• 대한화학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 1966

The effect of temperature on the critical micelle concentration of dodecylpyridinium chloride has been determined by electrical conductance method over the range from $5^{\circ}C\;to\;50^{\circ}C$. The values of the change in heat content, ${\Delta}H_m$, and the other thermodynamic parameters have been estimated using the equation of temperature dependence on the critical micelle concentration for the same temperature range. The significance of these thermodynamic quantities and their relations to the various current theories of micelle forming processes were discussed.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.36-39
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• 2005

The thermodynamic analysis of deoxidation in molten coppyr by Fe has been made. Equilibrium oxygen solubility saturated with FeO in Cu-Fe-O system has been derived without and with consideration of the solute interaction between Fe and O. The derived relationship of oxygen contents with Fe has been compared with the experimental results done by Kulkarni and the minimum oxygen solubility could be predicted by a simple first order interaction method, Wagner model.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2002

The determination of DNA hybridization reaction can apply the molecular biology research, clinic diagnostics, bioengineering, environment monitoring, food science and application area. So, the improvement of DNA hybridization detection method is very important for the determination of this hybridization reaction. Several molecular biological techniques require accurate predictions of matched versus mismatched hybridization thermodynamics, such as PCR, sequencing by hybridization, gene diagnostics and antisense oligonucleotide probes. In addition, recent developments of oligonucleotide chip arrays as means for biochemical assays and DNA sequencing requires accurate knowledge of hybridization thermodynamics and population ratios at matched and mismatched target sites. In this study, we report the characteristics of the probe and matched, mismatched target oligonucleotide hybridization reaction using thermodynamic method. Thermodynamic of 5 oligonucleotides with central and terminal mismatch sequences were obtained by measured UV-absorbance as a function of temperature. The data show that the nearest-neighbor base-pair model is adequate for predicting thermodynamics of oligonucleotides with average deviations for $\Delta$H$^{0}$ , $\Delta$S$^{0}$ , $\Delta$G$_{37}$ $^{0}$ and T$_{m}$, respectively.>$^{0}$ and T$_{m}$, respectively.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2003년도 춘계전력전자학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.10-14
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• 2003

This paper deals with the design of heat dissipation system using the forced air cooling method. It suggests the method of appropriately dividing the whole thermodynamic system into analytical subsystems and also presents the correspondent analytic or experimental equations to subsystems. The experimental results on the designed thermodynamic system for 400kw 1GBT inverter show the validity of the proposed design method in the steady state.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.445-453
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• 2021

다양한 합금계에 대한 계산열역학은 CALPHAD 기법으로 잘 알려져있다. 실험적으로 측정된 열역학 특성들을 활용하여 각 상에 대한 Gibbs 에너지 모델 파라미터들을 구하여, 주로 실험적으로 측정되지 못한 영역에 대한 예측이나 실험 결과에 대한 열역학 해석에 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 내열 주조 합금 (IN-657)이 장시간 사용 후에 일정 영역에서 파괴되는 현상의 열역학적 해석을 위해 Ni-Cr-Nb-C 사원계 시스템의 열역학 모델링을 수행하였고, Cr 함량에 따른 시스템의 안정상, 온도에 따른 상분율 및 Ni₂Cr상의 long range ordering 파라미터를 계산하였고 실험결과와 비교하였다. 계산된 열역학 물성들은 실험으로 보고된 파괴온도 영역 및 해당 영역에서 생성된 안정상에 대한 결과를 잘 설명한다. CALPHAD 기법을 통한 열역학 모델링은 다양한 주조 합금의 열역학적 거동을 해석하고 예측하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1475-1482
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• 2006

Wet compression means the injection of water droplets into the compressor of gas turbines. This method decreases the compression work and increases the turbine output by decreasing the compressor exit temperature through the evaporation of water droplets inside the compressor. Researches on wet compression, up to now, have been focused on the thermodynamic analysis of wet compression where the decrease in exit flow temperature and compression work is demonstrated. This paper provides thermodynamic and aerodynamic analysis on wet compression in a centrifugal compressor for a microturbine. The meanline dry compression performance analysis of centrifugal compressor is coupled with the thermodynamic equation of wet compression to get the meanline performance of wet compression. The most influencing parameter in the analysis is the evaporative rate of water droplets. It is found that the impeller exit flow temperature and compression work decreases as the evaporative rate increases. And the exit flow angle decreases as the evaporative rate increases.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 1954

Fowler obtained thermodynamic quantities assuming the theory which could be derived by representing the system with microcanonical ensemble, in order to introduce the temperature T of the system proper, he considered the combined systems which are composed of the system proper and another arbitrary system that is in thermal contact with the former, and represented the combined system by a microcanonical ensemble, here, he used the steepest descent method in his calculation. This Fowler's treatment is not only unsatisfactory at the point of theoretical view but also he could not make the formulation of free energy of Helmholtz's so that this formular was forced to be assumed. From the point of Quantum Statistical Mechanical view, the materially closed system which is in an equilibrium state with the temperature T is best represented by canonical ensemble. At the actual derivation of the distribution law and thermodynamic quantities, however, in order to avoid the difficulty of calculation Tolman proceeded his calculation either representing the system proper by the grand-canonical ensemble or adding a certain limitation.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2011

몬테칼로 시뮬레이션 방법을 사용하여 유기화합물의 열역학적 물성을 예측하는 새로운 분자 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 분자 구조, 분자간 포텐셜 에너지 함수와 엄밀한 통계역학적 원리로부터 많은 분자들을 포함한 계의 거동에 대한 확률 분포를 구하고 거시적인 계의 열역학적 물성을 계산한다. 본 연구에서 개발된 소프트웨어 cheMC는 윈도우즈 플랫폼에 기반하여 사용자 접근성이 좋고, 가시화 도구 및 차트 생성 기능 등 직관적인 인터페이스로 시뮬레이션 관리가 쉽다. 분자 시뮬레이션은 기존의 상태 방정식을 사용한 열역학 물성 연구를 보완하고, 향후 그 역할이 점점 더 커질 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2010

Phosphorus exhibits considerable segregation in steelmaking slag. In order to recover phosphorus from slag to $K_3PO_4$ via molten iron, a carbothermic reaction using microwave heating was suggested recently. The carbothermic reduction of phosphorus from slag to molten iron using microwave heating was carried out at 2073K. However, at this temperature the thermodynamic properties of both slag and molten iron cannot be determined experimentally. Therefore, the computational approach of the so-called CALPHAD method is very useful to understand the transfer of phosphorus from slag to metal and to enhance this reaction. In the present investigation, a theoretical study of the reduction behavior of phosphorus in slag was carried out at much lower temperatures using the recently developed thermodynamic database in the FactSage program. The calculated results showed reasonable accordance with the experimental data; namely, the thermodynamic database could be applied successfully to higher temperature reactions. The current study found that higher temperature and high $SiO_2$ concentration are favorable for the recovery of phosphorus from slag.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2011

증기표의 상태량들은 실험을 통하여 얻어진 값이거나 적절한 가정하에서 근사적으로 계산된 값이다. 따라서 증기표의 상태량들은 기본적으로 오차를 가지고 있다. 또한 이러한 상태량을 수치해석에서 사용하기 위하여는 함수 근사를 통하여 모델링하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 포화증기표에 대해 난수를 적절한 크기로 조절한 다음 원래의 성질들에 더하여 인위적으로 노이즈가 포함된 데이터를 만들어 측정오차를 포함하는 상태량의 대용으로 사용했다. 이 데이터의 모델링에는 신경회로망과 2차 스플라인 보간법을 사용되었다. 해석 결과 양단에서는 스플라인 보간법이 신경회로망보다 훨씬 더 적은 상대오차를 보였으며, 양단을 제외하면 신경회로망은 대체로 ${\pm}0.2%$, 스플라인 보간법은 ${\pm}0.5$~1.5%의 오차를 보였다. 이것은 사용 범위에서는 신경회로망이 스플라인 보간법보다 훨씬 더 적은 상대오차를 가진다는 것을 의미한다. 이 결과로부터 신경회로망이 스플라인 보간법보다 원래의 값은 더 잘 추적할 수 있으며, 신경회로망이 포화증기표의 모델링에 더 적절한 방법이라는 사실을 확인하였다.