• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.406-434
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• 2019

In general, an information security approach estimates the risk, where the risk is to occur due to an unusual event, and the associated consequences for cloud organization. Information Security and Risk Management (ISRA) practices vary among cloud organizations and disciplines. There are several approaches to compare existing risk management methods for cloud organizations but their scope is limited considering stereo type criteria, rather than developing an agent based task that considers all aspects of the associated risk. It is the lack of considering all existing renowned risk management frameworks, their proper comparison, and agent techniques that motivates this research. This paper proposes Agent Based Information Security Framework for Hybrid Cloud Computing as an all-inclusive method including cloud related methods to review and compare existing different renowned methods for cloud computing risk issues and by adding new tasks from surveyed methods. The concepts of software agent and intelligent agent have been introduced that fetch/collect accurate information used in framework and to develop a decision system that facilitates the organization to take decision against threat agent on the basis of information provided by the security agents. The scope of this research primarily considers risk assessment methods that focus on assets, potential threats, vulnerabilities and their associated measures to calculate consequences. After in-depth comparison of renowned ISRA methods with ABISF, we have found that ISO/IEC 27005:2011 is the most appropriate approach among existing ISRA methods. The proposed framework was implemented using fuzzy inference system based upon fuzzy set theory, and MATLAB(R) fuzzy logic rules were used to test the framework. The fuzzy results confirm that proposed framework could be used for information security in cloud computing environment.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.198-205
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• 2021

For twenty years, in the EU there has been a trend of a lack of maritime infrastructure and a redundance of the road one, which has a negative impact on the economy. The intermodal transport market structure in the EU has not changed over the past ten years. The stability of transport systems due to the lack of changes in the transport market remains under threat, affecting supply chains and networks through the optimization of warehousing and transportation costs. The research methodology is based on a quantitative assessment of cause-and-effect relations between economic growth and transport and logistics in the EU. A statistical analysis of security indicators, intermodal and modal transport, international trade in goods within the EU and in the world trade in goods, the dynamics of GDP of the EU countries, the level of openness of the EU economy, investment and maintenance costs of different modes of transport and infrastructure has been carried out. The results show that in 2000- 2010 there were positive changes in the transport and logistics infrastructure of the EU, which had a positive effect on trade, openness of the economy of the EU, GDP growth. However, at that time, negative effects of environmental impact and the load on road and rail transport were accumulating. Investment in different modes of transport is limited, and technical maintenance and infrastructure maintenance costs form a significant part of GDP of the EU. A slowdown in economic growth leads to budget constraints and infrastructure financing gap. As a result, the freight and passenger intermodal and modal transport market structure remains virtually unchanged. The load on rail and road transport remains stable, despite the reduced level of transport hazards. Transport productivity has declined over the past ten years. Herewith, the intensification of trade and the openness of the EU economies require constant modernization and innovative renewal. The EU policy in this direction remains normative, uncontrolled, which is reflected in investment differences within the EU and maintenance costs.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.521-528
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• 2021

위협평가가 끝난 공중항적에 대해 적절한 대응무기를 할당하기 위해서는 교전예상지점을 고려하여 교전적합성을 평가하는 것이 필요하다. 논문에서는 공중항적이 교전공간을 통과할 때 공중항적의 상대거리, 접근방위각 및 고도 등 다변량 속성정보를 가지고 베이지안 정리를 적용하여 교전공간내 위치에 따른 격추확률을 계산하는 방법을 제시하였다. 계산결과 교전공간내에서의 각 지점별 격추확률값의 분포형태는 최적의 예상요격지점을 기준으로 다변량 정규분포를 따르고 있음을 확인하였고, 계산된 격추확률값은 교전공간을 통과하는 공중항적의 교전가능성 평가에 적용가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2020

최첨단 자산인 항공무기체계에 대한 사이버공격이 현실화되고 지속적인 위협으로 다가오고 있다. 그러나 현재 항공무기체계의 내장형 소프트웨어 특성상 평시 네트워크와 연결성 없이 관리되고 운용되어지고 있어 상대적으로 사이버공격에 대한 대응 관리가 취약한 실정이다. 따라서 사이버공격이 현실화 되었을 경우 그러한 공격이 항공임무명령서(ATO: Air Tasking Order) 수행에 미칠 악영향에 대한 평가방안과 대비가 절실하다. 본 논문에서는 항공무기체계에 대한 사이버공격이 발생할 경우 이에 대한 ATO수행의 혼란을 피하고 체계적인 대응을 위하여 작전영향성평가 프레임워크를 제안한다. 제안된 프레임워크는 항공무기체계 시스템별로 항공작전에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 이를 위한 대응조치들을 표준화함으로써 무경고하에 발생할 수 있는 사이버공격에 대하여 작전에 미치는 부정적 영향을 최소화할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 그리고 작전 지휘관이 사이버공격이 발생하는 상황 하에서도 작전수행을 위한 신속한 지휘결심을 할 수 있도록 지원한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권10호
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• pp.3909-3918
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• 2022

In the event of a severe accident, the reactor core may melt due to insufficient cooling. the high-temperature core melt will have a strong interaction (FCI) with the coolant, which may lead to steam explosion. Steam explosion would pose a serious threat to the safety of the reactors. Therefore, the study of steam explosion is of great significance to the assessment of severe accidents in nuclear reactors. This research focuses on the development of a two-dimensional steam explosion integrated analysis code called SEINA. Based on the semi-implicit Euler scheme, the three-phase field was considered in this code. Besides, the influence of evaporation drag of melt and the influence of solidified shell during the process of melt droplet fragmentation were also considered. The code was simulated and validated by FARO L-14 and KROTOS KS-2 experiments. The calculation results of SEINA code are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the results show that if the effects of evaporation drag and melt solidification shell are considered, the FCI process can be described more accurately. Therefore, it is proved that SEINA has the potential to be a powerful and effective tool for the analysis of steam explosions in nuclear reactors.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.306-309
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• 2022

프로바이오틱스가 널리 사용됨에 따라 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)와 식품의약품안전평가원이 제시하는 프로바이오틱스 안전성 평가 가이드라인에 준수하여 B. breve BB077의 안전성을 평가하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 B. breve BB077 균주는 용혈성이 발생하지 않았으며, 독소를 거의 생성하지 않았음을 확인하였다. 항생제 내성 평가에서는 7종의 항생제에서는 EFSA 권고 cut-off value 보다 낮은 항생제 내성을 보였으며, 2종의 항생제인 streptomycin와 tetracycline에서는 cut-off value 보다 높은 항생제 내성을 보였다. streptomycin, tetracycline에 대한 내성 결정인자는 B. breve 종의 공통 유전적 특징으로 외부로부터 전달 받은 내성이 아닌 자연돌연변이에 의한 획득내성이기에 사용에 안전한 균주임을 확인하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.365-374
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• 2021

White rot or stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most destructive fungal diseases that have become a serious threat to the successful cultivation of oilseed Brassicas. The study was designed with an aim to investigate the association between the pathogenic aggressiveness and pathogenicity determinants of this pathogen specifically in Brassica for the first time. For this, a total of 58 isolates of S. sclerotiorum from different geographical regions were collected and purified. These isolates were inoculated on a Brassica juncea cv. RL-1359 and they exhibited high level of variation in their disease progression. The isolates were grouped and then 24 isolates were selected for the biochemical analysis of pathogenicity determinants. The isolates varied significantly with respect to their total organic acids, oxalic acid production and pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase activity. The oxalic acid production corresponded to the disease progression of the isolates; the isolates with higher oxalic acid production were the more aggressive ones and vice-versa. This is, in our knowledge, the first study to establish a correlation between oxalic acid production and pathogenic aggressiveness of S. sclerotiorum on B. juncea. However, the pectinases' enzyme activity did not follow the trend as of disease progression. These suggest an indispensable role of oxalic acid in pathogenicity of the fungus and the potential to be used as biochemical marker for preliminary assessment of pathogenic aggressiveness of various isolates before incorporating them in a breeding program.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제80권6호
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• pp.749-765
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• 2021

Suspension bridges bear large eccentric live loads in rush hours when most vehicles travel in one direction on the left or right side of the bridge. With the increasing number and weight of vehicles and the girder widening, the eccentric live load effect on the bridge behavior, including bending and distortion of the main girder, gets more pronounced, even jeopardizing bridge safety. This study proposes an analytical algorithm based on multi-catenary theory for predicting the suspension bridge responses to eccentric live load via the nonlinear generalized reduced gradient method. A set of governing equations is derived to solve the following unknown values: the girder rigid-body displacement in the longitudinal direction; the horizontal projection lengths of main cable's segments; the parameters of catenary equations and horizontal forces of the side span cable segments and the leftmost segments of middle span cables; the suspender tensions and the bearing reactions. Then girder's responses, including rigid-body displacement in the longitudinal direction, deflections, and torsion angles; suspenders' responses, including the suspender tensions and the hanging point displacements; main cables' responses, including the horizontal forces of each segment; and the longitudinal displacement of the pylons' tower top under eccentric load can be calculated. The response of an exemplar suspension bridge with three spans of 168, 548, and 168 m is calculated by the proposed analytical method and the finite element method in two eccentric live load cases, and their results prove the former's feasibility. The nonuniform distribution of the live load in the lateral direction is shown to impose a greater threat to suspension bridge safety than that in the longitudinal direction, while some other specific features revealed by the proposed method are discussed in detail.

• KNOM Review
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.10-17
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• 2020

최근 보안이 취약한 IoT 장치를 악용하는 분산 서비스 거부 공격의 위협이 확산됨에 따라 신속하게 공격을 탐지하고 공격자의 위치를 찾기 위해 소스측 서비스 거부 공격 탐지 연구가 활성화되고 있다. 또한, 소스측 탐지의 지역적 한계를 극복하기 위해 개별 사이트에 위치한 소스측 네트워크들의 탐지 결과를 공유하는 협력형 소스측 공격 탐지 기법도 활성화되고 있다. 이 논문에서는 통계적 가중치를 이용하는 협력형 소스측 분산 서비스 거부 공격 탐지 기법의 성능을 평가한다. 통계적 가중치는 개별 소스측 네트워크의 시간대에 해당하는 탐지율과 오탐지율을 기반으로 계산된다. 제안된 기법은 여러 지역에서 발생한 소스측 서비스 거부 공격 탐지 결과들을 수집하고 가중치를 부여하여 결과를 도출하고, 이를 통해 DDoS 공격 발생 여부를 결정한다. 실제 DNS 요청 트래픽을 기반으로 실험한 결과, 제안된 기법은 높은 공격탐지율을 유지하면서, 공격오탐율을 2% 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2022

지속적인 폭염이 발생함에 따라 협착으로 인한 포장 솟음이나 교량 신축이음 파손 사례가 다수 발견되고 있다. 특히 교량에서의 협착은 구조물의 안전성을 위협하거나 장기적인 내구성을 저하시킬 수 있는 중요한 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 교량에 협착이 발생할 경우에 대한 구조해석 방법을 제시하고, 대표형식 교량에 대한 협착상태 구조해석을 수행하여 그 거동 영향을 확인하였다. 대표교량은 상부구조의 경우 콘크리트교와 강교, 하부구조의 경우 직접기초와 말뚝기초로 구분하여 선정하였으며, 측방유동압, 알칼리 골재반응에 의한 포장팽창, 뒤채움재의 Creep로 인한 침하를 협착에 대한 추가적인 하중으로 고려하였다. 구조해석 결과를 실제 측정된 유간 데이터와 비교하여 구조해석 방법을 검증하였다. 또한 협착에 의한 거동 영향 분석을 수행하여 축력이 증가함에 따른 상부구조의 형식별 안전율 변화 경향을 확인하였다.