• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.3236-3246
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• 2021

Lessons learned from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident directed that multiple failures should be considered more seriously rather than single failure in the licensing bases and safety cases because attempts to take accident management measures could be unsuccessful under the high radiation environment aggravated by multiple failures, such as complete loss of electric power, uncontrollable loss of coolant inventory, failure of essential safety function recovery. In the case of the complete loss of electric power called station blackout (SBO), if there is no mitigation action for recovering safety functions, the reactor core would be overheated, and severe fuel damage could be anticipated due to the failure of the active heat sink. In such a transient condition at CANDU-6 plants, the seal failure of the primary heat transport (PHT) pumps can facilitate a consequent increase in the fuel sheath temperature and eventually lead to degradation of the fuel integrity. Therefore, it is necessary to specify the regulatory guidelines for multiple failures on a licensing basis so that licensees should prepare the accident management measures to prevent or mitigate accident conditions. In order to explore the efficiency of implementing accident management strategies for CANDU-6 plants, this study proposed a realistic accident analysis approach on the SBO transient with multiple-failure sequences such as seal failure of PHT pumps without operator's recovery actions. In this regard, a comparative study for two PHT pump seal failure modes with and without coolant seal leakage was conducted using a best-estimate code to precisely investigate the behaviors of thermal-hydraulic parameters during transient conditions. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis for different PHT pump seal leakage rates was also carried out to examine the effect of leakage rate on the system responses. This study is expected to provide the technical bases to the accident management strategy for unmitigated transient conditions with multiple failures.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.73-83
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• 1987

This study was conducted to evaluted the industry foodservice management practices, and to suggest guidelines for the effective foodservice management. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: 1) Feeding numbers among the types of industry were varied widely, and foodservice personnels were insufficient when comparing with the feeding numbers. 2) Effective recording as well as management system were not fully established in menu planning, food production, assembly and service. Thermal retention equipments were not provided to control food quality. 3) Convenience food items such as frozen beef cutlet, hambergar patty, retail cuts of meat, and canned fish were seldom used. 4) Sanitary conditions of kitchen and dining areas were evaluated as unsatisfactory comdition. 5) Equiped rate of facilities in surveyed foodservice operations were 52.7 percentage of the required standards.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 1994

본 시험은 하절기 경제성을 고려한 효율적인 온도하강방법을 구명하고자 차광재료, fog system, 송풍등 복합적 온도하강처리에 따른 비닐하우스의 기상환경변화를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 중형하우스에서 온도하강방법에 따른 환경특성은 처리에 따라 하우스의 고온화를 상당히 효율적으로 억제하였다. 7월31일 하우스냉방처리에 따른 기온의 일중변화를 경시적으로 보면 수분의 증발잠력능력을 이용한 fog system과 은색차광 및 송풍을 혼합하여 처리할 경우 기온과 지온은 외기온에 비하여 최고 각각 1$0^{\circ}C$, 4$^{\circ}C$정도 온도하강효과가 있었으며 그 다음은 은색차광＋fog system, 은색차광＋송풍, 흑색차광＋송풍구 순이였다. 2. 하절기 가장 온도가 높은 시기인 7월20일부터 8월21일까지 하우스냉방처리에 따른 온도하강 효과를 보면 최고기온은 시험처리에 따라 온도차가 인정되며 은색차광＋fog system＋송풍구의 지상, 지표면기온은 외기온에 비하여 각각 약 8$^{\circ}C$, 7$^{\circ}C$정도 온도하강 효과가 있었다. 3. 은색차광＋송풍구와 흑색차광＋송풍구의 일사량은 청명한날 외기일사량에 비하여 각각 약 29.3%, 32.5%이였으며 흐린 날은 각각 약 27.4%, 31.8%이였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4995-5014
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• 2018

As the area covered by the CPS grows wider, agencies such as public institutions and critical infrastructure are collectively measuring and evaluating information security capabilities. Currently, these methods of measuring information security are a concrete method of recommendation in related standards. However, the security controls used in these methods are lacking in connectivity, causing silo effect. In order to solve this problem, there has been an attempt to study the information security management system in terms of maturity. However, to the best of our knowledge, no research has considered the specific definitions of each level that measures organizational security maturity or specific methods and criteria for constructing such levels. This study developed an information security maturity model that can measure and manage the information security capability of critical infrastructure based on information provided by an expert critical infrastructure information protection group. The proposed model is simulated using the thermal power sector in critical infrastructure of the Republic of Korea to confirm the possibility of its application to the field and derive core security processes and goals that constitute infrastructure security maturity. The findings will be useful for future research or practical application of infrastructure ISMSs.

• 시스템엔지니어링워크숍
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• 통권4호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2004

This paper deals with the feasibility analysis and alternatives for infrared detector development. The purpose of this paper analyze development requirement and feasibility study in both technology and cost. We get raw input data for system engineering process from development and technical expert, and then analyze cost and technology for development feasibility, and alternative study. Infrared Detector is core component of Thermal Imaging System and developed by ADD from 2006 to 2008 year. Technical level is analyzed by TRL(Technical Readiness Level) and AOA(Analysis of Alternative) is done by development and production cost estimate. We use SEER-H tool for cost estimate, that is parametric cost estimate tool based on Knowledge Base. Also this paper presents risk analysis for project management because it is necessary to risk driver management during the infrared detector development. The result of IR Detector feasibility and alternative study will be used in technical and cost analysis. This study can help those who are related to the cost analysis and development feasibility of other weapons

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2001년도 학술대회지
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• pp.208-213
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• 2001

The current progress in computer and electrical engineering has enabled the construction industry to implement innovative technologies in design and engineering. However, the construction segment is still largely based on experience, and this makes it difficult to meet the recent rigorous specifications, especially in the highway construction. This paper describes the current progress and the findings in the development of the computer integrated asphalt paving system, which is expected to assist the equipment operators to construct the quality pavement. The technologies to collect the required information, preferably in real-time, were reviewed comprehensively, and the selected technologies are proposed for the future development. Positional and thermal data were collected at the sample project in real-time to verify the capability of the available technologies. The collected data was analyzed using multiple regression method to confirm the significant factors for the compaction of the sample project, and to develop the empirical model, which can be adopted in the future system.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2016

This research presents the development of a self-governing mobile robot navigation system for indoor construction applications. This self-governing robot navigation system integrated robot control units, various positioning techniques including a dead-reckoning system, a UWB platform and motion sensors, with a BIM path planner solution. Various algorithms and error correction methods have been tested for all the employed sensors and other components to improve the positioning and navigation capability of the system. The research demonstrated that the path planner utilizing a BIM model as a navigation site map could effectively extract an efficient path for the robot, and could be executed in a real-time application for construction environments. Several navigation strategies with a mobile robot were tested with various combinations of localization sensors including wheel encoders, sonar/infrared/thermal proximity sensors, motion sensors, a digital compass, and UWB. The system successfully demonstrated the ability to plan an efficient path for robot's movement and properly navigate through the planned path to reach the specified destination in a complex indoor construction site. The findings can be adopted to several potential construction or manufacturing applications such as robotic material delivery, inspection, and onsite security.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2017

Tilting pad journal bearings(TPJBs) are widely used for high speed rotating machinery owing to their rotordynamic stability and thermal management feature. With increase in the rotating speed of such machinery, an increasingly important aspect of TPJB design is the prediction of their thermal behaviors. Researchers have conducted detailed investigations in the last two decades, which provided design tools for the TPJBs. Based on these previous studies, this paper presents a thermohydrodynamic(THD) analysis model for TPJBs. To calculate pressure distribution, we solve the generalized Reynolds equation and to predict the lubricant temperature, we solve the 3D energy equation. We employ the oil mixing theory to calculate pad inlet temperature; further, to consider heat conduction via the pad, we solve the heat conduction equation for the pads. We assume the shaft temperature as the averaged oil film temperature and apply natural convection boundary conditions to the pad side and back surfaces. To validate the analysis model, we compare the predicted pad temperatures with those from previous research. The results show good agreement with previous research. In addition, we conduct parametric studies on a TPJB which was used in a gas turbine simulator system. The predicted results show that film temperature largely depends on the rotating speed and oil supply condition.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2007

As DDI or GDI engine discharges very low heat due to its high thermal efficiency, the heat source is not enough for heating the passenger compartment in cold climate condition. To remedy the heating problem, the conventional HFC-134a automotive air-conditioning system has been attempted to run as a heat pump mode. Futhermore, an auxiliary electric heater of new type was equipped to the heat pump air-conditioning loop as a new approach. Hence, a proto-type heat pump air conditioner has been made and tested to investigate the feasibility of the HFC-134a automobile air-conditioning system that could be worked as a heat pump. The experiment results showed that the sufficient heating capacity could be obtained by adding a heat pump with an new electric type auxiliary heater into the conventional heat core in low temperature condition.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 사용후핵연료 회수성과 처분밀도를 향상시킨 새로운 CANDU 사용후핵 연료처분시스템의 열해석을 수행하였다. 제안된 CANDU 사용후핵연료 처분방식 에서는 사용후핵연료의 회수성을 향상시키기 위해 일정 기간 동안 터널에 자연대류를 이용하여 저장하며, 처분밀도 향상을 위해 개선된 CAHDU 사용후핵연료 처분용기를 이용하고 있다. 제안된 CANDU 사용후핵연료 처분방식의 열적 안전성을 검토하고자 ANSYS 10.0 CFX 코드를 사용하여 시스템 전체의 정상상태 열 해석을 2단계로 나누어 수행하였다. 1단계에서는 터널간격이 처분터널 내부 온도에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 터널 간격에 따른 처분터널 내벽온도 변화를 계산하였다. 계산 결과 99%의 붕괴열이 대류에 의해 냉각되는 것을 확인하였고, 이로 인해 터널 간격은 처분터널 내부 온도에 거의 영향을 주지 않았다. 2단계 계산에서는 터널간격 60 m에서 환기 설비를 고려한 처분터널의 내벽온도를 계산하였고, 이 결과는 처분터널 내부 처분용기의 표면온도를 구하기 위해 사용되었다. 계산결과, 처분용기의 표면온도는 최대 $119^{\circ}C$, 평균 $79.9^{\circ}C$로 계산되었다. 처분용기 최대온도에 따른 처분용기 내부 바스켓 피복재 최대온도는 $140.9^{\circ}C$로 계산하였으며, 이는 피복재 열적 특성을 고려하였을 때 충분한 열적 안전성을 가지고 있다고 판단되었다.