• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.357-358
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• 2019

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.120-122
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• 2022

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.6
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• pp.274-278
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• 2014

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by a combination of clinical criteria, including vascular thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity and elevated antiphospholipid antibody titers. It is one of the causes of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism that can be critical due to the mortality risk. Overall recurrence of thromboembolism is very low with adequate anticoagulation prophylaxis. The most effective treatment to prevent recurrent thrombosis is long-term anticoagulation. We report on a 17-year-old male with APS, who manifested blue toe syndrome, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary thromboembolism, and cerebral infarction despite adequate long-term anticoagulation therapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 1991

Result of St. Jude Medical valve replacement are presented in 106 patients who underwent operation from January 1985 through July 1989. The patient were 52 males and 56 females. Total 136 of St. Jude Medical valves were implanted; 91 in mitral position, 45 in aortic position. The hospital mortality rate was 5.7%o[6 patients] and the late mortality rate was 2.0%[2 patients]. The causes of death were low cardiac output in 5, iatrogenic right ventricular rupture in 1, heart failure in 1, ventricular arrhythmia in l. And, the causes of valve related complication were anticoagulant related hemorrhage in 5 patients[0.03% /patient-year] and thromboembolism[0.01% /patient-year] in 2 patients. In conclusion, the performance of the St. Jude Medical valve compare most favorably with other artificial valves. But it remains still hazards of mechanical prosthesis such as thromboembolism and anticoagulant related hemorrhage.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.461-470
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• 2017

Anticoagulant drugs, like vitamin K antagonists and heparin, have been the mainstay for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolic disease for many years. Although effective if appropriately used, traditional anticoagulants have several limitations such as unpredictable pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic responses and various adverse effects including serious bleeding complications. New oral anticoagulants have recently emerged as an alternative because of their rapid onset/offset of action, predictable linear dose-response relationships and fewer drug interactions. However, they are still associated with problems such as bleeding, lack of reversal agents and standard laboratory monitoring. In an attempt to overcome these drawbacks, key steps of the hemostatic pathway are investigated as targets for anticoagulation. Here we reviewed the traditional and new anticoagulants with respect to their targets in the coagulation cascade, along with their therapeutic advantages and disadvantages. In addition, investigational anticoagulant drugs currently in the development stages were introduced.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.672-677
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• 1984

Thromboembolism is a major cause of morbidity and death following implantation of cardiac prosthetic devices. Effective systemic anticoagulation is very important. The presence of thrombus can often be detected by pulmonary edema associated with the disappearance of valve clicks. 2-D echocardiography and phonocardiography are also valuable tools. The most common treatment is reoperation and replacement after discovery early. We have experienced one death of fatal thromboembolism after St. Jude valve replacement was done in 48 years old male diagnosed of severe mitral stenosis. He was treated with warfarin, aspirin, ticlopidine for 10 weeks but died suddenly. At autopsy, valve dysfunction was seen due to organic thrombus arising from atrial septum and confirmed with microscopic findings.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1041-1047
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• 1992

The consecutive 35 patients underwent isolated aortic valve replacement with the low-profile model of the Ionescu-Shiley pericardial xenograft valve from 1984 to 1991. Operative mortality was 2.9%, and early survivors were followed up for a total 136.1 patient-years[Mean$\pm$SD, 4.00$\pm$2.14 years]. The linearized late mortality was 2.204% /pt-yr. Three patients required rereplacement of the valve with overall valve failure rate of 2.204% /pt-yr: two for endocarditis and one for paravalvular leak. There was no case of primary tissue failure. The linearized annual rates of complication were: thromboembolism 0.735% /pt-yr, bleeding 0.735%pt-yr, and endocarditis 2.204% /pt-yr. The actuarial survival at 8 years of follow-up was 90.4$\pm$5.3%, and the probabilities of freedom from thromboembolism and from rereplacement were 95.6$\pm$4.4% and 88.2$\pm$6.7% at 8 years respectively. Although the low profile Ionescu-Shiley pericardial valve provided favorable clinical performance comparable with the standard model up to 8 years, it needs prolonged follow-up to assess the pattern of its durability.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1337-1345
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• 1992

One hundred and fourty-one Bjork-Shiley Monostrut valves were implanted in 105 consecutive patients from November 1983 to February 1990. There were 61 male and 44 female patients with a mean age of 33.6 years at the surgery. The cummurative follow-up was 370.3 patient-years with a mean of 44.0 months per patient. The operative mortality rate was 3.8%, and the linealized late mortality was 1.18%/patient-year. The incidence of major complications were 4.59%/patient-year, and the actuarial rate of freedom from valve-related morbidity was 80.2$\pm$4.4% at 7 years. The 7-year survival rate was 90.5$\pm$4.1%, and the actuarial rate of freedom from thromboembolism at 7 years was 93.3$\pm$2.3%. The linealized annual rates of complication were ; structural valve failure 0.27% /patient-year, non-structural valve failure 0.54% /patient-year, thromboembolism 1.62% /patient-year; bleeding 1.62% /patient-year; endocarditis 0.54% /patient-year. On the basis of our experience, we judged the Bjork-Shiley Monostrut valve reliable, with similar incidence of valve-related morbidity of other mechanical prosthetic valves.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.960-969
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• 1989

Results of St. Jude Medical valve replacement are presented in 171 patients who underwent operation from January 1983 through June 1989. The patients were 79 males and 92 females with ages ranging from 12 to 71 years. Total 211 of St. Jude Medical valves were implanted: 148 in mitral position, 57 in aortic position, 6 in tricuspid position. The follow-up was from 2 to 76 months with a cumulative period of 375 patient-year. The actuarial survival at 1 year, 3 year and 5 year were 92.1 %, 87.6 % and 86.3% respectively. The linearlized incidences of valve failure, thromboembolism, thrombotic obstruction, anticoagulation related hemorrhage and all valve related complication were as follows: 0.5 %/pt-yr, 0.5 %/pt-yr, 0.5 %/pt-yr, 1.1 %/pt-yr, and 2.4 %/pt-yr, respectively. The performance of the St. Jude Medical valve compares most favorably with other artificial valves. But it remains still hazards of mechanical prostheses such as thromboembolism and thrombotic obstruction.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.283-290
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• 1988

St. Jude Medical cardiac valve replacement was performed in 90 consecutive patients from Jan. 1984 to Dec. 1987. 54 had mitral, 12 had aortic and 24 had multiple valve replacement. Follow up extended for 1 to 47 months[mean 17.1 month] with a cumulative period of 1351 months. The overall actuarial survival rate at 4 years was 87.1% and overall hospital mortality was 6.7%. The linearlized incidence of thrombotic obstruction, thromboembolism, valve failure was 0.8% / pt. yr. each. The lower incidence of valve related mortality or morbidity was statistically significant. The performance of the St. Jude Medical mechanical valve was excellent compared to other substitute valves and has low incidence of thromboembolism or valve failure.