• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.86-101
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• 2000

Various kinds of living circumstances are making population structure of Korean changed. That is, number of the children is decreased and that of the aged is increased. It is predicted that population of the children and the aged will be almost same until 2020. With above, as the expectation of the aged on healthy living might be increased, some special programs for the aged will be needed strongly. At this point, Korean aged population might be economically poor, comparing with other generation. In general, economic factor affects the subjective living-satisfaction and health status of them. Moreover, educational status, household shape and family tieing also affect their health status. According to the foreign articles, health status of the aged might be related to income, educational status, job, employed or/not, marital status, family structure, sex, and childhood condition. decrease of the income or unemployment could make the death rate of the aged higher. During childhood, discordance among the family might affect their health status after. IGUR is also important factor to affect the adulthood health. Positive life style of the aged would lessen their unequality of the health among them. Nutritional status of the Korean aged population might be indicated under the nutritional recommendation. It is affected by their income, education level, social class, and residing place. (Korean J Nutrition 33(1) : 86-101, 2000)

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.4 s.66
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• pp.51-60
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• 2006

Nowadays, reading text from screens is prevailing in everyday life. The advent of mobile information devices such as a cellular phone, PDA, and e-book reader facilitates us to enjoy various text-based contents any time and anywhere. Most studies comparing screen and paper readability show that screens are less readable than paper. Furthermore, the decrease of line length and number of lines that can be displayed on the screen of mobile information devices deteriorate text readability. This study investigated parameters affecting text readability on small screens and designed a new text layout to improve readability. We suggested a diagonally splitted layout of rectangular column, which is supposed to facilitate eye movement to trace text flow with ease. The experiment comparing readability between a traditional rectangular column and a diagonally splitted column was conducted. The result of experiment revealed that there is no significant difference between the two text layouts in terms of subjective satisfaction of reading task and a level of comprehension. However, in the screen size of $4000mm^2\;and\;8000mm^2$, reading speed was increased 18.9% and 34.0% respectively from a traditional rectangular column to a diagonally splitted column. We conducted a consecutive experiment to scrutinize the cause that improved the performance in readability task remarkably. The readability of text in a traditional rectangular column was compared with a left triangular column and a right triangular column in the condition of $4000mm^2/3:1$ ratio screen. The performance measurements revealed that participants read 21.1% and 67.6% faster respectively with the left triangular column and right triangular column than with the rectangular column. In consequence, the improvement of readability in the diagonally splitted column was attributed mainly to the increase of reading speed in the right triangular column. This research verified that the diagonally splitted column improve text readability on a small screen and this result is expected to make a contribution to designing an efficient text layout for mobile information devices

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.34
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• pp.89-113
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• 2013

Travel by airplane using airport in globalized modern society is familiar to our life but such airport can be a target of terrorists who would threaten our safety. However, aviation terrorism which is represented by 9.11 terror gives horror beyond our imagination to modern people. Since the first airplane hijacking in Peru in 1931 happened, security organization in each nation has taken various prevention measures to block aviation terrorism. The most realistic measures to prevent aviation terrorism would be security check activity to control approach of terrorist that passengers on airplane and cargos are checked to find out dangerous article like explosive etc. But security check activity in Korea shifted to security check activity focused on private security for efficiency of airport operation differently from security check activity in advanced countries where public interests is strengthened according to risk of terror after 9.11 system. That is, since Incheon airport opened in March 2001, security check system focused on the police was changed. Now Incheon international airport Corporation instructs and supervises security check job and private security personnel are in charge of actual security check activity. But this check system has limitation in blocking terror activity by terrorists which is systematized and intelligent as time passes due to deteriorated job satisfaction of private security personnel and confusing supervising system. Accordingly, it is suggested to introduce risk management skill which is one of management strategy of private corporation for security check activity to prevent terror activity. With this skill, risk factors of aviation terror are identified and analyzed regularly, and each process such as setting of priority, activity to reduce risk, and assessment of security is carried out. And it would be necessary to do efforts, for example, to properly change level of security check according to threat of terror such as to place policeman at airport security in case threat of terror is severe. On the other hand, it is necessary to establish national police organization for good communication of security check activity in field and supervising function, which can encourage systematization and specialization of aviation security job.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.283-296
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• 2006

Along with the development of scientific technologies, health care has been growing remarkably, and as the social life quality improves with increasing interest in health, the demand for medical service is rapidly increasing. However, medical accident and medical dispute also are rapidly increasing due to various factors such as, increasing sense of people's right, lack of understanding in the nature of medical practice, over expectation on medical technique, commercialize medical supply system, moral degeneracy and unawareness of medical jurisprudence by doctors, widespread trend of mutual distrust, and lack of systematized device for solution of medical dispute. This study analysed 30 cases of civil suit in the year between 1994 to 2004, which were selected among the medical dispute cases in dental field with the judgement collected from organizations related to dentistry and department of oral medicine, Yonsei university dental hospital. The following results were drawn from the analyses: 1. The distribution of year showed rapid increase of medical dispute after the year 2000. 2. In the types of medical dispute, suit associated with tooth extraction took 36.7% of all. 3. As for the cause of medical dispute, uncomfortable feeling and dissatisfaction with the treatment showed 36.7%, death and permanent damage showed 16.7% each. 4. Winning the suit, compulsory mediation and recommendation for settlement took 60.0% of judgement result for the plaintiff. 5. For the type of medical organization in relation to medical dispute, 60.0% was found to be the private dental clinics, and 30.0% was university dental hospitals. 6. For the level of trial, dispute that progressed above 2 or 3 trials was of 30.0%. 7. For the amount of claim for damage, the claim amounting between 50 million to 100 million won was of 36.7%, and that of more than 100 million won was 13.3%, and in case of the judgement amount, the amount ranging from 10 million to 30 million won was of 40.0%, and that of more than 100 million won was of 6.7%. 8. For the number of dentist involved in the suit, 26.7% was of 2 or more dentists. 9. For the amount of time spent until the judgement, 46.7% took 11 to 20 months, and 36.7% took 21 to 30 months. 10. For medical malpractice, 46.7% was judged to be guilty, and 70% of the cases had undergone medical judgement or verification of the case by specialists during the process of the suit. 11. In the lost cases of doctors(18 cases), 72.2% was due to violence of carefulness in practice and 16.7% was due to missing of explanation to patient. Medical disputes occurring in the field of dentistry are usually of relatively less risky cases. Hence, the importance of explanation to patient is emphasized, and since the levels of patient satisfaction are subjective, improvement of the relationship between the patient and the dentist and recovery of autonomy within the group dentist are essential in addition to the reduction of technical malpractice. Moreover, management measure against the medical dispute should be set up through complement of the current doctors and hospitals medical malpractice insurance which is being conducted irrationally, and establishment of system in which education as well as consultation for medical disputes lead by the group of dental clinicians and academic scholars are accessible.