• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.517-525
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• 2010

Horticultural therapy is a complementary therapy by trained professionals utilizing plant and horticultural activities as media to pursue the positive change of clients, which resulting from stimuli of plant nature, activities, and interaction with other people. Outdoor horticultural activities provide clients with the opportunities of the contact to nature such as fresh air and sunlight as well as plants. But the importance of plant nature to client's health has not been fully acknowledged compared to that of therapist's role and activities in horticultural therapy in Korea. In horticultural therapy it is possible for client to participate on the various levels from passive viewing to active gardening according to the client's ability. Therefore it is necessary for horticultural therapists to consider the therapeutic factors of plant nature to maximize the therapeutic effect of horticultural therapy. The purpose of the research is to clarify the therapeutic factors in the contact of client with plant nature and to emphasize those importance in horticultural therapy. From the review of the experimental researches five therapeutic factors were revealed: Natural light, plant natural view, natural sound, aroma(volatile oils of plants), and plant itself. This paper raises the importance of outdoor activities in horticultural therapy and the necessity for severely handicapped clients to the contact with plant nature, though passively.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.05b
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• pp.784-787
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• 2010

상담심리학적으로 미디어 치료에는 매체를 보고 듣고 느끼며 자아를 성장시켜 가는 감상주의적 치료와 매체를 직접 만들어가면서 자신의 감정과 생각을 매체에 투사하는 표현주의적 치료가 있다. 감상주의적 치료 예로는 사진보기, 영화, 미술관람, 책읽기 등이 있는데 내담자 스스로의 해석력이나 해석방법에 따라 심리학적 영향력의 유무가 결정되어서 이해력과 집중력이 부족한 내담자에게는 상담결과의 정확성이라는 한계가 있다. 표현주의적 치료 예로는 춤, 노래, 미술창작활동, 모래놀이, 연기활동, 영상제작 등이 있으며 이는 무의식의 발산을 가능케 하고 적극적 자기의사 표현하는 등의 장점이 있지만 창작활동의 특성상 개별 작업의 형태가 많고 제작기반 획득 등의 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이 두 한계를 극복하기 위하여 표현주의적인 치료와 감상주의적 치료가 동시에 가능한 게임 미디어를 이용한 치료 가능성을 제안한다. 이를 위하여 이 치료에 적합한 게임의 구성요소와 게임의 시각 요소를 기술한다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.687-690
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• 1984

Aortic dissection, a condition characterized by hemorrhage into the media and variable extension along the length of the aorta, has long been recognized as a catastrophic Cardiovascular event. Recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic skills have improved the prognosis considerably, but there is still controversy as to how cases should be managed. We experienced a case of dissecting aortic aneurysm [DeBakey Type III ], which were managed using intensive medical treatment. The period of follow up was about 11 years. At last, patient was died by progression of dissection into proximal aorta and resulted in aortic insufficiency and congestive heart failure.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.178-180
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• 2014

Despite significant advances in the treatment of all forms of chronic otitis media (COM), complications still can and do occur, with intracranial complications representing the most life-threatening cases, often requiring immediate therapeutic intervention. Herein, we present a rare case of rapidly progressing facial paralysis with concomitant severe headache and ipsilateral hearing loss secondary to an otogenic brain abscess, treated with the transmastoid approach, drainage, and facial nerve decompression.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2009

Hemorheological properties are easily modified by glucose-induced oxidation and glycation. Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide ($\beta$-alanyl-LFull-size image-histidine), has been recently proposed to act as an antioxidant as well as a free-radical scavenger. In the present study, we investigate its protective and rejuvenating effects in erythrocytes that are exposed to glucose-rich plasma. Erythrocytes that were incubated in glucose solutions were treated with different concentrations of carnosine and for different incubation times. Their hemorheological alterations were examined. The results reveal that the presence of carnosine effectively prevented these rheological alterations in a concentration-dependent manner in glucose-rich media. It is proposed that moderate concentrations of carnosine might be further explored as potential therapeutic agents for pathologies that involve hemorheological modification.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.235-241
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• 2006

Streptococus pneumoniae is an important cause of invasive infections as well as non-invasive infections such as acute otitis media and sinusitis both in children and adults. Resistance of S. pneumoniae to multiple antimicrobials is increasing and poses therapeutic challenges, and prevention became more important. 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine has been used for the last several decades, but is not effective in children <2 years of age, the highest risk group of invasive diseases. Recently, a 7-valent pneumococcal protein conjugate vaccine(PCV) which is effective in infants and young children has been developed. The efficacy of PCVs against invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia is well established and is documented in several well-conducted studies. However, the effect of PCVs on otitis media is less obvious and more complex. PCVs clearly reduce diseases caused by vaccine-type(VT) pneumococci, but replacement of VT serotypes by non-VT serotypes in nasopharyngeal carriage of S. pneumoniae is responsible for the increase in acute otitis media caused by non-VT serotypes. Three years after introduction of PCV in the US, some increase of invasive infections with serotype 19A possibly due to serotype switching within certain vaccine type strains has been noted. Since most antibiotic-resistance in S. pneumoniae is confined to VT serotypes, vaccine use also reduces antibiotic resistance. With development of PCV, there was a great advance in the prevention of pneumococcal diseases, but replacement with potential virulent organisms and development of antibiotic resistance in non-VT pneumococci is a possibility that needs careful monitoring.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1176-1184
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• 2013

Anti-hepatocyte growth factor (anti-HGF) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are potential therapeutics against various cancers. Screening for high-producer clones is a time-consuming and complex process and is a major hurdle in the development of therapeutic mAbs. Here, we describe an efficient approach that allows the selection of high-producer Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines producing the novel anti-HGF mAb SFN68, which was generated previously by immunizing HGF bound to its receptor c-Met. We selected an SFN68-producing parental cell line via transfection of the dihydrofolate reductase-deficient CHO cell line DG44, which was preadapted to serum-free suspension culture, with an SFN68-expression vector. Subsequent gene amplification via multiple passages of the parental cell line in a methotrexate-containing medium over 4 weeks, followed by clonal isolation, enabled us to isolate two cell lines, 2F7 and 2H4, with 3-fold higher specific productivity. We also screened 72 different media formulated with diverse feed and basal media to develop a suboptimized medium. In the established suboptimized medium, the highest anti-HGF mAb yields of the 2F7 and 2H4 clones were 842 and 861 mg/l, respectively, which were about 10.5-fold higher than that of the parental cell line in a non-optimized basal medium. The selected CHO cell lines secreting high titers of SFN68 would be useful for the production of sufficient amounts of antibodies for efficacy evaluation in preclinical and early clinical studies.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-100
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• 2001

Otitis media with effusion(OME) is the second most common disease in childhood after upper respiratory tract infection. Antibiotic treatment and ventilation tube insertion are the common treatment. The emergence of drug-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP) has implications for the primary care provider who treats acute otitis media(AOM) in children. OME need not be treated with antibiotics unless the effusion has been present for 3 to 4 months. Tympanostomy tubes are an effective treatment for both chronic OME and recurrent AOM. But the complications of tympanostomy tubes are serious Kamihyunggyeyungyotang is known to have antiinflmmatory and antiallergic effect. In this study, we investigated the clinical efficacy of the Kamihyunggyeyungyotang on recurrent otitis media with effusion prospectively by using pneumatoscopy, tympanogram, pure tone audiometry, and radiologic study. The patients who had treated by antibiotics was used as control. The statistical analysis was done by Mann-Whitney test and the significance was considered when the p value was less than 0.05. The general outcome was significantly higher in Kamihyunggyeyungyotang group than in antibiotic group. The recovery rate from grade 3 to 0 in pneumatoscopy was 42.5% but the control was 6%. Hearing gain was improved 71% and pnuematization was returned 70%.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 2004

A synthetic defined medium, fortified with amino acids, was developed for the stable production of the kringle fragments of human apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)), rhLK68. Using a complex rich medium containing yeast extract and a high-cell-density fed-batch culture, the expression level of rhLK68 reached 17% of the total cellular protein, which corresponded to $5\;g\;l^{-1}$ of the culture. To replace the complex media with chemically defined media, several amino acids that positively affect cell growth and gene expression were chosen by a statistical method. The various combinations of the selected amino acids were tested for its fortifying effect on a minimal defined medium. When glutamine only was added, the overall expression level of rhLK68 reached 93% of the complex rich medium increasing the specific expression level by 22.4% and decreasing the cell growth by 24%. Moreover, the addition of glutamine resulted in a 2-fold increase in the concentration of rhLK68 in the culture broth, compared with the minimal defined medium. The synthetic defined media developed in this study could be generally applied to high-cell-density cultures of the recombinant Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), especially for the production of therapeutic proteins that require a strict quality control of the culture media and fermentation processes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.284-284
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• 1996

Titrated Extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) is a poorly water-soluble extract from the Centella asiatica. Despite excellent wound preparation causes pain due to a low aqueous solubility and high hypertonicity and therefore, the patient's compliance of this drug is low. The objective of this study is to design a formulation of TECA with an improved therapeutic applicability via an adequate solubilization. A mixture of propylene glycol and ethoxylated hydrogenated caster oil achieved an acceptable solubilization of TECA (i.e. 10%) via a formulation of micelle. A preparation of extemporaneous TECA micelle was achieved by a dilution of the original micellar formulation with either water or saline. An estimated distribution of particle size was between 15.9 and 32.6 ㎜. The osmotic pressure of the formulation was found to be much lower than that found In a commercially available injectable (i.e. Madecassole). The erthrocytic hemolysis of micellar solution was lower than that with the conventional dosage form, consistent with the osmotic pressure data. Pain score after an injection of the micellar solution was assessed by the hind-paw writhing test using ICR mice and compared with that found with the conventional injectable. The data indicated that the injection of the micellar solution was a significantly less painful. These results indicated that a micellar solubilization, followed by an extemporaneous dilution, is a novel formulation of TECA with an improved therapeutic applicability.