• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.434-450
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• 2001

This study is designed to understand the meaning and nature of raising children with cerebral palsy. It researches the experience of mothers of schoolchildren with cerebral palsy by the research method of hermeneutic phenomenology. The study was conducted from November 10, 1999 to December 20, 2000. When children with cerebral palsy usually show symptoms in the early stage of cerebral palsy, mothers do not take children to a doctor for diagnosis. And, most of mothers have a difficult time to accept the reality; they usually respond to the initial diagnosis with shock, reproach, and deny. When mothers start recognizing the reality, they consider that their children have cerebral palsy due to the their mismanagement during pregnancy, delivery, nursing, and initial treatment. They shelter their children from view and feel guilty that they cannot afford to try folk remedies for their children. As time passes, mothers face conflicts between families in diverse ways. Families put the blame on genetic effects. Mothers-in-law give their daughters-in-law a hard time, husbands shift the responsibility of raising children onto their wives, and trouble arises between families-in-law and mothers native families. When children grow up, it is physically difficult for mothers to take care their children. In addition, they suffer from all the troubles in family due to childrens handicap. Mothers try the diverse methods of bringing up children. However, they start getting tired of raising children as they experience failures and financial difficulties. Mothers feel collapsed recalling the ways of raising children. They feel anxiety, miserable, lonely, and worrying when they think how children would attend school, make friends, and live in the future. In this stage, mothers do their best to raise their children with hope. They tend to compare their children with others without handicap and spend money and time in attempting all the treatments. When mothers and children join the society at school, they find that the society does not understand disabled people, teachers show inconsiderate attitude, friends avoid them, and children hardly follow classes. Such experiences make mothers feel angry and frustrated. However, when children adapt to school, mothers see the possibility that children could accomplish schoolwork. They appreciate teachers help and others consideration. Mothers place appropriate expectations on their children and help them to prepare for the future. I would make following suggestions based on the results. 1. As a primary basic course of rehabilitation nursing intervention, solution-centered nursing intervention system should be developed. The intervention needs to be based on the understanding of mothers, who raise children with cerebral palsy, through in-depth interview. 2. Advance researches on the development of individual nursing intervention should be conducted. Individual nursing intervention needs to prevent and release actual pain focusing on mothers raising children with cerebral palsy. 3. Integrated curriculum that help children with cerebral palsy lead a normal school life with ordinary children should be developed. 4. Basic research on using of facilities and effective application of service volunteer to help children with cerebral palsy in school needs to be conducted.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제35권
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• pp.231-261
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• 1998

본 연구는 일반인들의 정신장애인에 대한 편견적 태도 및 생각이 어느정도인가를 살펴보고자 하는데 목적을 둔 것으로 크게 3개 차원에서의 비교연구에 초점을 두었다. 하나는 인구사회학적 및 지역별 차이에 따른 일반인의 정신장애인에 대한 편견비교이며, 다른 하나는 지체장애인아 대한 편견과의 비교이며, 마지막 하나는 정신장애인, 그 가족, 그리고 전문가들의 편견과의 비교분석이다. 연구대상은 18세 이상의 성인으로, 일반인 300명, 정신장애인, 그 가족, 전문가 각 100명씩 총 600명이다. 표본은 우선 지역을 선점한 후 지역내 조사답변자를 선점하였다. 지역으로는 서울, 경산, 홍성이 선정되었고, 일반인은 무작위표집하였으며, 나머지는 각 지역의 병 의원을 통해 표집하였다. 자료수집에는 정신장애인 편견척도, 장애인 편견척도를 포함한 설문지를 활용하였다. 분석결과, 우리나라 일반인의 정신장애인에 대한 편견은 그다지 심하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 한 인간으로서 이들을 수용하는 정도는 높았으나, 이들에게 '사회적응하여 사는 사람'으로 '사회인'으로서의 역할을 부여하는데 있어서는 아직까지 낮은 수용도를 보이고 있었다. 특히 병원에 입원한 정신장애인에 대한 부정적 인식이 컷으며, 사회봉사의 경험이 편견의 정도를 낮추는데 지대한 공헌을 하였다. 장애인에 대한 편견과의 비교에서는 격리치료에서는 정신장애인에게, 불임수술에서는 장애인에게 높은 편견적 태도를 보였다. 대도시에서의 편견은 낮은 반면, 중소도시와 군/읍단위에서의 편견은 항목별로 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 나이, 교육적도, 월수입에 따른 차이도 크게 보였다. 정신장애인들의 자기편견의 경우도 항목별 차이를 보이는 가운데 타인과의 관계속에서 이해되는 부분에 대한 편견이 높았다. 가족과 전문가에게서도 대체로 낮은 편견을 보이는 가운데 항목별 차이를 나타냈다. 이같은 결과는 특정편견에 긍정적, 부정적 영향을 미치는 요소들에 대해 전분가의 개입이 필요함을 드러내 준 것이다. 정신보건정책의 수립에 있어서도 입원치료중심의 정책이 아니라 지역사회에서 사회전체가 정신장애인들의 인권을 인정해주는 사회통합의 정책을 마련하여야 함도 시사해주고 있다고 하겠다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.193-222
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• 2010

성인기에 발생하는 중도장애나 이혼과 같은 생애위기는 당사자의 독립성이나 상호의존성에 대한 도전을 수반하여 그러한 자기인식과 해석에 변화를 초래할 수 있다. 이 연구는 생애위기 경험자의 그와 같은 자기해석이 복합적일수록 긍정적인 자기특성이 양성되어 심리적 안녕이 높을 것으로 보고, 자기해석의 복합성과 심리적 안녕 간의 관계가 자기긍정성을 구성하는 세 요인, 즉 관점의 다각화, 자기수용, 자기조절에 의해 매개되는 경로를 조사하였다. 편의표집에 의해 서울과 수도권 지역에 거주하는 중도장애인, 이혼인, 일반인 비교집단 총 359명을 조사한 결과, 생애위기 경험집단이 평균적으로 일반인 비교집단에 비해 독립적 자기해석이 높았고, 상호의존적 자기해석이 낮았다. 복합적인 자기해석은 예측대로 의미 발견과 의미 부여를 돕는 관점의 다각화와 밀접하게 연관되었고 이를 통해 자기수용, 자기조절과 같은 긍정적 태도에 기여하였으며, 이 중 관점의 다각화와 자기수용을 통한 경로로 생애위기의 경험여부와 상관없이 응답자들의 심리적 안녕, 즉 긍정적 정서의 경험과 우울과 같은 부정적 정서의 감소를 도왔다. 관점의 다각화가 우울을 직접 낮추는 효과는 예측대로 생애위기 경험집단에서만 나타났고, 긍정적 정서를 양성하는 직접효과는 모든 집단에서 발견되었다. 따라서 관점의 다각화가 생애위기의 경험자들 사이에서는 의미 발견과 긍정적 태도 양쪽에 탄력을 주어 적응과 심리적 안녕을 돕는 반면 일반인들 사이에서는 우선적으로 긍정적 태도, 긍정적 정서 등 긍정성을 키워 심리적 안녕에 기여함을 추론할 수 있었다. 이 연구는 관점의 다각화와 복합적인 자기해석이 역경극복에 동력이 되는 의미 찾기를 도우며 긍정적 태도를 양성하여 생애위기 경험자의 심리적 안녕에 기여하는 기제와 심리적 자원으로 각각 기능할 수 있음을 시사하여, 이를 토대로 사회복지실천을 위한 함의를 논의하였다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제5권
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• pp.25-42
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• 2004

This study set out to investigate the relations between middle school students' perception of body image and their allowance for plastic surgery, to understand their perception of body image and desire for plastic surgery, and provide some data needed to warn against reckless plastic surgery and guide the students effectively. For those purposes, an examination was conducted of the relationships between the individual characteristics and perception levels of body image, the individual characteristics and allowance for plastic surgery, and perception levels of body image and allowance for plastic surgery. The subjects were drawn from sour middle schools located in two regions of Gyeonggi Province. Total 922 boys and girls were surveyed on a questionnaire, which was developed based on the pretest of previous literature, reviewed for appropriateness, and tested for reliability and reasonableness. The body image on the five scale was greater as the perception level was higher. The allowance for plastic surgery was also greater as the scores were more. The findings were as follows: First, the relationships between individual characteristics and perception levels of body image were examined. The third graders showed the highest perception level, being followed by the first and second graders. The girls were more perceptive than the boys, and those who were extrovert were more perceptive than those who were introvert. Those students whose parents earned 2 million won or more a month and who adapted themselves to the environmental changes had a higher perception level. In a word, the girls from the middle class that were well adapted, felt happy, and were extrovert had a higher perception level of body image. Second, the connections between individual characteristics and allowance for plastic surgery were investigated. The third graders were the most admissive of plastic surgery, followed by the second and first graders. That is, the upper graders were more admissive of plastic surgery. In addition, the girls were more admissive than the boys, and those who were extrovert were more than those who were introvert. There were no significant differences according to the monthly income of the parents, grades, adaptability to surroundings, and happiness, which results almost resembled the findings of a study conducted on adults. Third, there were negative correlations found between the perception levels of body image and the allowance for plastic surgery. To elaborate, the higher the perception levels were, the lower the allowance was, and vice versa. As for the items, the subjects showed more allowance for plastic surgery when they scored less in the item of caring about appearance, importance of looking pretty to others, and efforts to improve appearance. When they had a low value of body and easily felt tired, they were highly acceptive of plastic surgery. The allowance for plastic surgery was also great when their perception was much of how healthy they felt, how important they felt about their bodies, how they were satisfied with their current appearances, how they evaluated the appearance of others, how much they were satisfied physically, and how much demanding they were for physical changes. Meanwhile, there were no correlations between the allowance and physical attraction, the degree for one's activities to be hindered, and sickness. In short, the demand for plastic surgery was 41% for the girls and 20.2% for the boys. Just as the study on adults reported, those who had a low or negative perception of body image were more acceptive of plastic surgery. The middle school students were generally positive about their bodies with the lowest perception level at 2.91 and the highest at 3.21. Their individual allowance for plastic surgery was related to their individual body images, which were in turn affected by the mass communication, surrounding environments, and social values. Thus it's necessary for the entire society to try to improve or change the overall perception. Helping measures should be taken so that the students can form right sense of values about their bodies, avoid the obsession with appearance and appearance-based evaluation, and exercise righteous criteria against humans beings and things. In conclusions, the following suggestions were made: they need to develop such questionnaires or tools as can measure the body image of teens and fit the reality. Moreover, body image improvement programs should be more diverse and more applicable to teens. Despite the consistent reports that prove the correlations between body image and plastic surgery, there has been little effort to apply such factors as experience of the life of the disabled, volunteer activities for the disabled and at the hospitals, and others that can induce changes to body image to the body image improvement programs. In the future, comparative research should be carried out on body image and plastic surgery.