• 제목/요약/키워드: The Early 1920s

검색결과 118건 처리시간 0.029초

식민지 '미디어 효과론'의 구성 대중 통제 기술로서 미디어 '영향 담론' ('Media Influence' Discourses Articulated for Crowd Control in Colonial Korea)

  • 유선영
    • 한국언론정보학보
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    • 제77권
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    • pp.137-163
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    • 2016
  • 사진, 환등, 영화는 20세기 전반기의 경이롭고 마술적인 시각 기술, 1910년대 중반 상업적 가능성을 확인시킨 시기를 거쳐, 1920~1930년대 내내 문화적 패권을 향유한 유일한 미디어였다. 처음부터 근대적 오락으로 소비된 시각 미디어들에 대한 담론은 1920년대 초반까지 영화보다는 관객이 집합하는 공간인 극장 통제, 즉 군중 통제에 역점을 두고 구성되었다. 그러다 영화 자체가 현대적 문화와 미학의 표준이 된 1920년대 중반 이후 무성영화시대에는 당대의 지배적 학문 분야들인 심리학, 사회학, 대중 심리학의 개념과 이론을 적용하여 영화가 대중에게 미치는 강력한 도덕, 심리, 정신면의 부정적 영향을 강조하게 된다. 이데올로기 도구이자 동시에 근대 리얼리즘의 재현 매체로서 가능성을 지닌 시각 기술과 그것의 정점에 있는 영화의 영향을 부정적으로 규정해 간 것이다. 이 연구는 이러한 '식민적 미디어 영향 담론'이 처음부터 통치의 문제였으며 상업적 소비대중과 저항적 군중 통제를 위한 담론이었음을 주장하였다. 주목해야 할 사실은 이를 통해 일제의 식민지 통치성이 부단히 세계적, 보편적 사유와 지적흐름을 수용하면서 구성되어 갔지만 식민지 대중의 동의를 얻는 데는 실패한 담론이었다는 점이다.

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일간지를 통해 본 주거환경문제의 연구 ( II ) - 분뇨에서 변소의 정착과정을 중심으로 - (A Study of Housing Environment Problems through the Daily newspapers ( II ) -Centering around a excretion and fixing process of lavatory-)

  • 신경주
    • 한국주거학회논문집
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    • 제3권2호
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    • pp.89-99
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    • 1992
  • We discussed the change of housing environmental problems from the early 1900s to the present in Study(I). This study(II) which secendly research of study(I) analyzed the fixing precess of a lavatory centering around a excretion which was a serious housing environmental problem in 1920 to 1940. The documentary research method was used for this study. Articles of content analysis(N=185) were published in 1920 to 1990 which were The Deng-A daily news article about a excretion and a lavatory. The main content of this study was examined the change, such as the number of whole article, the column number of article by time series. and the content of article by subject. 1. The number of whole article by time series was collected mainly in1920s-1930s. In 1940s-1960s, one-two column of article was appeared generally and three-four, five column of article was appeared in 1970-1980. 2. Contents of article was divided into two classes, excretion and lavatory. Contents of excretion was 1) a use of fertilizer 2) the method of transportation 3) a cost of gathering 4) a place of disposal 5) the problem of cleaning. Contents of lavatory was 1) a public lavatory 2) a flush toilet 3) a sanitary conditions 3. 1) A use of fertilizer was concentrated in 1920s-1930s, and problems of it was solved more or less by change of management method. Transportation of excretion developed such as \ulcornerGue\ulcorner->a coach of tank style->underground transportation->a dung car of absorption style. Disposal place of excretion was a cause of dissatisfaction in 1920s and it is serious problem Today. A duty of excretion gathering was transfered to a private worker in 1978. The accunulation problem of excretion was continued until 1940s-1950s. The management law of waste matters was proclaimed in 1986. 2) A public lavatory was planned in 1924 for the first time, and it is insufficient in these days, A settlement of public lavatory in building which has upward of 20pyung became obligation in 1973. The problem of water contamination which by poor septic tank was happened in 1970s-1980s.

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일간지를 통해 본 주거환경문제의 연구 ( I ) - 동아일보 (1920년~1990년) 기사 유형의 변천 - (A Study of Housing Environment Problems through the Daily newspapers ( I ) - The Change of a type of the Dong-A daily papers (1920~1990) -)

  • 신경주
    • 한국주거학회논문집
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.41-53
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    • 1991
  • This study discussed the change of housing environmental problems from the early 1900s to the present.The reason is to find the solution of serious housing environment problems. The documentary research method was used for this study.Articles of content analysis(N= 1129)were published in 1920(the first edition)to December. 31, 1990 which were The Dong - A daily news article about housing environment. The main content of this study was examined the change, such as the number of whole article by time series and importance of article(column number of article), classification of article subject, and the number of article by subject. On the basis of this data, was made by chronological classification of the change of housing environment problems for 70 years. Since overall results will become supply of right information about housing environment to fur peoples, will provide the oppronment that oneself ran participate the protection of housing environment, and further will take a part solution of housing environment problems.At the future, I am going to design deep analysis of article content by subject.

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르 꼬르뷔제의 주거건축 발전과정에 대한 연구 - 1920년대 주택작품을 중심으로 - (A Study on the Process of the Development of Le Corbusier's Villas - Focused on the Comparison between the Villas in 1920s -)

  • 도현학
    • 건축역사연구
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.133-152
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    • 2010
  • Through the 20th century architectural theory of rational thinking and the principles according to the statement of the firm, Le Corbusier's early works by analyzing the language of architecture, including his architectural concepts and helps the understanding of modern architecture. Masters of modern architecture as a place among the works of Le Corbusier in the 1920s, 'Le Corbusier's White Period' homes to target by age, and that his initial concept of the formation process of clarifying, further the construction of his golden age will be the key to understand. I selected housings from Maison Citrohan to villa Savoye, the category of architectural elements by considering the development process, he examines developments of the concept of modern architectural space. In analysis process, First of all, I am focused on between each element in the development process to review and explicate the integration process. The advent of the machine which he lived, because of its incredible potential reorganization of human society, as well as to celebrate the start of a new lifestyle. His architectural language of the times in the machinism could achieve progress and modern art, which is a new interpretation of the natural world.

한국 다방문화의 변천에 관한 연구 (A Study of the History of Korea DA-BANG Culture)

  • 김석수
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제13호
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    • pp.37-44
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    • 1997
  • The aim of this study is to find out the changes that have happened to korea DA-BANG(tea-room). This survey was carried out from 1876 to 1997 and the subject of this study is korea DA-BANGS in Seoul. Following conclusions were obtained from this study. 1) DA-BANG came into being from Koryo ages and more DA-BANGS from 1920's. 2) DA-BANG has changed in the following order : GAEWHA DA-BAHG(that were used to meet, communicate and negotiate foreigners when out country was opening ports), MUNWHA DA-BANG(that were used cultural space for example, exhibitio, display etc.), SEANGWHAL DA-BANG(the place that used a part of living space ; meeting friends to make appointment, etc.), SANGUB DA-BANG(commercial tea-room ; the place that makes money.) 3) Considering early MUNWHA DA-BANG, we can regard the beginning of korea interior architecture as 1920's. 4) The decline of DA-BANG is due to the increase of vending machine, expensive tea, costly rent, employee's dear wages and customer's needs that pursues westernization and convenient life as well as the moodof more comfortable tea-room(for example, fresh air, agreeable mood etc.).

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1920년대 소비에트 구성주의 패션에 관한 연구 (A Study on Soviet Constructive Fashion in 1920s)

  • 조윤경;금기숙
    • 복식
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    • 제36권
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    • pp.183-203
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    • 1998
  • The wave of Avant-garde swept away all in the unique social background so called 'October Revolution' and the early 1900 Russian society which was able to absorb and accept anything. The Russian avant-garde has been affected by the Cubism and the Futurism those had peculiarly appeared in the early twentieth century, spreaded out to three spheres: the Suprematism, the Rayonism and the Constructivism. The Russian Constructivism has appeared in this background, concretely and ideally ex-pressed the ideology of the revolution into the artistic form and made an huge influence to the whole Russian society. The Constructivist like Tatlin, naum Gabo, Pevaner, Rodchenko, Stepanova, Popova and Exter gave great effect on the Soviet Constructive fashion design in 1920's after the Revolution. The Soviet costume in 1920s hold in common the characteristicss of the Constructive graphic as it is, geometrical and abstractive form, energetic and motility. In fashion design, these graphic qualities have been showed as the application of geometrical form and architectural image, physical distortion and transformation. And in textile design, the simple, dynamical presentation has been appeared. We can classify the Soviet costume at this time into three occasions. The first term is from late 1910 th mid 1920, and it is altered from folk costume design to modern one. With Lamanova as the first on the list, using the folk mitif, the Constructive expression of simple form has been gradually revealed in design. Designers like Makarova, Pribylskaia and Mukhina produced the plane, simple chemise style with the decoration of the Russian traditional motif. From early to late 1920 is the second term, and it is at the pick of the most active processing of the Constructive design. Not only at the costume in daily life but also at the theatrical costume and textile, the con-structive design has been represented all avail-able fields. Many Constructivists including Stepanova, Popova, Exter and Rodchenko took part in the textile design and costume design so as to evlvo their aesthetic concept. The third term is from late 1920 to early 1930. The socialistic realism has dominated over the whole culture and art, the revolutionary dynamic motif has been presented also in textile design. The formative features of Soviet Constructive fashion design are; silhouette, from, motif, color and fabric. The first, the silhouette : a straight rectangular silhouetted has been expressed through the whole period and a volumed one with distorted human body shape has introduced in the theatrical costume design. The second, the form: many lengthened rectangular forms have been made at beginnings, but to the middle period, geometrical, architectural forms have been more showed and there are energy and movement in design. At the last period, only a partial feature-division has been seen. The third, the motif; no pattern or ethnic motif has been partly used at beginnings, a figure like circle, tri-angle has gradually appeared in textile design. At latter period, a real-existent motif like an airplane has been represented with graphing and simplicity. The fourth, the color ; because of insufficient dyeing, neutral color like black or grey color has been mainly covered, but after middle term, a primary color or pastel tone has been seen, contrast of the fabric; without much development of textile industry after the Revolution, thick and durable fabrics have been the main stream, but as time had going to the last period, fabrics such as linen, cotton, velvet and silk have been varously choesn. At the theatrical costume, new materials like plastics and metals that were able to accentuate the form. The pursuit of popularity, simplicity and functionalism that the basic concept of Constructive fashion is one of the "beauty" which has been searching in modern fashion. And now we can appreciate how innovative and epochal this Soviet Constructive fashion movement was.ement was.

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1920-30년대 프랑스 모더니즘 정원과 큐비즘 (A Study on the French Modernist Garden of the 1920-30s and Cubisum)

  • 이상민;조정송
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제27권5호
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    • pp.150-160
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    • 2000
  • The french modernist garden of the 1920-30s, significant when studying the history of gardens, has been disregarded in landscape architecture studies. This study aims to review and examine the main characteristics of the French modernist garden in relation to Cubism. In addition this study seeks to recover an unnoticed phase from landscape architecture history and lies in a same thread with studies on the theory of Modernism in landscape architecture. The french modernist garden is closely connected with Cubism, as Cubist garden is a popular synonym for the French modernist garden. used simplified and geometrical forms like Cubist painters. In spacial composition, the French modernist garden offered images of various views in one space, much like the Cubist paintings which showed various aspects of an object simultaneously on the canvas. In the French modernist garden, gorgeous colors and various textures were emphasized, much like the synthetic Cubism. Moreover, in the history of landscape architecture, the state of the French modernist garden which tried to change the traditional gardens into a space more suited to the new life style, is similar to that of Cubism as an art movement in the history of art of the early 20th century.

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1910~20년대 시인의 전통 한시 국역 양상과 의미 연구 - 최남선, 김소월, 김억, 이광수를 중심으로 - (A Study on Korean Language Translation of Chinese Traditional Hansi in the 1910s and 1920s)

  • 정소연
    • 고전문학과교육
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    • 제34호
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    • pp.149-191
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    • 2017
  • 본고는 20세기 전반기에 하나의 문학사적 현상으로 나타난 시인들의 한시 국역 현상에 주목하고, 이 중에서도 1910년대에 최남선의 한시 국역 7수, 1920년대에 김소월의 6수, 김억의 6수, 이광수의 3수에 주목하고 그 문학사적 의미를 탐색한 것이다. 그 국역의 구체적 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 20세기에 한시 국역을 처음 한 1910년대의 최남선은 이백, 두보 등의 유명 당시(唐詩) 및 근체시, 특히 7언시를 국역하였다. 원시(原詩)는 노래의 성향을 적지 않게 띠고 있으나 최남선은 음보율에 더 나아가 음수율에 가까운 형식을 추구하고 행말이 명사나 부사어로 끝나게 국역한다거나 문장으로 기록된 문체로 바꾸는 등 읽고 보는 시(詩)를 지향하였다. 또한 원시보다 행수가 같거나 더 짧게 국역해서 축약함으로써 군더더기나 부연을 줄이고 독자가 시어들 간의 해석에 적극 개입하고 해석하는 여지가 마련한 점도 기록문학의 특성을 지향한 것으로 보인다. 둘째, 1920년대에 첫 한시 국역을 한 김소월도 이백, 두보 등 유명 당시(唐詩)를 대상으로 하였고, 노래의 성향을 적지 않게 띤 중국 한시를 대상으로 삼았다. 그러나 최남선과 반대로 원시보다 더 행수나 정보량이 길어지게 국역하여 부연이나 첨가의 내용이 추가되게 하였고, 단연체 시를 다연체 시로 국역하였다. 특히 감탄구나 의성어, 동어 반복 등으로 일상 구어에 가까운 구술성을 강화하고, 보편성을 높이는 방향으로 화자 등의 시어를 바꾼 점은 노래로서의 성격을 지향하는 국역 방식을 보여준다. 셋째, 1920년대의 김억도 이백, 두보 등 유명 당시(唐詩) 및 절구를 대상으로 국역했다는 점에서 앞의 시인들과 같으나 고려 정지상의 <송인>이 한 편 들어갈 뿐만 아니라 이 작품을 합쇼체의 경어체로 국역했다는 점에서 차이를 보인다. 김소월처럼 단연체의 한시를 다연체로 국역하였고, 또 특정 율격을 추구하지 않고 내용을 최대한 자연스럽게 전달하는 일대일 대응이 되는 국역을 한 점이 이후 김억의 700여 수에 가까운 한시 국역과 다른 이 시대의 특징이다. 넷째, 1920년대의 이광수도 당대(唐代) 시인인 두보의 한시를 국역하면서 다연체로 바꾼 점이 다른 1920년대 시인들과 같다. 이 외에도 대화체 및 현장감을 높이는 방식으로의 국역은 다른 1920년대 시인들과 같이 기록문학으로서의 시보다는 구술성을 추구한 특성이라 할 수 있다. 이 네 시인은 전통시대에 국어시가보다 위상이 높았던 중국의 옛 한시를 도리어 국어시가화하되, 1910년대의 최남선은 국문전용시대의 우리 근대시가 나아갈 방향이 기록성과 문자성을 추구하는 것이라 여겼다면 1920년대의 김소월, 김억, 이광수는 다수가 공감하며 보편성을 높일 수 있는 일상 구어 기반의 노래[歌]로서의 존재를 함께 추구하는 것이어야 한다는 시의식을 보여준다. 이는 당시 시인들이 생각한 근대 한국시의 지향점으로서 기록문학성만 추구한 것이 아니라 구술문학으로서의 특성도 포함한 시가(詩歌)를 근대시로서 인식한 것이기도 할 뿐만 아니라 한자로 되지 않았으나 근대 국어로 된 시에도 한시가 지속되고 있다는 시가사적 지속성도 잘 보여주는 것이다. 나아가 비록 22수에 불과하지만 1930년대나 40년대에 더 활발하게 이루어질 뿐만 아니라 다른 특성을 보이게 되는 전통 한시 국역 양상의 문학사적 흐름을 살펴보는 기반으로서의 의의도 가진다.

『동서의학요의(東西醫學要義)』 간행으로 본 1920년대 한의학 정체성 변화에 관한 고찰 (A Study on the Identity Formation of Korean Medicine in the 1920s: Focusing on the publication of Dongseo uihak youi)

  • 김현구;안상우;김남일
    • 한국의사학회지
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    • 제36권2호
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    • pp.49-59
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    • 2023
  • This paper describes the transformation of the knowledge system of Korean medicine in the early 20th-century colonial context of the 1920s in terms of 'identity formation'. At the time, newly introduced Western medicine was the dominant form of medical knowledge due to strong support from the colonial government but had did not enjoy popular support from the general public especially when compared to Korean medicine. Furthermore, the Japanese colonial government needed to utilize Korean medicine practitioners' labor due to a serious shortage of Western medicine doctors. In this context, Dongseo uihak youi (Essentials of Eastern and Western Medicines) provides an overview of the role of Korean medicine practitioners in the colonial healthcare system of the time. The book contains a figure of a 'modern' Korean medicine practitioner working within a healthcare system influenced by colonial modernity. The association of Korean medicine doctors at that time not only published Dongseo uihak youi but also attempted to establish a school specializing in both Eastern and Western medicines or integrated Korean medicine, which would produce "the Chosŏn doctors" (Chosŏn ŭisa) on a par with doctors trained in Western medicine. Although their attempts did not materialized, they provide a clue as to how and in what direction Korean medicine pursued its identity in the 1920s.

근대화시기 주거공간을 통해 본 아동관과 아동공간의 고찰 - 1920년대~1960년대까지 - (Attitudes toward Children and Spaces for Children During Korea's Modernization Period as Explored through Housing Cultures and Floor Plans : From the 1920s to the 1960s.)

  • 은난순
    • 가정과삶의질연구
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    • 제23권5호
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    • pp.63-77
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to examine the changes and the characteristics of the attitudes toward children and spaces provided for them. by analyzing people's daily lives in housing spaces and architects' floor plans between the 1920s and the 1960s. Different kinds of data were obtained from a variety of early literature, research reports, newspaper articles, historical documents, and magazines from the period. Findings of this study are as follows: 1. Before modernization in Korea, children had been regarded as immature persons. Confucian ideas of children viewed them as 'small adults' or 'immature adults.' Thus spaces for children's daily lives were neither differentiated from those of the adults' nor deemed important. However, since the Western invasions and colonization by Japan, a remarkable change in the attitudes toward children took place. Children began to be considered a hope for the future as well as members of modem families. In addition, the introduction of the new word, 'eorini (children),' by Mr. Bang Jeonghwan, brought about a significant change in social consciousness of children. 2. The appearance of 'adongshil (children's room)' on architects' floor plans, which was a result of the social critique against androcentrism during the l930s and 1940s, was highly meaningful. The new floor plans not only emphasized rationalization of the space but also upgraded the children's status in the family. 3. Since the liberation (1945), children's space was differentiated from parental spare by the introduction of private rooms and shared spaces. The privacy of each generation was expressed by the division, and the generations were considered equal in this space distribution. In conclusion, the appearance of children's rooms required conflict-laden changes of social ideals and of the family system. It also was a symbol of modernization.