• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to examine postpartum depression of Vietnamese married immigrant women and Korean women, and to identify factors that affect postpartum depression. Methods: Subjects of one hundred and thirty-five women who had delivered a baby within 3 years were part of the study. Of these women, sixty were Vietnamese married immigrant women and sixty seven were Korean women living in Gangwon Province. Kim's (2005) Korean version of Cox's (1987) EPDS (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) was used to evaluate postpartum depression. The reliability of the entire subjects was Cronbach's ${\alpha}$=.677, Vietnamese women .743, and Korean women .654. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in demographic data and obstetric history. There were significant differences in EPDS (t=-0.236, p=.814) of the type of household between the two groups. Korean women experienced more depression in the items of EPDS 1,2,5, and Vietnamese women experienced more depression in the items of EPDS 7, 8, and 10 when comparing item by item. The influencing factors of EPDS in entire subjects were marriage type, satisfaction of relationship with the husband and other household extended family members, and emotional experience during pregnancy. Conclusion: Postpartum depression has occurred regardless of ethnicity, therefore prevention programs targeted at depression, and family support programs should be developed for all childbearing women.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.695-704
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• 2018

This study attempted literary therapy approach to establish a healthy identity of Korean married immigrant women by using . The research suggests the difficulties of forming a healthy identity in the process of adaptation of Korean marriage imm6igrants to international marriage, and suggests a literary therapeutic alternative using the narrative structure of Ondal tales. In this study, we used the proven narrative, classical literature, to help the marriage migrant women to develop healthy self - narration, and furthermore, the possibility of reestablishing a healthy identity is centered on their human relations. The research suggests that self-narratives can provide a confidence that a happy life can be managed by providing a literary therapeutic alternative to establish a healthy identity. Through this study, it was positively pointed out that married immigrant women can utilize classical literature in their programs for establishing a healthy identity and that they can have an expected effect on their understanding of Korean culture and Korean language ability.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.75
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• pp.43-79
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• 2016

An increase in the number of immigrants to Korea since the late 1980s' has signified the proliferation of globalization and global capitalism. In Korea, most married immigrants are women, as the culture emphasizes patrilineage and the stability of the institution of marriage, particularly in rural areas. Immigrant women have experienced dual ordeals. The Aogra Internet community in Korea has been one of the most representative sites that has shown the power of communities in cyberspace since 2002, leading the discussion of social issues and deliberative democracy both online and offline. This paper analyzed Koreans' writings (such as long comments) on immigrant women in the Agora community. The analysis revealed the following results: first, immigrant women were referred to using terms related to prostitution, with excessive expression of disgust, which is called a "narrative of identity." Second, anti-multiculturalists called Korean men victims of married immigrant women and expressed hatred toward immigrant women, which is called a "narrative of sacrifice." Third, anti-multiculturalists justified their emotions as just resentment based on ideas of justice, equality, and patriotism, concealing the emotion of disgust, which is called the "narrative of justice, equality." Fourth, antimulticulturalists played roles to spread the emotion of disgust, by repeatedly referring to international marriage fraud and immigrant workers' crimes, which is called "narrative of crime." Fifth, some positive writings on immigrant women were based on empathy(a concept defined in this context by Martha Nussbaum), but they can be analyzed as narratives encouraging cultural integration through the perspective of orientalism. Therefore, comments on immigrant women in the Agora represent a "catch-22" dilemma. To deal with conflicts arising from disgust and violations of human rights, civic education focusing on humanism is needed in this multicultural era.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.13-21
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• 2014

In this paper, we study on an 'e-Atlas of Society & Culture(e-ASC)', to develop and implement educational courseware for marriage immigrant women, to adapt Korean society. The 'e-ASC' can help cultural adaptation, such as the understanding of Korean people's common values and behaviors and can likewise provide opportunities to contribute to Korean society, for marriage immigrant women living in Korea. E-cultural map is a useful tool for providing educational experiences and sharing a sociocultural homogeneity, using three dimensional space, for both immigrants and residents. The 'e-Atlas of Society & Culture', suggested in this paper, using the notion of an E-cultural map, has a strong point. That is to say, the immigrants have contextual limitations about Korea and Korean culture, caused by some particular events in their motherland. This atlas provides an opportunity to overcome this contextual limitations and to help understand and adapt to Korean society for these immigrants. This 'e-Atlas of Society & Culture' can be an efficient educational tool for immigrants and can help marriage immigrant women understand and adapt Korean social and cultural phenomena. They might have contextual limitations about these phenomena in their motherland.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 2021

Purpose: This study compared maternal age at childbirth, the number of live births, and the weight of live births between Korean women and immigrant women using statistical data from the Republic of Korea for the period of 2008-2018. Methods: The analysis was conducted using data from the Microdata Integrated Service of Statistics Korea (https://mdis.kostat.go.kr/index.do). Results: Korean women and immigrant women showed a higher age at childbirth in 2018 than in 2008. The percentage of newborns of Korean women with a birth weight of less than 2.5 kg increased slightly for 3 consecutive years from 2016 to 2018, whereas for immigrant women, this percentage increased in 2017 compared to 2016 and then decreased again in 2018. Very low birth weight (less than 1.5 kg) became more common among immigrant women from 2016 to 2018. Birth at a gestational age of fewer than 37 weeks increased both among Korean and immigrant women from 2016 to 2018. In both groups, the percentage of women who had their first child within their first 2 years of marriage decreased from 2008 to 2018. Conclusion: Immigrant women had higher birth rates than Korean women, while both groups showed an increasing trend in preterm birth. Greater attention should be paid to the pregnancy and birth needs of immigrant women, and steps are needed to ensure health equity and access in order to prevent preterm births. It is also necessary to identify factors that affect preterm birth and birth of very low birth weight infants among immigrant women in the future.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.59-70
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences among families in terms of conflict, life satisfaction according to socio-demographic variables, and self-esteem, and to analyze the effects of these variables influencing marital satisfaction for immigrant women. The subjects of this study were 127 immigrant women in Sunchon. Trained researchers interviewed the subjects with structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Duncan's test, Pearson's r, and stepwise multiple regression. The statistical package of SPSS is used to perform these analyses. The result of this study is summarized as follows: The family conflict scores of the immigrant women were lower than the median. The average score of life satisfaction was higher than the median. The family conflict of the immigrant women showed significant differences according of age.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.254-264
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing depression of married immigrant women in Korea. Methods: Participants included 127 married immigrant women who met eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Participants were evaluated for subjective assessment of married immigrant-related constructs using a self-report questionnaire, for depression, acculturation stress, and social support. The analysis was done using SPSS for Windows, version 18.0, and included stepwise regression. Results: The major findings were as follows; 1) Depression significantly differed according to native country, length of residence in Korea, education, family monthly income, household and primary support. 2) There were significant relationships between marital life satisfaction (r=-.80, p<.001), acculturative stress (r=.78, p<.001), and social support (r=-.20, p=.025). 3) Marital life satisfaction, family monthly income, acculturative stress, primary support and social support were significant factors, which explained 84.6% of the variance in depression (F=138.04, p<.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that a powerful predictor of depression for married immigrant women was marital life satisfaction. Conclusion: Based upon the findings, this study provides useful information that could assist in reducing depression among married immigrant women, and indicates that nursing interventions are needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.394-405
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe cultural meanings for married Japanese immigrant women in rural Korean communities. Methods: The informants were 10 women in rural areas. Data were collected from August 2017 to June 2018 through in-depth interviews and participant observations and analyzed using text analysis and taxonomic methods developed by Spradley. Results: The meanings of adaptation were classified into five cultural domains: Practicing the doctrine, accepting the difference, redemption, true home, and confronting reality. The subthemes according to meanings of adaptation were comprised of international marriage with a sense of calling, bearing with sense of duty, and making a living substantively. The subthemes in this study reflect the process of adaptation. The cultural themes in the process of adaptation were overcoming differences and conflicts between Korea and Japan to achieve true family. Conclusion: The adaptation processes of married Japanese immigrant women included making their living reality known and recognizing the times when exchanges between Koreans and Japanese cannot exist within a hostile composition.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.401-414
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to present the results of in-depth analysis of family disintegration experience as a qualitative study to understand the meaning and nature of the experiences of marriage and divorce of women who have divorced in Vietnam. The participants were selected as six Vietnamese women who had been divorced for less than two years after five to 12 years of marriage. The collection of data and the analysis of the data were done by six concrete steps that should be followed in the scientific phenomenology suggested by Colaizzi(1978) Through this study, 74 subjects from 203 semantic meanings were derived and identified as 23 subject groups and finally organized into 7 categories. The seven categories were presented as life in Vietnam before marriage, motive of getting married, method and process of marriage, good experience of marriage, difficult experience in marriage, cause of divorce, changed life after divorce. The results of this study suggest that sexual relationship is a major conflict factor in marriage, and that this problem can lead to divorce. It is hoped that this study will help to find a solution for the dissolution of multicultural families.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.514-528
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• 2017

This study aims at exploring the transnational care for family members back home among the Nepalese marriage immigrant women in Korea on the bases of some transnational care practices like remittances, virtual intimacy through information and communication technologies, visit to Nepal, and invitation of family members to Korea. This study argues that in order to understand migrant women's care practices properly, Nepalese marriage immigrant women should be considered as 'being in-between' the societies and cultures of Nepal and Korea. This study identifies the characteristics of transnational care practices of Nepalese women are closely related to the role expectation for the eldest daughter as well as whether or not migrant women have children, jobs, and original family member in Korea. Furthermore, this study highlights that migrant women's transnational care practices should be considered as 'reciprocal exchange of cares' between marriage women and their family members rather than one-way benefits going to the latter.