• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.117-131
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• 2002

Core disruptive accidents have been investigated at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute(KAERI) as part of the work to demonstrate the inherent and ultimate safety of conceptual design of the Korea Advanced Liquid Metal Reactor(KALIMER), a 150 MWe pool- type sodium cooled prototype fast reactor that uses U-Pu-Zr metallic fuel. In this study, a simple method and associated computer program, SCHAMBETA, was developed using a modified Bethe-Tait method to simulate the kinetics and thermodynamic behavior of a homogeneous spherical core over the period of the super-prompt critical power excursion induced by the ramp reactivity insertion. Calculations of the energy release during excursions in the sodium-voided core of the KALIMER were subsequently performed using the SCHAMBETA code for various reactivity insertion rates up to 100 S/s, which has been widely considered to be the upper limit of ramp rates due to fuel compaction. Benchmark calculations were made to compare with the results of more detailed analysis for core meltdown energetics of the oxide fuelled fast reactor. A set of parametric studies were also performed to investigate the sensitivity of the results on the various thermodynamics and reactor parameters.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.1443-1451
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to design a robust power control system for a small pressurized water reactor (PWR) to achieve stable power operations under conditions of external disturbances and internal model uncertainties. For this purpose, the multiple-input multiple-output transfer function models of the reactor core at five power levels are derived from point reactor kinetics equations and the Mann's thermodynamic model. Using the transfer function models, five local reactor power controllers are designed using an H infinity (H_∞) mixed sensitivity method to minimize the core power disturbance under various uncertainties at the five power levels, respectively. Then a multimodel approach with triangular membership functions is employed to integrate the five local controllers into a multimodel robust control system that is applicable for the entire power range. The performance of the robust power system is assessed against 10% of full power (FP) step load increase transients with coolant inlet temperature disturbances at different power levels and large-scope, rapid ramp load change transient. The simulation results show that the robust control system could maintain satisfactory control performance and good robustness of the reactor under external disturbances and internal model uncertainties, demonstrating the effective of the robust power control design.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.586-595
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• 2010

초음속에서 극초음속 영역까지 작동 가능한 이중램제트(이중연소/이중모드) 추진기관의 성능특성을 파악하고 설계인자를 도출하기 위하여 램제트/스크램제트 추진기관의 작동원리에 대한 물리적인 이해를 바탕으로 공기 및 열역학적 관점에서 각 추진기관의 성능특성에 대한 이론적인 연구를 수행하였다. 사이클 해석을 기반으로 하여 각 추진기관의 연소기 입구 마하수와 연소기 형상에 따른 성능특성 및 작동영역의 한계를 연구하였다. 이를 바탕으로 이중램제트의 작동천이 마하수를 파악하고 효율적인 작동영역분배특성을 살펴보았다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.416-423
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• 2009

High-temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) using solid oxide cell is a challenging method for highly efficient large-scale hydrogen production as a reversible process of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The overall efficiency of the HTSE hydrogen and synthesis gas production system was analyzed thermo-electrochemically. A thermo-electrochemical model for the hydrogen and synthesis gas production system with solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) and very high temperature gas-cooled reactor (VHTR) was established. Sensitivity analyses with regard to the system were performed to investigate the quantitative effects of key parameters on the overall efficiency of the production system. The overall efficiency with SOEC and VHTR was expected to reach a maximum of 58% for the hydrogen production system and to 62% for synthesis gas production system by improving electrical efficiency, steam utilization rate, waste heat recovery rate, electrolysis efficiency, and thermal efficiency. Therefore, overall efficiency of the synthesis production system has higher efficiency than that of the hydrogen production system.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권9호
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• pp.805-815
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• 2007

단일추력의 정상 작동 상태의 액체 로켓 엔진 시스템 모듈화 프로그램을 작성하기 위한 선행 연구로 엔진 주요 구성품들에 대한 성능설계 프로그램을 작성하였다. 주요 구성품으로는 추력실, 원심형 펌프, 충동형 터빈, 재생 냉각 채널 등이 고려되었다. 복잡성을 피하기 위하여 열역학적 관계식 및 비점성 이론을 바탕으로 한 여러가지 관계식들과 간략한 수학적 모델을 사용하였다. 본 논문에서는 도출된 결과를 정성적으로 살펴보고, 주요 설계 파라미터를 바꿔가면서 구성품의 작동특성 변화에 대한 경향성을 검토함으로써 일반적인 구성품 설계 이론에 부합하는가를 확인하였다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2017

This paper describes numerical modeling of transcritical and supercritical fluid flows within a liquid propellant rocket engine. In the present paper, turbulence is modeled by standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model. A conserved scalar approach in conjunction with multi-environment probability density function model is used to account for the turbulent mixing of real-fluids in the transcritical and supercritical region. The two real-fluid equations of state and dense-fluid correction schemes for mixtures are used to construct thermodynamic data library based on the conserved scalar. In this study, calculations are made on two cryogenic nitrogen jets under different chamber pressures. Sensitivity analysis for two different real-fluid equations of sate is particularly emphasized. Based on numerical results, precise structures of cryogenic nitrogen jets are discussed in detail. Numerical results show that the current real-fluid model can predict the essential features of the cryogenic liquid nitrogen jets.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.290-293
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• 2007

The land surface temperature (LST) derived from the meteorological satellite can be used to investigate the urban heat island (UHI) and its temporal variations. In this study, we developed LST retrieval algorithm from MTSAT-1R by means of a statistical regression analysis from radiative transfer simulations using MODTRAN 4 for a wide range of atmospheric, satellite viewing angle (SVA) and lapse rate conditions. 535 sets of thermodynamic initial guess retrieval (TIGR) were used for the radiative transfer simulations. Sensitivity and intercomparison results showed that the algorithm, developed in this study, estimated the LST with a similar bias and root mean square errors to that of other algorithms. The magnitude, spatial extent, and seasonal and diurnal variations of the UBI of Korean peninsula were well demonstrated by the LST derived from MTSAT-1R data. In general, the temporal variations of UHI clearly depend on the weather conditions and geographic environment of urban.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.887-894
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• 1995

Toward the development of universal, sensitive, and convenient method of DNA (or RNA) detection, two kinds of electrochemically active DNA ligands. acridine - viologen and oligonucleotide - ferrocene conjugate, were prepared. Thermodynamic and electrochemical study revealed that these probes bound strongly to DNA, and showed a typical cyclic voltammograms, indicating a potential for use as a reversible electrochemical labelling agent for DNA. Especially, using the electrochemically active oligonucleotide, we have been able to demonstrate the detection of DNA at femtomole levels by HPLC equipped with ordinary electrochemical detector (ECD). These results lead to the conclusion that the redox-active probes are very useful for the microanalysis of nucleic acid due to the stabilily of the complexes, high detection sensitivity, and wide applicability to the target structures (single- and double strands) and sequences.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제28회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.309-312
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• 2007

액체 로켓의 추진제로 이용되는 극저온 유체는 발사체의 경량화를 위한 터보 펌프의 고속화로 인해 공동현상이 발생하게 된다. 그러나 극저온 유체는 등온 유체인 물과는 달리 낮은 액상/증기 밀도 비율을 가지며 온도에 민감한 잠열변화율을 갖게 된다. 이에 따라 극저온 유체에서 공동 현상이 발생하게 되면, 증발 냉각 현상이 발생하게 되어 공동 내부와 주 유체 사이의 온도 차이가 발생하게 된다. 따라서 이러한 극저온 유체의 특징을 반영해 주기 위해 기존의 경험적 공동 현상 모델을 수정하여 새로운 모델을 적용하였다. 또한 온도 변화에 따른 효과를 반영해 주기 에너지 방정식을 첨가 하였다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2004

The microstructure and mechanical property of hot-pressed $Al_2O_3/Cu$ composites with a different temperature for atmosphere changing from H$_{2}$ to Ar have been studied. When atmosphere-changed from H$_{2}$ to Ar gas at 145$0^{\circ}C$, the hot-pressed composite was characterized by inhomogeneous microstructure and low fracture strength. On the contrary, when atmosphere-changed at low temperature of 110$0^{\circ}C$ the composite showed more homogeneous microstructure, higher fracture strength and smaller deviation in strength. Based on the thermodynamic consideration and microstructural analysis, it was interpreted that the Cu wetting behavior relating to the formation of CuAlO$_{2}$ is probably responsible for strong dependence of microstructure on atmosphere changing temperature. The reason for a strong sensitivity of fracture strength and especially of its deviation to atmosphere changing temperature was explained by the microstructural inhomogeneity and by the role of CuAlO$_{2}$ phase on the interfacial bonding strength.