• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to report clinical effects of Lumbar flexion-distraction manipulation and Sitting position thoracic and lumbar vertebra adjustment manipulation on patient with Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis Methods : The patients have been treated with the above two Chuna manual manipulations. We measured Cobb's angle, VNRS before and after treatment Results : After treatment, we confirmed these transition : In first case, Cobb's angle of T-spine changed from 27 to 23 : Cobb's angle of L-spine changed from 17 to 10 : VNRS changed from 6 to 2. In second case Cobb's angle of T-spine changed from 30 to 21 : Cobb's angle of L-spine changed from 16 to 16 : VNRS chagned from 6 to 3 Conclusion : The result suggests that these two Chuna manual manipulations were effective treatment on patients with Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.166-170
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• 2007

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical outcome of the two-stage operation for thoracic tuberculous spondylitis. Methods : Eleven patients [4 male, 7 female] with thoracic tuberculous spondylitis were treated with two-stage operation. First stage consisted of anterior debridement and interbody fusion using rib graft and second with posterior instrumentation with fusion. Mean age was 46 years, and mean follow-up period was 18 months. All patients were treated with 12 months of antituberculotic medication postoperatively, and evaluated before and after surgery with respect to pain level, neurological status, associated lesions, hematological parameters and change of kyphotic angle. Results : The associated lesions were pulmonary tuberculosis in 4 cases. There were no recurrences of infection and bone union was obtained within 6 months of the operation in all cases. Changes in the pain severity, neurological status, and hematological parameters demonstrated significant clinical improvement in all patients. The mean kyphotic angle was corrected from $17.8^{\circ}$ to $9.8^{\circ}$ after surgery. The most recent follow-up of the mean kyphotic angle was $12.3^{\circ}$, with a loss of correction of $2.5^{\circ}$. The preoperative VAS averaged to be 7.18 [range, 4-10]. It decreased significantly an average of 1.45 [p <0001]. Conclusion : These results indicate that two-stage surgical treatment for thoracic tuberculous spondylitis provid safe and satisfactory results. Spine instability and kyphosis can be also prevented by two-stage operation.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.147-159
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical application of chuna for thoracic in the patients with nuchal pain. Methods Seven patients were treated by chuna for thoracic to evaluate the effect of the treatment. The patient's symptoms were assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), neck disability index (NDI) and cervical lordotic curvature. Results In all cases, the pain was reduced according to VAS, NDI. Cervical lordotic curvature of 6 cases were improved in terms of Jackson's angle. 5 cases were improved in terms of Depth of cervical curve and Method of Jochumsen. 4 cases were improved in terms of Angle of cervical curve (C2~C7) and Ishihara index. 3 cases were improved in terms of Angle of cervical curve (C1~C7). Conclusions These results suggest that chuna on thoracic might be an effective method to treat nuchal pain with extension malposition of thoracic. But, it's necessary to have more observations and experiments.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the flexicurve kyphosis index (KI), the flexicurve lordosis index (LI) and the distance from the inferior angle of the scapula to the nearest vertebral spinous process (DS), as a dependent variable of scapular protraction, after applying of adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis using three different garments. A repeated measures design was used. Ten adolescents ($15.8{\pm}1.0$ years) with thoracic hyperkyphosis ($40.1{\pm}3.7$ Cobb angle) were recruited from a university hospital. A flexicurve ruler was used to measure KI and LI and a scoliometer was used to measure DS under three different conditions: wearing-a hospital garment (HG), wearing-a sham garment (SG), and wearing-an experimental garment (EG). KI under EG condition was significantly decreased compared with that wearing the HG. However, there was no significant difference between wearing the SG and HG. LI when wearing the EG was significantly increased compared with that when wearing HG. However, there was no significant difference under SG and HG conditions. DS when wearing the EG was significantly decreased compared with wearing HG. However, there was no significant difference between the SG and HG. The results of this study show that the EG was effective in decreasing KI, but not effective in decreasing LI. Hence, the effect of the EG for correcting sagittal spine angle in adolescents with thoracic hyperkyphosis is still debatable. However, since we showed that DS decreases in the EG, this method could be applied in correcting the scapular protraction.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to find the relationship between standing posture biomechanics and physical fitness in the elderly. Physical fitness variables and postural variables for 227 (140 women and 87 men) elderly individuals were tested. Physical fitness tests (Korean Institute of Sports Science, 2012) included 3m sit, walk, and return, grip test, 30 second chair sit and stand, sit and reach, figure 8 walks, and 2 minute stationary march. Postural biomechanics variables included resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP), shoulder slope, pelvic slope, knee flexion angle, leg length difference, thoracic angle, and upper body slope. In statistical analysis, multiple regression was conducted by using stepwise selection method via SAS (version 9.2). Analysis for both men and women revealed significant relationships between physical fitness and age, upper body slope, knee flexion angle, leg length difference. Pelvic and thoracic angle were only related to figure 8 walking and sit and reach in women, while RCSP and shoulder slope had no relationship with any physical fitness variables.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1066-1070
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• 2016

The purpose of this article was to investigate the effects of Maitland's transverse movement on change of pain, trunk flexion movement and Cobb's angle in patient with upper thoracic scoliosis. The subject are 37 years old with chronic low back pain participated in this study and has no experience surgery within the last six months due to back pain. 10 set was applied 10 times on the T3-T5 applied the transverse movement with grade IV to each segment by skilled physical therapist. Transverse movement was applied convex toward the concave side. Pressure pain threshold was reduced from 4/10 to 2/10. Trunk flexion range that is the distance between the middle finger and floor was increase from 7.3cm to 2cm. Cobb's angle was decreased from degree 18 to 16. This result demonstrated that the Maitland's transverse movement was benefit to reduce the pain and Cobb's angle, and to increase the trunk flexion movement.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.38-48
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• 2004

The purpose of present study is to examine the relative efficacy of active exercise programs for work-related chronic low back pain and to figure out how much they affect mechanical stability of lumbar. Subjects are 43 employees with work-related chronic low hack pain, and they were randomly divided into two groups with general physiotherapy groups and thoracic exercise groups for increasing thoracic mobility. Active exercise programs were done 3 times a week, for 6 months, and the subjects were tested for Pain intensity(VAS), the Oswestry Disability Index, Maximal stretching with both hands in the overhead direction and the lumbar region angle of inclination. All subjects were reassessed with same measurement with Pre-study and 6 months after study After applying active exercise programs, pain intensity didn't show any significant difference between two groups. The Oswestry Disability Index showed significant difference between two groups and thoracic exercise groups decreased significantly compare to general physiotherapy group(p<0.05). Maximal stretching with both hands in the overhead direction showed significant difference between two groups and thoracic exercise group increased significantly more than general physiotherapy groups(p<0.05). The lumbar region angle of inclination showed significant difference between two groups and thoracic exercise group decreased significantly more than general physiotherapy groups (p<0.05). According to the results above, exercise for increasing thoracic mobility has an effect on lumbar stability. For the work-related chronic lower hack pain workers, it is far more effective for lumbar stabilization than general physiotherapy.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2023

Objective: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients make up 40% of all scoliosis patients, and it is likely to increase even more because of the increase in sitting times due to the pandemic. Method: The subject of this study was a 16-year-old female student. The Cobb's Angle at initial value was 42° at the thoracic and 33° at the lumbar. The subject's height was 161.6 cm, and the type of scoliosis was 3CL. The brace was built with fabric materials with the size information from the X-ray information and actual measurements. The brace was made for the adolescents to wear for a longer time by making them put pressure on the same pressure points of the existing braces. The subjects were required to wear the device for 16 hours every day for three months. Additional features to check the pressure and time were synchronized through an app for easier communication and management with the responsible investigator. Results: After wearing the 3D Fabric brace, Cobb's angle changed from 42° to 33° at the thoracic and 33° to 23° at the lumbar. The ATR changed from 9° to 8° at the thoracic and 11° to 6° at the lumbar. As a result, the changes in the ATR angle do relate to the decrease of Cobb's angle, which made the angle of scoliosis that is bent in a three-dimensional way improve, making the height of the subject increase from 161.6 cm to 163.5 cm. Conclusion: Through this study, developing a brace that is made in the form of the 3CL to align the strap direction and putting pressure on the proper pressure points makes Cobb's angle and the ATR smaller. This means that there is a positive effect on the changes in height. A brace made of light fabric material is a good brace to help treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. There was an opinion that it is more comfortable to wear than existing braces, but it seems necessary to conduct a quantitative study about the before and after of wearing the brace and a survey for Korean specific cases.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.57-63
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• 2011

Background: To investigate the effect of various intervention application on idiopathic scoliosis patient. Methods: One 20-years-old female subject underwent various intervention 3 times per week for 7 weeks. Modality physical therapy, muscle energy technique, combined pelvic tilt exercise and self exercise was performed for 50minutes. Degree of pain, axial trunk rotation, Cobb's angle, kyphotic angle, lumbar lordotic angle, and sacral angle were measured. Results: The subject decreased in degree of pan, axial trunk rotation, Cobb's angle, thoracic kyphotic angle, lumbar lordotic angle and sacral angle. Conclusions: The various interventions for scoliosis patients are effective in the pain and the improvement of angle on radiograph. However, any method is difficult to determine effective interventions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.169-174
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to establish normal values for the thoracic limb joint reference angles in Shih Tzu dogs and to describe the standardized CT methodology for measuring the joint reference angle of the humerus. Five pairs of thoracic limbs of Shih Tzu dogs were collected for the CT scans in this study. Three blinded observers measured the joint reference angle of the humerus and radius for each dog by using CT scans in the frontal, sagittal, and axial planes. The means (± SDs) for the average of the right and left humeral joint reference angles were as follows: mMPHA, 83.74 ± 3.95°; mLDHA, 85.04 ± 2.57°; mCaPHA, 46.75 ± 2.20°; mCrDHA, 79.47 ± 1.97°; and HTA, 19.16 ± 2.38°. Means (± SD) for the average of right and left of the radial joint reference angles were as follows: aMPRA, 85.04 ± 1.58°; aLDRA, 87.59 ± 1.37°; aCrPRA, 84.60 ± 1.46°; aCdDRA, 84.27 ± 1.79°; and RTA, 20.91 ± 3.00°. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of the joint reference angles for the inter- and intraobserver reliability were good to excellent, except those for the mCrHA and HTA were moderate. Our results suggest that the method of measuring joint reference angles of other long bones by using CT can be applied to thoracic limbs and can extract valid values for one specific breed.