• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.47-67
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• 2018

Objectives : Sinhyeongjangbudo found in Dongeuibogam is one of the most unique picture of viscera and bowels, or picture of internal body, produced in East Asia, but there has been no cohedrent explanation based on historical data as to how the details of the pictures were composed. This paper attempted to provide just that for each part in the Sinhyeongjangbudo. Methods : Sinhyeongjangbudo found in Dongeuibogam Side view picture found in the Wanbinghuichun, which is the jangbudo that is the closest to Sinhyeongjangbudo, and the Yishengjieti's jangbudo were compared for their compilation periods to follow the path via which Sinhyeongjangbudo was created. Results : Comparing the above three sets of pictures of viscera and bowels revealed that Yishengjieti's pictures were simplified and Wanbinghuichun's side view pictures contained many errors. The Sinhyeongjangbudo found in Dongeuibogam was the result of correcting the errors of the side view picture while maintaining the simplification. Conclusions : Sinhyeongjangbudo is the simplification based on Wanbinghuichun's side view pictures with corrections.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to help select an appropriate word embedding method when analyzing East Asian traditional medicine texts as data. Methods : Based on prescription data that imply traditional methods in traditional East Asian medicine, we have examined 4 count-based word embedding and 2 prediction-based word embedding methods. In order to intuitively compare these word embedding methods, we proposed a "prescription generating game" and compared its results with those from the application of the 6 methods. Results : When the adjacent vectors are extracted, the count-based word embedding method derives the main herbs that are frequently used in conjunction with each other. On the other hand, in the prediction-based word embedding method, the synonyms of the herbs were derived. Conclusions : Counting based word embedding methods seems to be more effective than prediction-based word embedding methods in analyzing the use of domesticated herbs. Among count-based word embedding methods, the TF-vector method tends to exaggerate the frequency effect, and hence the TF-IDF vector or co-word vector may be a more reasonable choice. Also, the t-score vector may be recommended in search for unusual information that could not be found in frequency. On the other hand, prediction-based embedding seems to be effective when deriving the bases of similar meanings in context.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.95-108
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• 2017

Objectives : The concept of hidden Yin in summer by Zhu Danxi deals with the relationship between summer heat disease and hidden yin inside of human body. This paper attempts to ponder upon the clinical issues around which the discussions regarding the topic unfolded, and upon the texts on which the doctors of the discussions based their opinions. Methods : First, Danxi's argument as discussed in $G{\acute{e}}zh{\grave{i}}y{\acute{u}}l{\grave{u}}n$ is analyzed to find out his understandings of clinical issues and his textual sources on which he based his new perspective. Moreover, the prescriptions that Danxi thought was problematic and the concept of hidden yin as it existed before the time of Danxi are reviewed, and these findings are used understand Zhangjingyue's ground of criticism against Danxi. Lastly, this paper contemplates how these opposing opinions may be helpful to the general principles of medical theories. Results & Conclusions : There was a trend before the time of Danxi of abusing drugs as prescription based on warm-heat, understanding that a human body has yin-cold during summer. However, Danxi brought forth a new concept of yin deficiency in order to correct people's misunderstanding. Despite his effort, Zhangjingyue and other doctors contemporary to Danxi emphasized on one hand that human body is placed on a state of external heat inside the cold, and on the another, criticized Danxi of failing to fully understand the principle of "Abandon the time and follow the symptoms", a principle which asserts that the cold and warm of medicine should be decided by the symptom itself and not by the season. The value of these contradicting assertions seems to hold true even to this day because it helps us understand that the principles of "Counting Season as a Treatment Factor" and "Abandon the time and follow the symptoms" could be applied with balance in conjunction with each other.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.45-57
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• 2017

Objectives : There exists a number of books that deal with curing diseases with foods. This includes Shennongbencaojing from Han Dynasty era, Zanyin's Shiloaoxingan and Mengxi's Shilaobencao from Tang Dynasty era, Husihui's Yinshanzhengyao from Won Dynasty era, and Feiboxiong's Sikgamboncho from Qing Dynasty era. This paper aims to delve into the food treatment revealed in Sikgamboncho, which is the latest book in the preceeding list, and studied its differences when compared to other medical books that deal with food treatment methods. Methods : The format and contents of Feiboxiong's Sikgamboncho were studied. For its format, Shilaoaoxingan, Yinshanzhengyao, Shikryochanyo, and Donguibogam were used to compare their formats with that of Sikgamboncho in order to discern the unique characteristics found in the book. For its contents, the paper studied food ingredients and food treatment separately, and then studied the historical significance of Feiboxiong's Sikgamboncho. Results : Sikgamboncho categorizes 12 types of grain, 22 types of vegetables, 7 types of cucumis calyx, 27 types of fruit, 9 types of flavor, 4 types of bird, 4 types of animal, 10 types of fish with scales, 4 types of carapace, and 2 types of worm. The book explains each ingredient's harvest period, its nature, potency, and taboos. The food treatment section explains 74 types of treatments that are divided between the wind, cold, summer heat, dampness, dryness category and the qi, blood phlegm, deficiency, and excess category. Each treatment contains its potency and recipe. Conclusions : Feiboxiong underlined the importance of ingredient through placing significance even to the order of ingredients. Out of the total 74 food treatments, 25 treatments were dedicated to deal with weakness. Feiboxiong attempted to prevent human body from becoming weak, which reflects his emphasis on the importance of food and wellness.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.77-98
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• 2022

Objectives : This paper intends to examine the essence of Joseon's cultivation techniques as written in the vast encyclopedia Imwon-gyeongje-ji. Methods : Items related to cultivation techniques in the Imwon-gyeongje-ji were brought together and analyzed through various cases that match the theme and structure of this paper, focusing on the relationship of Body-Environment-Society Results & Conclusions : Based on the contents of the Imwon-gyeongje-ji, it could be said that Seo Yu-gu consistently attempted to secure and improve health, well-being, and welfare in all levels of an individual's body, environment, and society while stating to have integrated Buddhist and Daoist methods based on Confucius cultivation. This thought is linked to the ideals of Zhongyong, one of the main scriptures of Confucianism, which could be summarized by the concept of the Heaven-Earth Cultivation. In specific, contents within the 16 treaties of the Imwon-gyeongje-ji such as the Boyang-ji, Inje-ji, Jeongjo-ji, Yewon-ji, Yiwun-ji, Yuye-ji, Yegyu-ji, etc., that could be categorized as personal, environmental and societal cultivation has great implications for people today in that it could lead us to an integrated path of cultivation through the inter-connection of body, environment, and society.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.29-43
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• 2018

Objectives : This paper studies how the people of the past deal with constipation before the introduction of modern medical knowledge. Then, the paper selected some of the methods that use food ingredients with little to no side effects, and studied them to find a basic set of data that can be applied to today's medical practices. Methods : This paper reviewed six literatures: China's Eumsunjungyo, Nonohangeon, and Shiggamboncho, and Chosun's Singnyochanyo, Donguibogam, and Jejungsinpyeon. The food cures related to constipation were studied to discover what ingredients and preparation forms were used, how they were taken, what types of prescriptions existed, and how they were applied. Results : The food cure for constipation included ingredients such as mazi, suzi, sesame, honey, yiyiren, yuliren, xingren, taoren, and rice. These ingredients are known for replenishing the body's fluid and humor and allowing the better flow of qi. Mazi porridge, suma porridge, raw sesame oil, suzhu porridge, and suxing porridge were effective in dealing with the conspitation caused by heat, and jingshen wan, yiyiren porridge, yuliren porridge, yulirenyiyiren porridge, xingren porridge, and taoren porridge were effective in taking care of conspitation caused by qi deficiency. Conclusions : With a constipation caused by heat, it is good to take mazi and spinach regularly which is helpful in cooling down the heat. For senior citizens, constipations occur due to the qi deficiency that leads to the lack of fluid and humor. In this case, suzhu porridge should be taken regularly together with milk and sesame oil in order to replenish the qi. This will tonify the amount of qi and moisten the large intestines, which will be also helpful in tonifying the body itself.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

Objectives : In order to understand and apply Lee Jema's emotion control method, the basic concepts of his nature-temperament theory was examined. Lee's thoughts on emotion control, and the basic principles of his method were deduced from this process. Methods : The meaning and set-up of basic concepts in his nature-temperament theory as written in text such as the Donguisusebowon, Gyeokchigo, and Donguisusebowon Sasang Chobongwon were examined, and compared with similar concepts of Confucianism. Results & Conclusions : Out of concepts set by Lee, the Ae(哀)-No(怒)-Hui(喜)-Rak(樂) nature-temperament is the condition for emotion control. Junghwa(中和) is the aim of emotion control according to different stages of emotional expression, and Jiin(知人) is the precondition for emotion control. Lee's basic principles of emotion control could be summarized as following. First, it must be done with the aim for 'Goodness[善]' to be manifested. Second, it must be based on clear understanding of 'Insa(人事)'. Lastly, Hoyeonjigi(浩然之氣) and Hoyeonjiri(浩然之理) must be consistently cultivated for stable emotion control.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2017

Objectives : 28 prescriptions with the name 'Dossi' can be found in Yixuerumen, and all these prescriptions are highly useful due to their clinical effectiveness. Among them, Dossisosihotang has an important role as the essential prescription utilizing harmonizing and releasing formula. Therefore, this paper aims to ponder upon this prescription. Methods : Dossisosihotang's origin and effectiveness were studied, and the findings served as the basis for analyzing the varied forms of this prescription which came about in the later generations in order to consider more detailed usage of this prescription. Results & Conclusions : Dossisosihotang directs its patient to consume sosihotang added with chenpi, shaoyao, chuanxiong, then simmered, and added with three spoons worth of raw wormwood juice. Its origin can be traced back to shachechuifa's 'Sihossanghaeeum,' and it is mainly effective for treating the blood aspect syndrome of lesser yang disease such as women's cold damage and heat entering the blood chamber. In treating the symptom of half-exterior and half-interior, taohua developed prescriptions depending on the syndrome, such as Sihijigyungtang, Sihohamhyoungtang, Samhosambacktang, Siryungtang, Sihosamultang, Sigalhaegitang, and Samhoseoggotang. These prescriptions became widely known for their clinical efficacy, leading to many later generations of clinical doctors to use them.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.11-40
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of this article is to make a clarification that Hwang Doyeon(黃度淵) was a official doctor(醫官) who even served as royal doctor(御醫), rather than merely a general doctor who worked in the private sector. The article also attempts to give a new perspective on the medical history about the late period of Joseon(朝鮮) Dynasty. Methods : In researching Hwang Doyeon's master work, the Gains and Losses of Medical Orthodoxy(醫宗損益), the article looks at his clinical medicines. Analyzing the historical records, the article makes an assumption that Hwang Doyeon and Hwang Dosoon(黃道淳), who was selected as an officer to discuss medicine with other medical officers(議藥同參), are the identical person. On this assumption, the article tries to reinterpret the medicine during the later Joseon Dynasty period. Result & Conclusion : The records, including the royal medical treatment records of the Gains and Losses of Medical Orthodoxy, the Daily Records of Royal Secretariat(承政院日記), the genealogy of Changwon Hwangs(昌原黃氏世譜), academic paper and government documents released posthumously, demonstrated that Hwang Doyeon and Hwang Dosoon are the same person. If so, we can have new historical interpretation about medical history of late Joseon Dynasty. First, during the late of Joseon Dynasty, there was an official and active medical knowledge interaction between government and private sector. Second, the Joseon's medicine has been established its own medical system based on the Treasured Mirror of Eastern Medicine(東醫寶鑑), trying to cope with cholera and other contemporary epidemics without relying on Chinese warm disease(溫病) medicine. Third, the Compilation of Formulas and Medicinals(方藥合編), is regarded not only as a must-read medical reading for medical doctors, also playing an important role on popularization of Korean medical knowledge.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

Objective : Doctors' discussions on Makwon's warm-disease are studied in an effort to contemplate a way to use the outcome in practice. Method : Doctors' discussions on Makwon as found in researches and texts are categorized into physical and pathologica, and their symptoms and treatments are analyzed. Result & Conclusion : Many doctors of warm disease explained that, in terms of the physical aspect, Makwon is closely related to stomach. Some doctors also mentioned its relationship with triple engizers, defense and nutrient qi, and spleen. In terms of pathology, most of the doctors considered Makwon to be a hiding place of foul turbidity pathogen, and explained that a treatment has to be applied before the disease pattern worsens. Diverse syndroms of Makwonwere introduced. Their discussions mainly revolved around warm and epidemic or category of dampness-heat diseases. Alternating chills and fever was also mentioned often, and generalized pain, nausea, tongue of thick and slimy fur symptoms are shown. Ouguk's Dalwonneum is used as the basic treatment. The most effective prevention method of the incubation of pathogen are the symptoms that allows the analysis of the mechanism of disease. Therefore, a good utilization method of resolve turbidity with aroma or spices may contribute to the prevention of Makwon-disease in terms of cultural aspect.