• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1993년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.89-92
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• 1993

In this article, we present and analyze the results of the three consecutive in vivo experiments of the LVAD to evaluate the function of the LVAD and the adverse effects on living animals. We applied the LVAD consecutively to three mongrel dogs and the circulation of the blood was assisted under the anesthesia. We used in general both the asynchronous mode and the synchronous mode to drive the LVAD. During the experiments we monitored the dogs with a polygraph to evaluate the function of the LVAD and the additional effects on the natural hearts. We also examined several clinical pathologic tests in order to see the effects of the LVAD to the red blood cells and the other internal organs. The dogs survived for two to there days. The LVAD assisted the circulatory system at the maximum assist flow rate of 3.0 1/min. Although the red blood cells of the dogs had mechanical damages by the LVAD to result in the hemolysis, the degree of the hemolysis was not so high and the damages caused by the hemolysis on the dogs were not serious. The myocardium of the first dog was gradually worsened and eventually failed. The damage of the myocardium was due to the asynchronous driving mode of the LVAD. The other organs did not have serious damages due to the application of the LVAD. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the results of the in vivo experiments of the LVAD and to find better ways to the application of the LVAD to human beings.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.245-251
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• 2008

Single-channel recordings of TASK-1 and TASK-3, members of two-pore domain $K^+$ channel family, have not yet been reported in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, even though their mRNA and activity in whole-cell currents have been detected in these neurons. Here, we report single-channel kinetics of the TASK-3-like $K^+$ channel in DRG neurons and up-regulation of TASK-3 mRNA expression in tissues isolated from animals with spinal cord injury (SCI). In DRG neurons, the single-channel conductance of TASK-3-like $K^+$ channel was $33.0{\pm}0.1$ pS at - 60 mV, and TASK-3 activity fell by $65{\pm}5%$ when the extracellular pH was changed from 7.3 to 6.3, indicating that the DRG $K^+$ channel is similar to cloned TASK-3 channel. TASK-3 mRNA and protein levels in brain, spinal cord, and DRG were significantly higher in injured animals than in sham-operated ones. These results indicate that TASK-3 channels are expressed and functional in DRG neurons and the expression level is up-regulated following SCI, and suggest that TASK-3 channel could act as a potential background $K^+$ channel under SCI-induced acidic condition.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2014

Purpose: Rollover motor vehicle crashes have a higher injury severity and fatality than other motor vehicle crash types. From a left-quarter turn rollover accident of 25-passenger bus, we intend to assess the injury of the occupant and the injury severities according to the occupants' position. Methods: We carried out the 3 steps investigation of occupants' interview, visiting the repair shop and using the police report. We analyzed injuries sustained by occupants, and compared injury severities considering column, row in occupant's position and passenger interaction Results: The rollover involved 14 passengers in the bus who were all old women except a man driver. The most common injury was in the upper extremity, with six occurrences being a left clavicle fracture. Major injuries including hemothorax and pneumothorax were diagnosed at left side of the occupant. In the comparison of injury severity among driver's column (left side), mid column and passengercolumn, ISS of passenger column was the highest ($9.9{\pm}7.4$, $8.8{\pm}5.5$, and $10.3{\pm}4.0$, respectively, p>0.05). The injury severity of multiple occupants by row was higher than that of single occupant (10.8 vs. 3, p<0.05). Conclusion: An occupant must fasten their seat belt to prevent an injury by passenger interaction in the left-quarter turn rollover accident of a bus.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.523-526
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• 2014

세마리의 개가 골절을 주증으로 내원하였다. 증례 1(1.8 kg의 5개월령 암컷 몰티즈)과 증례 2(3.0 kg의 6개월령 암컷 푸들)는 좌측 후지의 체중부중을 하지 않는 파행을, 증례 3(3.3 kg의 나이를 알 수 없는 암컷 잡종견)은 좌측 전지의 체중부중을 하지 않는 파행을 보였다. 정형외과 검사시 손상받은 부위의 통증, 염발음, 촉진상의 불안정성과 광범위한 연부조직 부종을 보였으며 신경학적 이상소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 방사선 검사상 증례 1와 2에서 좌측 근위 경골 골간단과 비골의 골절이, 증례 3에서는 좌측 근위 요골 골간단과 척골의 골절이 관찰되었다. 모든 증례는 골절편이 짧은 관절주위 폐쇄형 골절이었다. 술 중에는 투시장치를 이용해 2개 또는 3개의 원형고정장치의 적절한 위치에 삽입하였다. 술 후 방사선 사진에서 골절부위의 적절한 배열과 위치를 확인하였다. 방사선학적으로 5주에서 14주 사이에서 골유합이 확인되었고 임플란트의 고정 실패나 핀 주변 감염은 나타나지 않았다. 기능상 결과는 모든 증례에서 매우 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 원형외고정장치는 뼈판이나 외고정장치를 사용할 수 없는 짧은 골절편을 가진 관절주의의 골절정복에 성공적으로 이용할 수 있을 거라 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.580-584
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 손상된 DNA를 수복하는 중요한 효소로 알려진 $O^6-methylguanine-DNA$ methyltransferase (MGMT)발현의 의미를 비소세포폐암종에서 면역조직화학 염색법으로 알아보고자 하였다. 동아대학교 의료원에서 2001년부터 2004년까지 외과적으로 적출한 폐암종 조직 중 비소세포암종으로 진단된 74예를 연구대상으로 하였다. 면역염색 결과, MGMT 발현은 총 74예 중 49예(66.2%)에서 양성을 보였으며, 25예(33.8%)에서 단백 소실을 보였다. 조직학적 유형에 따른 결과를 살펴보면, 편평세포암종은 8/39예(20.5%)에서 단백 소실이 보였고, 샘암종은 17/35예(48.6%)에서 단백 소실이 관찰되어 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(p=0.021). 하지만 나이, 성별, 흡연유무, 종양 크기, T 병기 및 림프절 전이에 따른 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다(p>0.05). MGMT 단백 발현 소실은 특히 promoter 메틸화와 연관되어 종양에서 관찰된다고 알려져 있으므로, 향후 연구에서는 비소세포폐암종의 MGMT 단백 소실에 대한 임상적 의의를 밝히기 위하여 promoter 메틸화 연구가 추가적으로 수행되어져야 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2015

연구목적 결핵환자 중 우울증 고위험 환자와 저위험 환자의 비교연구를 통해 결핵환자의 우울증 위험요인을 밝히고자 했다. 방 법 57명의 결핵환자를 대상으로 벡 우울 검사 2판을 이용하여 우울증상을 평가하였다. 우울증 고위험군과 저위험군으로 나누어 이분형로지스틱회귀분석 및 계산도표를 작성하였다. 결 과 신체비만지수가 낮아질수록 우울증 고위험군에 속할 위험은 높았다. 결핵치료 임의중단력이 있을 경우 우울증 고위험군에 속할 위험은 6배 높았다. 우울증 과거병력이 있는 경우 우울증 고위험군에 속할 위험은 25배 높았다. Original C-index는 0.789였고 bias corrected C-index는 0.754로 상당한 일치를 보였다. 결 론 낮은 신체비만지수, 결핵치료 임의중단력, 우울증 과거병력은 결핵환자의 우울증 위험요인임을 밝혔다. 이는 결핵환자에 대한 정신건강의학과적 개입 및 치료를 위한 근거자료가 될 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제84권4호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2021

Background: Radial probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial lung biopsy (RP-EBUS-TBLB) has improved the diagnostic yield of bronchoscopic biopsy of peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). The diagnostic yield and complications of RP-EBUS-TBLB for PPLs vary depending on the technique, such as using a guide sheath (GS) or fluoroscopy. In this study, we investigated the utility of RP-EBUS-TBLB using a GS without fluoroscopy for diagnosing PPLs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from 607 patients who underwent RP-EBUS of PPLs from January 2019 to July 2020. TBLB was performed using RP-EBUS with a GS without fluoroscopy. The diagnostic yield and complications were assessed. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors affecting the diagnostic yields. Results: The overall diagnostic accuracy was 76.1% (462/607). In multivariable analyses, the size of the lesion (≥20 mm; odds ratio [OR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.27-3.33; p=0.003), positive bronchus sign in chest computed tomography (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.40-3.78; p=0.001), a solid lesion (OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.31-4.41; p=0.005), and an EBUS image with the probe within the lesion (OR, 6.98; 95% CI, 4.38-11.12; p<0.001) were associated with diagnostic success. Pneumothorax occurred in 2.0% (12/607) of cases and chest tube insertion was required in 0.5% (3/607) of patients. Conclusion: RP-EBUS-TBLB using a GS without fluoroscopy is a highly accurate diagnostic method in diagnosing PPLs that does not involve radiation exposure and has acceptable complication rates.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2021

항-N-methyl-D-aspartate 수용체 뇌염(Anti-NMDAR encephalitis)은 NMDA 수용체에 대한 자가항체로 매개되는 신경 염증성 질환으로 초기에 뚜렷한 신경학 증상 없이 망상, 지각이상, 와해된 행동, 심한 불안, 인지기능저하 등의 정신증상이 두드러질 수 있다. 면역치료 혹은 종양제거와 같은 조기치료가 좋은 예후 인자이므로 질병초기에 정신질환과 구분하여 항-NMDAR 뇌염을 진단하는 것이 중요하다. 본 증례에서는 간질과 정신병적 증상을 보이는 26세 여성 A씨를 조기에 항-NMDAR 뇌염으로 확진한 뒤 양성 및 음성증상 척도(Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, PANSS)를 사용하여 평가하였다. A씨의 항-NMDAR 뇌염 초기의 정신증상으로 PANSS에서 양성하위척도 보다 음성하위척도 점수가 더 높았다. 정신장애와 비교하여 항-NMDAR 뇌염 초기에 음성증상과 인지장애가 더욱 두드러질 가능성이 있다. A씨의 치료로는 rituximab과 난소 기형종의 제거가 효과적이었고 항정신병제로는 quetiapine을 사용하였다. 특히 젊은 여성에서 망상, 행동장애와 함께 음성증상, 인지장애, 긴장증, 의식수준의 변화, 운동이상증상 등이 관찰될 때 항-NMDAR 뇌염에 대한 평가를 고려해야 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.335-344
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• 2019

Obesity causes inflammation and impairs thermogenic functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT). The adipokine lipocalin 2 (LCN2) has been implicated in inflammation and obesity. Herein, we investigated the protective effects of caloric restriction (CR) on LCN2-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress in the BAT of high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Mice were fed a HFD for 20 weeks and then either continued on the HFD or subjected to CR for the next 12 weeks. CR led to the browning of the white fat-like phenotype in HFD-fed mice. Increased expressions of LCN2 and its receptor in the BAT of HFD-fed mice were significantly attenuated by CR. Additionally, HFD+CR-fed mice had fewer neutrophils and macrophages expressing LCN2 and iron-positive cells than HFD-fed mice. Further, oxidative stress and mitochondrial fission induced by a HFD were also significantly attenuated by CR. Our findings indicate that the protective effects of CR on inflammation and oxidative stress in the BAT of obese mice may be associated with regulation of LCN2.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether tidal volume (TV) of 8 mL/kg without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and TV of 6 mL/kg with or without PEEP in pressure-controlled ventilation-volume guaranteed (PCV-VG) mode can maintain arterial oxygenation and decrease inspiratory airway pressure effectively during one-lung ventilation (OLV). Methods: The study enrolled 27 patients undergoing thoracic surgery. All patients were ventilated with PCV-VG mode. During OLV, patients were initially ventilated with TV 8 mL/kg (group TV8) without PEEP. Ventilation was subsequently changed to TV 6 mL/kg with PEEP ($5cmH_2O$; group TV6+PEEP) or without (group TV6) in random sequence. Peak inspiratory pressure ($P_{peak}$), mean airway pressure ($P_{mean}$), and arterial blood gas analysis were measured 30 min after changing ventilator settings. Ventilation was then changed once more to add or eliminate PEEP ($5cmH_2O$), while maintaining TV 6 mL/kg. Thirty min after changing ventilator settings, the same parameters were measured once more. Results: The $P_{peak}$ was significantly lower in group TV6 ($19.3{\pm}3.3cmH_2O$) than in group TV8 ($21.8{\pm}3.1cmH_2O$) and group TV6+PEEP ($20.1{\pm}3.4cmH_2O$). $PaO_2$ was significantly higher in group TV8 ($242.5{\pm}111.4mmHg$) than in group TV6 ($202.1{\pm}101.3mmHg$) (p=0.044). There was no significant difference in $PaO_2$ between group TV8 and group TV6+PEEP ($226.8{\pm}121.1mmHg$). However, three patients in group TV6 were dropped from the study because $PaO_2$ was lower than 80 mmHg after ventilation. Conclusion: It is postulated that TV 8 mL/kg without PEEP or TV 6 mL/kg with $5cmH_2O$ PEEP in PCV-VG mode during OLV can safely maintain adequate oxygenation.