• 한국방재안전학회논문집
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.43-46
• /
• 2017

최근 도심지 포화로 전 세계적으로 지하공간개발이 활발히 진행되고 있으며 굴착공사는 지상 및 지하의 굴착 인접 구조물에 의한 다양한 굴착공법으로 시공이 주로 이루어지고 있다. 굴착공사 중 시공 부주의나 시공기술 미흡, 지하수 유출, 급격한 지층의 변화에 대응실패, 토류 시스템 구성품의 문제등으로 인해 각종 지반함몰 사고가 발생하고 있다. 지반함몰 방지를 위해 지반조사 분석을 통한 지반함몰 위험영향인자를 도출하고자 한다. 최근 75개소 지반조사값을 토대로 지반함몰 요인을 분석하고 조사항목으로는 지역별, 통일분류법(U.S.C.S), 공법, 굴착심도를 통해 분석을 하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2024

지반함몰은 인구 밀집도가 높은 도심지에서 주로 발생함으로, 발생 원인을 명확히 파악하여 사전에 대비할 필요가 있다. 지반함몰의 주요 발생원인은 지하매설관의 손상으로 인한 지반 내 공동 생성으로 보고되어 있으나, 지반함몰 발생을 예측하여 대비하기 위한 지하매설관의 속성정보 및 영향인자가 올바르게 구축되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지하매설물 속성정보 중 지반함몰 발생과 유의미한 상관성을 나타내는 인자를 선정하고, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 회귀식을 제안하였다. 이를 위해, 대상지역의 지하매설물 및 지반함몰 이력정보의 데이터를 수집하였고, 대상지역을 QGIS를 활용하여 100m×100m 크기의 Gird로 구분하였다. Gird 내부에 포함되어 있는 지하매설물 속성정보와 지반함몰 이력정보를 추출하여 전처리를 수행하고 데이터셋을 구축하여 상관분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 하수관과 통신관의 매설년도와 통신관, 열배관, 가스관의 평균심도를 제외한 인자가 지반함몰과 유의미한 상관성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 로지스틱 회귀분석을 통해 대상지역의 지반함몰 발생 여부 회귀식을 제안하였다.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.557-563
• /
• 2000

Subsidence hazard has never been considered seriously until recent yews in Korea, although its socioeconomic impact on Korea becomes more and more enormous. There have been a few studies for the application of GIS analysis technique to the prediction of subsidence hazard. For GIS analysis, several factors, which are represented by coverage, are considered and selected for building a GIS model. Numerical method was used to quantify the importance of each factor in GIS model and the result from numerical modeling using FLAC was compared with that from previous research based on empirical methods. Analysis in 3-D needs more computer resources (i.e. memory). Therefore that in 2.5-D was considered to overcome the problem. Not only maximum vertical subsidence but also maximum horizontal strain and maximum slope have been considered for the assessment of subsidence hazard. The model can be easily modified for the purpose of applications in any subsidence area, especially cavern or abandoned mines under thick soil layer.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.313-325
• /
• 2023

연구목적: 지반사고 발생통계에 따르면 최근 도심지를 중심으로 침하발생 및 지반함몰 빈도가 매년 증가하고 있어 사회적으로 문제로 대두되고 있다. 이 연구는 지반침하에 영향을 미치는 세부요인들의 위험도를 규명하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 연구를 위해 지하안전정보시스템의 2016년도부터 2022년 9월 6일까지의 사고사례 분석을 통해 나타난 자료와 선행연구, 연구보고서 그리고 굴착 전문가의 자문을 받아 28개의 지반침하 세부위험요인을 도출 주요하였고, 산·학·연 지반침하 전문가 12명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 Fuzzy-FMEA기법을 적용하여 위험도를 산정하였다. 연구결과:하수관로의 손상이 전체 위험도의 24.99%로 그 다음으로 굴착공사 17.34%, 상수관로 14.84%, 다짐(되메우기) 불량이 13.93% 순으로 나타났으며, 매설물 손상(상수관로, 하수관로, 기타매설물)위 위험도가 높게 나타났으며, 다음으로 공사부실(굴착공사, 상하수관 손상, 기타매설물공사), 그리고 다짐(되메우기)불량 순으로 위험도가 높게 나타났다. 결론:이는 전문가 입장에서 판단하는 지반침하 요인에 대한 위험도가 지하안전정보 시스템의 지반침하사례와 비슷한 결과를 확인하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.104-109
• /
• 2017

As the ground subsidence occurred at the center of Seoul area in 2014, the ground subsidence phenomenon was emerged as a social issue in Korea. Even so far, national and local governments and related experts have been making a lot of efforts to prevent ground subsidence phenomenon, but it is still happening all over the country. In this study, we chose 9 influence factors on which ground subsidence and derived weights using AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method for ground subsidence risk analysis. And we analyze the risk of subsidence in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$city using GIS(Geographic Information System) analysis method and evaluate the potential risk.

• International Journal of Contents
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2018

Based on the previous studies on sinkholes and ground subsidence conducted until date, the factors affecting the occurrence of sinkholes can be divided into natural environmental factors and human environmental factors in accordance with the purpose of the study. Furthermore, to be more specific, the human environment can be classified into the artificial type and the social type. In this study, the assessment indices for assessing risks of sinkholes and ground subsidence were developed by performing AHP analysis based on the results of the study by Lee et al. (2016), who selected the risk factors for the occurrence of sinkholes by performing Delphi analysis targeting relevant experts. Analysis showed that the artificial environmental factors were of significance in affecting the occurrence of sinkholes. Explicitly, the underground factors were found to be of importance in the natural environment, and among them, the level of underground water turned out to be an imperative influencing factor. In the artificial environment, the underground and subterranean structures exhibited similar importance, and in the underground structures, the excessive use of the underground space was found to be an important influencing factor. In the subterranean ones, the level of water leakage and the erosion of the water supply and sewage piping system were the influential factors, and in the surface, compaction failure was observed as an imperative factor. In the social environment, the regional development, and above all, the groundwater overuse were found to be important factors. In the managemental and institutional environment, the improper construction management proved to be the most important influencing factor.

• 자원환경지질
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.453-464
• /
• 2008

이 연구에서는 폐탄광 지역에서 발생하는 지반침하와 지하 채굴적 사이의 상관성을 지질, 지하구조, 탄층의 심도와 두께, 지하갱도의 분포 측면에서 분석하고자 하였다. 연구대상 지역은 강원도 삼척시 삼척탄전에 속하며, 채굴적 특성을 고려하지 않은 기존의 연구에서 수치지질도, 수치갱내도, 현장조사보고서 자료와 GIS의 공간분석기법을 적용하여 지반침하 취약성이 높게 분석된 지역에 해당된다. 연구지역에 대한 수치지질도 및 지반안정성 조사 보고서를 기반으로 연구지역내에서 지반침하가 관측된 지역의 분포, 지표 및 지하의 지질구조와 탄층의 분포현황을 분석하였고, 수치갱내도 자료를 이용하여 지하 갱도의 심도 및 중첩분포 현황을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 지표의 암석 강도 저하, 얕은 심도와 두꺼운 층후의 함탄층 존재가 지반침하 발생과 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 다수의 중첩된 갱도의 분포 및 얕은 심도의 지하 갱도 존재, 단층의 존재 역시 지반침하발생에 영향을 주는 주요인으로 확인되었다. 지반침하 위험지역을 정량적으로 예측함에 있어, 연구결과로 나타난 지반침하 관련 요인을 추가로 데이터베이스화하여 폐탄광 지역별로 적합한 지반침하예측 모델을 구축한다면 폐탄광 지역의 지반침하위험 예측 및 예방에 매우 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제59권5호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2017

Recently, ground subsidence frequently occurs in downtown area. The major causes of the subsidence on the subsurface were the damages of the water supply and sewer pipelines and excavation works in adjacent areas, etc. Because of these various factors, it is not easy to analyze the tendency of occurrence of ground subsidence. The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of ground subsidence by the change of the fine particle content and ground water level and to establish the ground subsidence mechanism. In this study, a model soil-box was manufactured to simulate the failure of the old sewer pipe which is one of the causes on ground subsidence. And a model test was conducted to investigate the effects of fine contents and ground water level on the cavity occurrence. From the test results, firstly the higher the ground water level, the faster the primary cavity is formed as the seepage stress increases. As a result, the secondary cavity and the ground subsidence rapidly progress due to the relaxation of the surrounding ground. The total amount of discharged soil was decreased as the fine content increased.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제60권5호
• /
• pp.567-576
• /
• 2017

Objective : Preoperative parameters including the T1 slope (T1S) and C2-C7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) have been recognized as predictors of kyphosis after laminoplasty, which is accompanied by posterior neck muscle damage. The importance of preoperative parameters has been under-estimated in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) because there is no posterior neck muscle damage. We aimed to determine whether postoperative subsidence and pseudarthrosis could be predicted according to specific parameters on preoperative plain radiographs. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 41 consecutive patients (male : female, 22 : 19; mean age, $51.15{\pm}9.25years$) who underwent ACDF with a stand-alone polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) cage (>1 year follow-up). Parameters including SVA, T1S, segmental angle and range of motion (ROM), C2-C7 cervical angle and ROM, and segmental inter-spinous distance were measured on preoperative plain radiographs. Risk factors of subsidence and pseudarthrosis were determined using multivariate logistic regression. Results : Fifty-five segments (27 single-segment and 14 two-segment fusions) were included. The subsidence and pseudarthrosis rates based on the number of segments were 36.4% and 29.1%, respectively. Demographic data and fusion level were unrelated to subsidence. A greater T1S was associated with a lower risk of subsidence (p=0.017, odds ratio=0.206). A cutoff value of T1S<$28^{\circ}$ significantly predicted subsidence (sensitivity : 70%, specificity : 68.6%). There were no preoperative predictors of pseudarthrosis except old age. Conclusion : A lower T1S (T1S<$28^{\circ}$) could be a risk factor of subsidence following ACDF. Surgeons need to be aware of this risk factor and should consider various supportive procedures to reduce the subsidence rates for such cases.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제62권4호
• /
• pp.450-457
• /
• 2019

Objective : Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is commonly used surgical procedure for cervical degenerative disease. Among the various intervertebral spacers, the use of allografts is increasing due to its advantages such as no harvest site complications and low rate of subsidence. Although subsidence is a rare complication, graft collapse is often observed in the follow-up period. Graft collapse is defined as a significant graft height loss without subsidence, which can lead to clinical deterioration due to foraminal re-stenosis or segmental kyphosis. However, studies about the collapse of allografts are very limited. In this study, we evaluated risk factors associated with graft collapse. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 33 patients who underwent two level ACDF with anterior plating using allogenous bone graft from January 2013 to June 2017. Various factors related to cervical sagittal alignment were measured preoperatively (PRE), postoperatively (POST), and last follow-up. The collapse was defined as the ratio of decrement from POST disc height to follow-up disc height. We also defined significant collapses as disc heights that were decreased by 30% or more after surgery. The intraoperative distraction was defined as the ratio of increment from PRE disc height to POST disc height. Results : The subsidence rate was 4.5% and graft collapse rate was 28.8%. The pseudarthrosis rate was 16.7% and there was no association between pseudarthrosis and graft collapse. Among the collapse-related risk factors, pre-operative segmental angle (p=0.047) and intra-operative distraction (p=0.003) were significantly related to allograft collapse. The cut-off value of intraoperative distraction ${\geq}37.3%$ was significantly associated with collapse (p=0.009; odds ratio, 4.622; 95% confidence interval, 1.470-14.531). The average time of events were as follows: collapse, $5.8{\pm}5.7months$; subsidence, $0.99{\pm}0.50months$; and instrument failure, $9.13{\pm}0.50months$. Conclusion : We experienced a higher frequency rate of collapse than subsidence in ACDF using an allograft. Of the various preoperative factors, intra-operative distraction was the most predictable factor of the allograft collapse. This was especially true when the intraoperative distraction was more than 37%, in which case the occurrence of graft collapse increased 4.6 times. We also found that instrument failure occurs only after the allograft collapse.