• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.24-38
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• 2016

The purpose of our study is to analyze the effect of socio-economic status on the diet pattern of Korean adults. Raw data from the fifth (2010-2012) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were used, and finally 11,700 adults were analyzed as subjects. Results in consideration of the socio-economic status of the subjects, a linear trend was observed in men in which the odds ratio of having lunch (p for trend=0.006) and dinner (p for trend=0.0317) decreased as the level of education went down. In diet frequency, a decreasing trend (p for trend=0.0328) was observed in which the odds ratio of having 3 meals a day reduced as the household income lowered. For women, a linear trend (p for trend=0.0012) was observed in which the frequency of dinner decreased as the level of education became lower. A falling trend in the rate of having 3 meals a day was also observed (p for trend=0.0135). Our study analyzed the characteristics of the diet patterns of individuals according to their socio-economic status with the purpose of suggesting guidelines for correcting. To prevent this, we will need education and awareness and public attention for the practice of correct eating habits.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.520-528
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• 2022

Objectives: Thiamine is thought to modify sleeping patterns, while alcohol use diminishes internal thiamine levels. We investigated the association between thiamine intake and sleep duration and explored possible heterogeneity in the effect according to alcohol use. Methods: In total, 15 384 participants aged 19-64 were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012-2016. Nutrient intake, including thiamine, was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Sleep duration was measured by a self-reported questionnaire. The highest thiamine intake quartile was set as the reference group. Participants were divided into 3 groups, with 7-8 hours of daily sleep as a reference group and those who slept more or less than that as "oversleeping" and "insufficient sleeping," respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was used, adjusting for socioeconomic, medical, and nutritional factors. Additionally, participants were stratified according to high-risk alcohol use defined by the World Health Organization standards on alcohol use. Results: Low thiamine intake was associated with oversleeping (Q3: odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86 to 1.32; Q2: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.55; Q1: OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.91) and showed a significant trend for higher ORs at lower intake levels (p-trend<0.001). The effect was stronger in the high-risk alcohol use group (Q1: OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.28 to 2.49). Conclusions: Low thiamine intake was associated with oversleeping, and alcohol use intensified that association. These results were found in a context where overt clinical symptoms due to thiamine deficiency are considered rare. More awareness of the potential relationship of thiamine intake with oversleeping and its related risks should be considered.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2008

제3기 (2005년) 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 분석한 결과 연구 대상자의 과반수에서 식품확보가 불안정하였으며, 식품안정성은 식사섭취와 관련이 있어 식품확보가 불안정한 군에서 영양소 섭취량이 낮고 섭취 식품의 다양성이 적었다. 본 연구는 우리 국민의 식품안정성과 식사섭취의 관련성에 대한 거의 초기 연구로 식품확보에 대한 안정성의 문제 크기를 파악하고 식품확보 여부에 따른 식사섭취의 양적${\cdot}$질적 측면을 다루었다. 이와 함께 식생활은 건강과 밀접한 관련이 있으므로 식품안정성과 건강 및 질병에 관한 후속 연구가 필요하며, 이러한 연구 결과에 근거하여 향후에는 저소득층의 안정적인 식품확보를 지원하는 정책을 마련하고 시행중인 정책의 효과 평가와 개선 방안을 모색할 필요가 있겠다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.399-411
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations of social-demographic, health-behavioral, and woman-specific factors with the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test in Korean adult women. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 9,698 Korean adult women aged 20 years or more who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys V (2010-2012). Rao-Scott chi-square tests and survey logistic regression analyses were employed respectively to analyze the difference in the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test by each characteristic and to explore the factors related to the non-screening status. Results: The rate of the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test was 53.5% over the previous 2 years. In the survey logistics regression analysis, age, marital status, educational levels, income levels, residential area, occupation, private health insurance, smoking, alcohol, obesity, menstrual status, pregnancy experience, and hormone replacement therapy were significantly associated with the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of this study, some social-demographic, health-behavioral, and woman-specific characteristics of Korean adult women seem to affect the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test. Therefore, appropriate health policies need to be designed, implemented, monitored, and evaluated to reduce the non-screening status of the cervical cancer screening test of them.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2013

Objectives: The inherent nature of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) design requires special analysis by incorporating sample weights, stratification, and clustering not used in ordinary statistical procedures. Methods: This study investigated the proportion of research papers that have used an appropriate statistical methodology out of the research papers analyzing the KNHANES cited in the PubMed online system from 2007 to 2012. We also compared differences in mean and regression estimates between the ordinary statistical data analyses without sampling weight and design-based data analyses using the KNHANES 2008 to 2010. Results: Of the 247 research articles cited in PubMed, only 19.8% of all articles used survey design analysis, compared with 80.2% of articles that used ordinary statistical analysis, treating KNHANES data as if it were collected using a simple random sampling method. Means and standard errors differed between the ordinary statistical data analyses and design-based analyses, and the standard errors in the design-based analyses tended to be larger than those in the ordinary statistical data analyses. Conclusions: Ignoring complex survey design can result in biased estimates and overstated significance levels. Sample weights, stratification, and clustering of the design must be incorporated into analyses to ensure the development of appropriate estimates and standard errors of these estimates.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2023

Purpose : Although Korea's health insurance system and access to medical care are well established compared to other countries, the rate of non-fulfillment of dental treatment is high. Medical use rates can be affected by economic characteristics, individual heatlh condtions, health concerns, and health behaviors. This study was implemented to investigate the effect of the middle-aged elderly people's family living together on the dental examination rate and to use it as basic data for program development, research, and poicies to promote oral health. Methods : Raw data from the 7th national health and nutrition survey conducted by the Korea centers for disease control and prevention (2016~2018) were used and analyzed using SPSS 21.0 Version (IBM, United States). Results : As a result of the study family types accroding to general characteristics, the more women are (p<.001), the higther the age (p<.001), the lower the hosehold income level (p<.001), the lower the educational background (p<.001), the more people who live in Eup-Myeon (p<.001) It was fouend that the rate of living alone was high. The dental examination rate according to general characteristics was related to age (p<.001), income (p<.001), and educational background (p<.001), and the higher the examination rate was in the same (p<.001), and the higher the family living together (p<.001). Factors influencing whether or not dental treatment was not performed were in the following order: household income (p<.001), age (p=.001), and family type (p=.017). Conclusion : The above results confirmed the relationship between family membership and dental examination rates, and measures such as the development and operation of participatory programs to improve public oral health by resolving medical inequality and enhancing health equity, and it is believed that the development of professional manpower and the operation of education and programs for professionals are necessary.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between consumption of nutrition and periodontal diseases in the Korean menopausal women. Methods: The data used for analysis were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013). Subjects were 1,407 women aged over 35 years old. Data were analyzed by chi-square and t-test. Multiple regression analysis was also performed to assess the association between nutrition and periodontal diseases. Statistical significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: Using multiple logistic regression analysis after adjustment of age, education level, and BMI, we found significant relationship between intake of protein (OR: 0.31, 95%CI: 0.14-0.65), carbohydrate (OR:3.31, 95%CI 1.90-5.77) and risk for periodontitis. Conclusions: dequate intake of protein and decreased intake of carbohydrate may be recommended for prevention of periodontal diseases in the menopausal women.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.512-519
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• 2020

Objectives: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the associations between food groups and hearing loss. Methods: Data of 1,312 individuals were used from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013. Hearing loss was determined with a pure tone average (PTA) of greater than 25 dB in either ear. The PTA was measured as the average hearing threshold at speech frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. The dietary intake was examined with a food frequency questionnaire with 112 food items. The food items were classified into 25 food groups. A weighted logistic regression was used to investigate the association. Results: Individuals in the highest tertile of vegetables and nuts food groups were less likely to have hearing loss than those in the lowest tertile [Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.58 (95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.38-0.91), P = 0.019; OR = 0.59 (95% CI 0.39-0.90), P = 0.020, respectively], after adjusting for confounding variables of age, sex, body mass index, drinking, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and physical activity. Conclusions: In this cross-sectional study, we observed that high intake of vegetables and nuts food groups revealed significant inverse associations with hearing loss, after adjusting for confounding variables among 1,312 participants.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.947-961
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between metabolic syndrome and oral diseases in the middle aged and elderly in Korea. Methods: The study subjects were 6,390 people over 40 years old from 2010 and 2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The survey questionnaire consisted of health, nutrition, and oral examination surveys. The independent variables included general characteristics, health behavior, oral health behavior, and metabolic syndrome. The dependent variables included dental caries experience and periodontal disease. The oral examination was carried out by the dentist based on World Health Organization standard. Results: The average prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome MS was 23.79%, including 54.84% of risk group and 21.37% of normal group. The missing teeth rate was 82.38%, DMFT rate was 90.28% and the periodontal disease rate was 33.15%. Those having abnormal fasting blood glucose had 1.17 fold(95% CI: 1.00~1.37) higher periodontal disease than the normal group. The abnormal HDL cholesterol group had 1.25 times higher odds ratio(95% CI: 1.07~1.46) and the obese group had 1.27 times higher odds ratio(95% CI: 1.07~1.51). The risk group had 1.20 times higher odds ration(95% CI: 1.00~1.44) and that of the metabolic syndrome group was 1.60 times higher(95% CI: 1.29~1.97) in periodontal disease. The high blood pressure group had 1.25 times of missing teeth prevalence rate(95% CI: 1.00~1.37). The metabolic syndrome group had 1.47 times of missing teeth prevalence rate(95% CI: 1.11~1.94). Conclusions: The middle aged and elderly people in Korea had higher rate of metabolic syndrome and oral disease. It is necessary to implement the preventive oral health examination for the control of metabolic syndrome and oral diseases prevalence.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.412-412
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• 2019