• BMB Reports
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2024

Lung cancer carries one of the highest mortality rates among all cancers. It is often diagnosed at more advanced stages with limited treatment options compared to other malignancies. This study focuses on calnexin as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. Calnexin, a molecular chaperone integral to N-linked glycoprotein synthesis, has shown some associations with cancer. However, targeted therapeutic or diagnostic methods using calnexin have been proposed. Through 1D-LCMSMS, we identified calnexin as a biomarker for lung cancer and substantiated its expression in human lung cancer cell membranes using Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry. Anti-calnexin antibodies exhibited complement-dependent cytotoxicity to lung cancer cell lines, resulting in a notable reduction in tumor growth in a subcutaneous xenograft model. Additionally, we verified the feasibility of labeling tumors through in vivo imaging using antibodies against calnexin. Furthermore, exosomal detection of calnexin suggested the potential utility of liquid biopsy for diagnostic purposes. In conclusion, this study establishes calnexin as a promising target for antibody-based lung cancer diagnosis and therapy, unlocking novel avenues for early detection and treatment.

• Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.202-211
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: This study aims to investigate normal changes throughout aging of the heart in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in healthy volunteers. While type 2 diabetes mellitus is a frequent finding in the elderly population, also the influence of this circumstance in otherwise healthy persons is part of our study. METHODS: In this prospective single-center trial, 75 healthy subjects in distinct age groups and 10 otherwise healthy diabetics were enrolled. All subjects underwent functional, flow sensitive, native T2- and T1-mapping in a 1.5T CMR scanner. RESULTS: No differences in right and left ventricular ejection fractions were observed between aging healthy groups. Bi-ventricular volumes lowered significantly (p<0.001) between the age groups. There was also a significant decrease in myocardial T1 values, aortic distensibility, and left ventricular peak diastolic strain rates. There were no differences in T2 mapping and the other deformation parameters. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had lower end-diastolic volume indexes; all the other measurements were comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Aging processes in the healthy heart involve a decrease in ventricular volumes, with ejection fractions remaining normal. Stiffening of the myocardium and aorta and a decrease in T1 values are potential indications of age-related remodeling. Type 2 diabetes mellitus seems to have no major influence on aging processes of the heart.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.393-397
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECFTIVES: Artemisinin, a natural product isolated from Gaeddongssuk (artemisia annua L.) and its main active derivative, dihydroartemisinin (DHA), have long been used as antimalarial drugs. Recent studies reported that artemisinin is efficacious for curing diseases, including cancers, and for improving the immune system. Many researchers have shown the therapeutic effects of artemisinin on tumors such as breast cancer, liver cancer and kidney cancer, but there is still insufficient data regarding glioblastoma (GBM). Glioblastoma accounts for 12-15% of brain cancer, and the median survival is less than a year, despite medical treatments such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of DHA and transferrin against glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM). MATERIALS/METHODS: This study was performed through in vitro experiments using C6 cells. The toxicity dependence of DHA and transferrin (TF) on time and concentration was analyzed by MTT assay and cell cycle assay. Observations of cellular morphology were recorded with an optical microscope and color digital camera. The anti-cancer mechanism of DHA and TF against GBM were studied by flow cytometry with Annexin V and caspase 3/7. RESULTS: MTT assay revealed that TF enhanced the cytotoxicity of DHA against C6 cells. An Annexin V immune-precipitation assay showed that the percentages of apoptosis of cells treated with TF, DHA alone, DHA in combination with TF, and the control group were $7.15{\pm}4.15%$, $34.3{\pm}5.15%$, $66.42{\pm}5.98%$, and $1.2{\pm}0.15%$, respectively. The results of the Annexin V assay were consistent with those of the MTT assay. DHA induced apoptosis in C6 cells through DNA damage, and TF enhanced the effects of DHA. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated that DHA, the derivative of the active ingredient in Gaeddongssuk, is effective against GBM, apparently via inhibition of cancer cell proliferation by a pharmacological effect. The role of transferrin as an allosteric activator in the GBM therapeutic efficacy of DHA was also confirmed.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2016

Hair loss affects both men and women of all ages and often significantly affects social and psychologic health. Recent therapeutic approach for hair loss such as finasteride and minoxidil focused on regulation of hormonal system blood flow. However, long-term use of these drugs caused adverse effects. To develop herbal medicine for therapeutic effect on hair growth, here we screened the 10 medicinal herbs (Red ginseng, Licorice, Ulmus, Barberry root, Lycium root, Rehmanniae radix crudus, Sophora root, Sweet flag, Polygala root, Achyranthes) based on oriental medicine literature. We measured cytotoxicity, anti-oxidant activity, and $5-{\alpha}$ reductase inhibitory effect of the herbal medicine on human dermal papilla (DP) cells to investigate therapeutic effect of the herbal medicine. Treatment of the 1% herbal medicine did not show any cytotoxic effects, and cell growth was increased by treatment of the 0.1% herbal medicine. In addition, the herbal medicine showed stronger antioxidant activity than resveratrol and comparable inhibitory activity of $5-{\alpha}$ reductase with finasteride. Furthermore, when applied to in vivo mouse model, we also observed increases in the number and length of hair of the herbal medicine-treated group. These results suggest that the herbal medicine promotes hair growth by its antioxidant activity and inhibitory activity of $5-{\alpha}$ reductase and might therefore be a promising hair growth-promoting agent.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.5-12
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• 2013

본 연구는 조현병의 신경과학적 연구에 대한 흐름을 알아봄으로써 임상가들에게 조현병 환자 치료의 토대를 제공하고, 보다 효과적인 치료를 선정하는데 도움이 되고자 하였다. 현재까지 조현병 환자의 신경과학적 연구는 매우 활발히 이루어지고 있는데, 본 고찰에서는 조현병의 발생에 대한 연구와 조현병으로 인한 신경해부학적 기능 이상에 초점을 두고 살펴보았다. 조현병의 발생과 관련된 연구는 신경생화학적 이상, 신경발달적 모델, 뇌단백물질, 뇌유래신경영양인자에 대한 근거들을 다루었으며, 조현병의 신경해부학적 기능 이상에 대해서는 주로 신경영상학적 특징들에 근거하였다. 결론적으로, 조현병은 광범위한 기능적 손실을 가져오는 정신과적 질환으로 이제까지 원인과 치료에 대한 많은 연구들이 실행되고 있지만 아직 명백한 결과를 가져오지는 못하고 있다. 그러나 이제까지 밝혀진 많은 근거들은 임상가들이 조현병 환자를 치료하고 재활함에 있어서 충분한 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. 앞으로도 조현병의 원인 규명과 치료에 대한 다양한 신경과학적 연구가 진행될 것으로 보인다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.31.1-31.16
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• 2021

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death globally. The classification of advanced GC (AGC) according to molecular features has recently led to effective personalized cancer therapy for some patients. Specifically, AGC patients whose tumor cells express high levels of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) can now benefit from trastuzumab, a humanized monoclonal Ab that targets HER2. However, patients with HER2^negative AGC receive limited clinical benefit from this treatment. To identify potential immune therapeutic targets in HER2^negative AGC, we obtained 40 fresh AGC specimens immediately after surgical resections and subjected the CD45⁺ immune cells in the tumor microenvironment to multi-channel/multi-panel flow cytometry analysis. Here, we report that HER2 negativity associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and greater tumor infiltration with neutrophils and non-classical monocytes. The potential pro-tumoral activities of these cell types were confirmed by the fact that high expression of neutrophil or non-classical monocyte signature genes in the gastrointestinal tumors in The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression and Gene Expression Omnibus databases associated with worse OS on Kaplan-Meir plots relative to tumors with low expression of these signature genes. Moreover, advanced stage disease in the AGCs of our patients associated with greater tumor frequencies of neutrophils and non-classical monocytes than early stage disease. Thus, our study suggests that these 2 myeloid populations may serve as novel therapeutic targets for HER2^negative AGC.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.316-321
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• 2002

CheonghunHwadam-tang(CHT) have been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent of vertigo by wind, fire and phlegm. CheonghunHwadam-tangGamypang(CHTG) was CHT adding Aurantii Fructus(AF), Gastrodae Rhizoma(GR). The effects of CHT on the cerebral blood flow and cardiacvascular system is not known. The purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of CHT and CHTG on the regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), mean arterial blood pressure(BP), cardiac muscle contractile force(CMF), heart rate(HR). The changes of cerebral blood flow and movement of cardiacvascular system(BP, CMF, HR) was determinated by Laser-Doppler Rowmetry(LDF). The results were as follows; 1. CHT extract increased rCBF, but decreased BP, HR in a dose-dependent manner. 2. AF extract accelerated rCBF and movement of cardiacvascular system in a dose-dependent manner. 3. GR extract increased significantly rCBF(10.0mg/kg, p<0.05) as well as accelerated BP and rCBF in a dose-dependent manner. 4. CHTG extract increased significantly rCBF(10.0mg/kg, p<0.01) in a dose-dependent, but was not changed movement of cardiacvascular system. This results suggest that CHTG is significantly treated more than CHT in vertigo by wind, fire and phlegm.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2024

Objective: Flow diverting stents (FDS) are increasingly used for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. While FDS can provide flow diversion of parent vessels, their high metal surface coverage can cause thromboembolism. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) emboli monitoring can be used to identify subclinical embolic phenomena after neurovascular procedures. Limited data exists regarding the use of TCDs for emboli monitoring in the periprocedural period after FDS placement. We evaluated the rate of positive TCDs microembolic signals and stroke after FDS deployment at our institution. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 105 patients who underwent FDS treatment between 2012 and 2016 using the Pipeline stent (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Patients were pretreated with aspirin and clopidogrel. All patients were therapeutic on clopidogrel pre-operatively. TCD emboli monitoring was performed immediately after the procedure. Microembolic signals (mES) were classified as "positive" (<15 mES/hour) and "strongly positive" (>15 mES/hour). Clinical stroke rates were determined at 2-week and 6-month post-operatively. Results: A total of 132 intracranial aneurysms were treated in 105 patients. TCD emboli monitoring was "positive" in 11.4% (n=12) post-operatively and "strongly positive" in 4.8% (n=5). These positive cases were treated with heparin drips or modification of the antiplatelet regimen, and TCDs were repeated. Following medical management modifications, normalization of mES was achieved in 92% of cases. The overall stroke rates at 2-week and 6-months were 3.8% and 4.8%, respectively. Conclusions: TCD emboli monitoring may help early in the identification of thromboembolic events after flow diversion stenting. This allows for modification of medical therapy and, potentially, preventionf of escalation into post-operative strokes.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.851-857
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• 2000

SosokMyeongTang(SMT) have been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent for cerebral disease. The effects of SMT on the vascular system is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of SMT on the changes in blood pressure(BP) and regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) of rats. SMT consists of the following components : Radix Ledebouriellae(防風), Radix Cocculi or Stephaniae(防己), Semen Armeniacae(杏仁), Cortex Cinnamomi(肉桂), Radix Scutellariae(黃芩), Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae(白芍藥), Radix Ginseng(人蔘), Rhizoma Cnidll(川芎), Herba Ephedrae(麻黃), Radix Glycyrrhizae(甘草), Radix Aconiti(附子?), Fructus Zizyphi Jujubae(大棗), Rhizoma Zingiberis(生薑) and the changes of BP and rCBF were tested Leser-Doppler Flowmetry(LDF) The experimental results were as follows ; BP was not affected by SMT in rats, but rCBF was increased significantly by SMT in a dose dependent manner. SMT increased previous decreasd rCBF due to pretreatment methylene blue, but did not increased previous decreasd rCBF due to pretreatment L-NNA, indomethacin. Pretreatment with indomethacin decreased BP compaired with control group. These results suggest that SMT causes a diverse response of blood pressure and regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF). The increased rCBF is mediated by nitric oxide synthease.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.701-706
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• 2002

CheonghunHwadam-tang(CHT) have been used in oriental medicine for many centuries as a therapeutic agent of vertigo by wind, fire and phlegm. CHTS was CHT adding Schizonepetae Herba. The effects of CHTS on the cerebral blood flow and blood pressure is not known. The purpose of this Study was to investigate effects of CHTS on the regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF) and mean arterial blood pressure(BP), action-mechanism of CHTS-induced changed-rCBF and BP. The changes of rCBF and BP was determinated by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry(LDF). The results were as follows ; CHTS extract was increased significantly rCBF in a dose-dependent, but was not changed BP compared with CHTS non-treated group. Pretreatment with propranolol, indomethacin and methylene blue were inhibited CHTS induced increase of rCBF, propranolol(all CHTS-treated group) and indomethacin(CHTS 0.01 mg/kg) of them were significantly decreased. Pretreatment with propranonol and indomethacin were inhibited CHTS induced increase of BP, but pretreated with methylene blue was significantly accelerated BP in high dosage. This results suggest that CHTS increased rCBF by dilating pial arterial diameter and the action of CHTS is also mediated by adrenergic β -receptor and cyclooxygenase.