유(泌乳)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코져 실시(實施)하였는 바 체중 250g 정도(程度)의 정상분만(正常分娩)한 암흰쥐 105마리를 thyroxine 처리군(處理群)(THY.군(群)), propylthiouracil 처리군(處理群)(PTU군(群)) 및 정상대조(正常對照) 군(群)(CON.군(群))의 3개군(個群)으로 나누어 35마리씩 배치(配置)한 다음 THY.군(群)에서는 L-thyroxine을 체중 100g당(當) $30{\mu}m$씩 3일(日) 간격(間隔)으로 주사(注射)하였고 PTU군(群)에서는 음수(飮水)를 0.03%의 propylthiouracil 용액(溶液)으로 만들어 자유급수(J自由給水)시켰다. 또한 각(各) 군별(群別)로 시간(時間)의 경과(經過)에 따라 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 및 21일(日)에 체중(體重)을 측정(測定)하였고 도살(屠殺) 후(後)에 갑상선(甲狀腺)의 중량측정(重量測定), 갑상선(甲狀腺)과 유선(乳腺)의 조직학(組織學)적 검색(檢索)을 실시(實施)하였으며 아울러 혈청중(血淸中) prolactin의 농도(濃度)를 측정(測定)하여 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 체중(體重)은 처리후(處理後) 3일(日)과 6일(日) 그리고 15일(日)과 18일(日)에서 비교군간(比較群間) 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되는 변화(變化)를 보였는데 PTU군(群)이 CON.군(群)과 THY.군(群)에 비(比)하여 낮은 중량치(重量値)를 나타냈다. 2 갑상선(甲狀腺)의 중량(重量)은 처리(處理) 9일(日) 후(後)부터 비교군간(比較群間)에 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었는데 PTU군(群)은 CON.군(群)과 THY.군(群)에 비(比)하여 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되는 높은 중량치(重量値)를 나타냈다. 3. 갑상선(甲狀腺)의 조직상(組織象)은 PTU군(群)의 경우 처리(處理) 6일(日) 후(後)부터 농포상피세포(濃胞上皮細胞)가 증식(增殖).비대(肥大)를 동반(同伴)한 원주화(圓柱化) 현상(現象)이 나타나기 시작하였고 이러한 현상(現象)은 수유말기(泌乳末期)까지 계속되었다 THY.군(群)은 처리(處理) 9일(日) 후(後)부터 핵농축(核濃縮)을 동반(同伴)한 농포상피세포(農胞上皮細胞)가 편평화(扁平化)되는 퇴행성(退行性) 변화(變化)를 나타냈다. 4. CON.군(群)의 prolactin 농도(濃度)는 처리(處理) 18일후(日後)에 최고치(最高値)를 보였고 THY.군(群)은 처리(處理) 12일후(日後)에 고도(高度)의 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되는 높은 농도(濃度)를 나타냈으며 PTU군(群)은 전(全) 실험기간(實驗其間)동안 다른 실험군(實驗群)에 비(比)하여 낮은 농도(濃度)를 나타냈다. 5. 유선(乳腺)의 조직학적(組織學的) 변화(變化)는 CON.군(群)과 THY.군(群)은 처리(處理) 12일후(日後)까지는 유선상피세포(乳腺上皮細)가 입방화(立方化)되는 조직상(組織象)을 나타냈으나 처리(處理) 후(後) 15일(日)부터는 THY.군(群)이 CON.군(群)보다 유선조직(乳腺組織)의 분화(分化)가 빠른 속도(速度)로 진행(進行)되었으며 PTU군(群)은 처리(處理) 후(後) 시간(時間)이 경과(經過)할수록 유선조직(乳腺組織)의 퇴행성(退行性) 변화(變化)가 야기(惹起)되어 처리(處理) 15일후(日後)부터는 유선상피세포(乳腺上皮細胞)의 탈락현상(脫落現象)과 유선포(乳腺胞)의 위축(萎縮)이 인지(認知)되는 조직소견(組織所見)이었다. 6. 신생자(新生仔)의 체중(體重)은 처리(處理) 후(後) 시간(時間)이 경과(經過)할수록 모든 실험군(實驗群)이 점차(漸次) 증가(增加)하였으나 PTU군(群)은 다른 실험군(實驗群)에 비(比)하여 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되는 낮은 체중치를 나타냈다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.132-146
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• 2016

Objectives This study's object was to observe the comparative effects of Yangkyuksanhwa-tang, Palmulgunja-tang and Cheongpyesagan-tang on the chronic LT4(levothyroxine) induced hyperthyroidism in rats.Methods Six groups, each of 8 rats in group, were used in this study. Saline and distilled water treated rats are intact control group. Hyperthyroidism was induced by daily subcutaneous LT4 300 μg/kg treatment for 27 days(LT4 control). Since 12th LT4 treatment PTU(propylthiouracil) 10 mg/kg was intraperitoneal injected(PTU group) and aqueous extracts of Yangkyuksanhwa-tang, Palmulgunja-tang and Cheongpyesagan-tang(YS, PG and CS) 500 mg/kg were orally administrated(YS, PG, CS group), once a day for 15 days. The differences in the body, thyroid gland and epididymal fat pad weights, serum T3(tri-iodothyronine), T4(thyroxine), TSH(thyroid-stimulating hormone), thyroid gland and epididymal fat pad histopathology, liver weight, AST(asparte aminotransferase), ALT(alanine aminotransferase) concentrations, hepatic lipid peroxidation, GSH(glutathione), SOD(superoxide dismutase), CAT(catalase) activities, liver histopathology were observed to evaluate effects on hyperthyroidism, liver damages and antioxidant effects.Results As results of LT4 treatment, hyperthyroidism and related liver damages such as lower body, thyroid weights, higher serum T3, T4, AST, ALT levels, thinner follicular lining epithelium in thyroid glands were observed. However, these symptoms were inhibited by oral treatment of YS, PG and CS. As compared with PTU treatment, these herbal prescriptions showed lower overall efficacy on the hyperthyroidism, but YS showed more favorable effects on the hepatic antioxidant defense systems.Conclusions This results suggest that YS, PG and CS favorably control the LT4 induced hyperthyroidism and related liver damages in rats through modulation of the hepatic antioxidative defense systems.