• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.479-486
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• 2023

This study is a descriptive research study to determine differences in conflict management types according to MBTI preference indicators among nursing students. Data collection was from August 30 to September 30, 2023. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffe's. As a result of the study, among the MBTI indicators showing significant differences in conflict management types, 'i' had higher avoidance than 'E' in the energy direction (t=-3.776, <0.01). In the case of decision-making function, F had higher concession (t=-3.478, <0.01) and avoidance (t=-3.389, <0.01) than T, and T had higher dominance than F (t=2.070, <0.5). In terms of external life coping style, J had higher cooperation (t=2.756, <0.01) and compromise (t=2.044, <0.5) than P. In MBTI's psychological function types, the NF type had higher concessions than the ST type (F=4.174, <0.05), and the SF type had higher avoidance than the ST type (F=4.202, <0.05). The results of analyzing the differences in conflict management types by combining the MBTI decision-making function type and external life coping style showed that the FJ type was more cooperative than the FP type (F=2.907, <0.05), and the FJ type was more cooperative than the TP type (F =4.662, <0.01), and the FJ type had higher avoidance than the TJ type (F=3.327, <0.05). MBTI's attitude index showed that the EJ type had higher cooperation than the EP type (F=2.817, <0.05), and the IP type had significantly higher avoidance than the EP type (F=4.551, <0.01). This study is significant in confirming differences in conflict management types by combining MBTI decision-making function types (F, T) and external life coping styles (J, P), which have not been studied in Korea to date. In the follow-up study, we propose research on conflict management types by MBTI personality type by reflecting the results of this study and expanding the number of subjects, development of conflict management programs by MBTI indicators and personality types, and analysis of program effectiveness.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1577-1580
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• 2005

With remarkable growth of using Internet, attempts to try intrusions on network are now increasing. Intrusion Detection System is a security system which detects and copes illegal intrusions. Especially with increasing dispersive attacks through network, concerns for this Distributed Intrusion Detection are also rising. The previous Intrusion Detection System has difficulty in coping cause it detects intrusions only on particular network and only same segment. About same attacks, system lacks capacity of combining information and related data. Also it lacks cooperations against intrusions. Systematic and general security controls can make it possible to detect intrusions and deal with intrusions and predict. This paper considers Distributed Intrusion Detection preventing attacks and suggests the way sending active packets between nodes safely and performing in corresponding active node certainly. This study suggested improved E-IDS system which prevents service attacks and also studied sending messages safely by encoding. Encoding decreases security attacks in active network. Also described effective ways of dealing intrusions when misuses happens thorough case study. Previous network nodes can't deal with hacking and misuses happened in the middle nodes at all, cause it just encodes ends. With above suggested ideas, problems caused by security services can be improved.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2015

In order to make digital processing of facial color, standardization methods of photographing and observational requirements and gloss-detecting are done through preceding papers and actual experiences. Examiner's observational informations should be contained with original and temporary color, normalcy and deviation range and gloss. And these are interrelated with time, interior and exterior temperature, emotional state, so should be recorded too. Picturing procedure should be controlled in simple and practical but objective way. Just water cleansing, 15 to 20 minute resting, prohibiton of moisturizing of examinee are common for examiner. Temperature and moisture, width, light source requirement, brightness, polarizing filter of parlor and camera-to-object distance, posture of examinee are should be recorded. In addition, pre and post-revision of color and manifestation of color space after taking images are needed coping with construction of diagnostic database.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.470-478
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• 2008

Statement of problem: Use of all-ceramic prostheses fabricated with CAD/CAM systems is increasing in the dentistry. Marginal fidelity in production of all-ceramic restoration has important clinical implications and is a key consideration issue in CAD/CAM production as well. Purpose: The objective of this study was to analyse marginal fidelities of $Procera^{(R)}$ Allceram Crown. Material and methods: On 56 patients treated with $Procera^{(R)}$ system Allceram Crown at Dankook Dental Hospital, marginal discrepancies of 101 abutments were measured by stereomicroscope at coping and final restoration stages. Paired t-test and one-way analysis of variance on marginal discrepancy data were conducted to determine the presence of significant differences between measurement and measuring point stages. Results: Marginal discrepancies of final restoration ($45.82{\pm}30.84\;{\mu}m$) were lower than alumina coping ($53.84{\pm}38.83\;{\mu}m$). Furthermore, the differences were found to be statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Anterior marginal discrepancies were lower than posterior marginal discrepancies, but they were not statistically significant. Lingual marginal discrepancies were higher than other measurement sites, and the differences were found to be statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Conclusion: Within the conditions of this study, marginal fidelities of $Procera^{(R)}$ Allceram Crown were acceptable, and after porcelain build-up, marginal fitness improved over alumina coping. More careful scanning is needed for better results.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.123-135
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structural pattern of nurses' pain management with patients who experience pain. As a research method, the Q methodology, which is useful for an objective view of a highly abstract concept, was applied. The data collecting activity of this study was from August, 21st, 2000 to November, 24th 2000. The Q-population, the previous thesis and a literature review were done. Questions about pain management by the nurse on the patients, caregivers, nursing students, doctors, nurses, and others were asked in documentary work and in-depth interviews. In all, 223 units of the Q-population were formed, and the last 35 units of the Q-population were extracted. The data on the P-sample was collected from 41 nurses who worked in the medical and surgical units of a hospital that belonges to C university in Seoul. The research results were constituted in 3 types. Type I was the 'pattern of judging by objectivity'. The statement on which most of the people highly agreed for those patterns was shown by 'If patients said that they are suffering from pain, we sufficiently performed an assessment about the etiology, location, duration and degree'. For type I, the same pain was found in different locations according to the patients, so the etiology of the pain should be identified first place. Since ways of coping are different according to pain etiology, it was thought that it is important to assess sufficiently the pain etiology, location, duration, and degree. Therefore, when patients complain of pain, the pain etiology should be identified and assessed; according to the result, pain management should be performed systematically. Type II was the 'pattern of accepting by subjectivity'. The statement on which most of the people highly agreed for those patterns was shown as 'If patients said that they are suffering from pain, the medical treatment should be performed rapidly and speedily.' For type II, when the patient complains of pain, treatment should be performed quickly in order to prevent the condition getting worse, and it is thought that activity is a reasonable duty. Further, by trying to show empathy after pain is admitted and by understanding and coping rapidly with the pain of patients, an attitude which matched the altruistic morals of nurses is being shown. Type III was the 'pattern of worrying about', and the statement on which most of the people highly agreed for those patterns was shown is 'When there is a pain, to help patients to tolerate the pain to the highest degree.' In type III, the pain is a subjective expression, so there is a difference according to every individual. Therefore, actually if there is no measurement of pain, it could be exaggerated so nurses should help patients to tolerate it to the utmost. Even if there is a way to remove pain without an analgesic drug, nurses were reluctant to perform pain management as they possibly could. Through these research results, pain management of nurses was classified in 3 types, and structural characteristics in each type were discovered. Based upon the characteristics according to the type, an individualized pain management intervention strategy should be established and the follow up work performed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.129-145
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• 2010

In this study, when buying fashion products through internet shopping malls, it is researched about the buying behavior, the awareness of customer review, the use and posting of customer review and the accompanying awareness. The difference of awareness on the customer review according to their involvement of clothes, are examined from high school students in Seoul. And it is examined if they experienced any dissatisfaction after their purchase and what their behavior were. The questionnaire survey was taken by 508 students from 6 high schools in Seoul. The average, the standard deviation, the frequency, the t-test, the One way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Test were conducted for data analysis using SPSS 17.0. In the fashion products purchase behavior of the students, The reasons of buying were mainly because of the diversity and the convenience. Some students don't shop online because screen product and actual product are not the same. The awareness of the customer review represented high in the reliability and usefulness. The awareness on the influence of the customer review represented high in the contents direction and the numbers of the customer reviews but represented low in the timeliness. As to the awareness of the customer review, the student using it represented higher in all elements such as the usefulness, the reliability, and the influence than students who not use customer review. The students posting customer review recognized higher on the usefulness and the reliability of the customer review than those who did not post it, and were highly influenced by the numbers of customer reviews. The awareness of the customer review according to the involvement of clothes was the difference only in the usefulness. As to coping actions of students experiencing dissatisfaction, the proportion of the students coping with the public action and those who do not perform any action represented high.

• 한국보건간호학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.224-227
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• 2002

Alcoholism affects not only the individuals who depend on it, but also their families. Children who have an alcohol dependent parent have various problems and need help, but little attention has been given to them. Many references report only negative characteristics of these children. In order to help the children of alcohol dependent parents, health professionals need more information. A wholistic understanding and analysis of these children is needed as a basis for the development of suitable programs of help them. A phenomenological methodology was used to identify the experience of children whose fathers were addicted to alcohol. The findings portray the essence of the lived experience of children of alcohol dependent fathers. Nine adolescents participated in in-depth inverviews and observation with the researcher, done between October and December 2001. The data were recorded on audio tape and transcribed. Sampling was continued until the data were theorectically saturated. The Colaizzi's method was used for data analysis. The results of this study are as follows. Three themes and twenty six meanings were identified. The first theme is Living Alone: living abusively as partner to an alcohol dependent father, living dangerously like an explosive fury, living as an object that ha no self, living with rejection of fatherly being, living with felt responsibility but having no power to help mother who suffers patiently with pain and abuse, living along with no shoulder to lean on, and living with the prejudice of sex discrimination. The second theme is Paradoxical Coping in Life. The meanings are obsessive behavior as a way to control father's behavior, always on the defensive due to anxiety and tension, being afraid of life alone due to paranoid thoughts, contradictory expectation about father's drinking behavior due to life with chronic tension, stress becoming familiar and life being boring and tendious without stimulation, life that is fake and filled with misinterpretations about reality, affection sought from others due to loneliness, compensatory life within peer group, negative expectation about the future due to negative experiences, controling others to protect ego, denial of real emotion to protect self from hurt, life of regretting self, and strong need for approval from others. The third theme is sustaining life. The meanings are ambivalence between revenge on father and pity, struggle for desirable self against fear of gather-like image, understanding father through self reflection, hope to find fatherly being through father's recovery, being able to stand through emotional control and cognitive restructuring, nurturing the seed of hope for the future while in a situation of desperation. The contribution of this study is to give a wholistic understanding of the empirical reality of children of alcohol dependent parents and to develop substantive theory in nursing knowledge. In nursing practice, the results of this study can provide a foundation for the development of programs for children of alcohol dependent parents.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.341-349
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• 2017

PURPOSE. This study evaluated the accuracies of different bite registration techniques for implant-fixed prostheses using three dimensional file analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Implant fixtures were placed on the mandibular right second premolar, and the first and second molar in a polyurethane model. Aluwax (A), Pattern Resin (P), and Blu-Mousse (B) were used as the bite registration materials on the healing abutments (H) or temporary abutments (T). The groups were classified into HA, HP, HB, TA, TP, and TB according to each combination. The group using the bite impression coping was the BC group; impression taking and bite registration were performed simultaneously. After impression and bite taking, the scan bodies were connected to the lab analogs of the casts. These casts were scanned using a model scanner. The distances between two reference points in three-dimensional files were measured in each group. One-way ANOVA and Duncan's test were used at the 5% significance level. RESULTS. The smallest distance discrepancy was observed in the TB group using the temporary abutments. The Blu-Mousse and HP groups showed the largest distance discrepancy. The TB and BC groups showed a lower distance discrepancy than the HP group (P=.001), and there was no significant difference between the groups using the temporary abutments and healing abutments (P>.05). CONCLUSION. Although this study has limitations as an in-vitro investigation, the groups using the temporary abutments to hold the Blu-Mousse record and bite impression coping showed greater accuracy than the group using the healing abutments to hold the pattern resin record.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.55
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• pp.91-128
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop an effective intervention strategy for marriage migrant woman in family therapy. For this purpose, we collected counseling cases of professional counselors who successfully completed counseling and attempted the qualitative analysis of treatment intervention strategies and effects. The results of the study were obtained by dividing the meaning units in the immigrant woman's statements made during the counseling process composed of a total of 6 sessions. The counselors were analyzed to have tried the following intervention strategies. They attempted the following six strategies: Helping emotional differentiation by searching for unresolved emotional problems, dealing with undifferentiation due to family projection process and love triangle, dealing with multi-generational transfer process of the original family relationship patterns and coping mechanism, shedding lihgt on ineffectiveness of inconsistent communication due to emotional oppression applying a communication model of MRI, switching client's awareness through reorganization, suggesting a way of communication that leads to real self. Such counselors' attempts resulted in positive changes and treatment effects were found to include first, cognitive insights and motivation for change, second, improved communication skills and third, anxiety reduction and self-differentiation. Due to their husbands' refusal to participate in counseling, marriage migrant women often get involved in counseling alone, so they tend to worry that the effectiveness of family therapy may be low but it was found that the proper intervention of the counselor could improve the ability of the wife to resolve conflicts, which would be a great help in solving problems such as family violence and this study is meaningful in that it provided the appropriate therapeutic intervention strategies needed.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.528-534
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• 2008

Purpose: Marginal fit is one of the important components for the successful prosthodontic restoration. Poor fitting margin of the restoration causes hypersensitivity, secondary caries, and plaque accumulation, which later result in prosthodontic failure. CAD/CAM zirconia all-ceramic restorations, such as $LAVA^{(R)}$ (3M ESPE, St.Paul, MN) and $EVEREST^{(R)}$ (KaVo Dental GmbH, Biberach, Germany) systems were recently introduced in Korea. It is clinically meaningful to evaluate the changes of the marginal fit of the CAD/CAM zirconia systems before and after build-up. The purposes of this study are to compare the marginal fit of the two CAD/CAM all-ceramic systems with that of the ceramometal restoration, before and after porcelain build-up Material and methods: A maxillary first premolar dentiform tooth was prepared with 2.0 mm occlusal reduction, 1.0 mm axial reduction, chamfer margin, and 6 degree taperness in the axial wall. The prepared dentiform die was duplicated into the metal abutment die. The metal die was placed in the dental study model, and the full arch impressions of the model were made. Twenty four copings of 3 groups which were $LAVA^{(R)}$, $EVEREST^{(R)}$, and ceramometal restorations were fabricated. Each coping was cemented on the metal die with color-mixed Fit-checker $II^{(R)}$ (GC Cor., Tokyo, Japan). The marginal opening of each coping was measured with $Microhiscope^{(R)}$ system (HIROX KH-1000 ING-Plus, Seoul, Korea. X300 magnification). After porcelain build-up, the marginal openings of $LAVA^{(R)}$, $EVEREST^{(R)}$,and ceramometal restorations were also evaluated in the same method. Statistical analysis was done with paired t-test and one-way ANOVA test. Results: In coping states, the mean marginal opening for $EVEREST^{(R)}$ restorations was $52.00{\pm}11.94\;{\mu}m$ for $LAVA^{(R)}$ restorations $56.97{\pm}10.00\;{\mu}m$, and for ceramometal restorations $97.38{\pm}18.54\;{\mu}m$. After porcelain build-up, the mean marginal opening for $EVEREST^{(R)}$ restorations was $61.69{\pm}19.33\;{\mu}m$, for $LAVA^{(R)}$ restorations $70.81{\pm}12.99\;{\mu}m$, and for ceramometal restorations $1115.25{\pm}23.86\;{\mu}m$. Conclusion: 1. $LAVA^{(R)}$ and $EVEREST^{(R)}$ restorations in comparison with ceramometal restorations showed better marginal fit, which had significant differences (P < 0.05) in coping state and also after porcelain build-up . 2. The mean marginal opening values between $LAVA^{(R)}$ and $EVEREST^{(R)}$ restorations did not showed significant differences after porcelain build-up as well as in coping state (P > .05). 3. $EVEREST^{(R)}$, $LAVA^{(R)}$ and ceramometal restorations showed a little increased marginal opening after porcelain build-up, but did not show any statistical significance (P > .05).