• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.25-34
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to investigate Korean distribution enterprises' entry into the Chinese market. By studying Korean companies' strategy and current situation in the Chinese retail market and analyzing Lotte Mart's strategy, this study was aimed at identifying comprehensive strategies for Korean companies striving to expand in China's retail market. Research design, data, and methodology - A case study approach is used, focusing on the three northeastern provinces in China, and examining global firms' entry into the Chinese market. The study employed a direct survey and a literature review. Results - Korean distribution firms' entry into the overseas market is in the inception stage and it should be developed, considering its effects on the national economy and other industries. Conclusion - The cases of E-mart and Lotte Mart, representing Korean distribution firms, showed that they should not rely on scale to succeed in China. Both preliminary analysis and careful strategies are required to ensure success. Considering the high growth potential of the Chinese market, a management strategy that takes account of Chinese people's emotions was needed.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.20-32
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• 2022

Purpose - This paper intends to make theoretical analysis and empirical test on the factors influencing China's export to South Korea, and draw conclusions about China's export efficiency and trade potential. Based on the conclusions, the reasons for China's trade deficit with South Korea are found, and a solution is put forward for solving the problem of China's trade deficit with South Korea. Design/methodology - Based on the data of 2004-2017 years in China, this paper uses the stochastic frontier gravity model to analyze the influencing factors of China's export to South Korea, as well as the export efficiency of each province and the export potential that can be explored. Findings - First, in terms of the factors affecting China's export trade to South Korea, the GDP of the provinces and cities in China, the FDI of South Korea to the provinces and cities in China, the GDP of South Korea, the population and education level of provinces and cities in China can significantly promote the export scale of Chinese provinces and cities to South Korea. The distance between Chinese provincial capitals and the South Korean capital significantly hinders Chinese exports to South Korea; Second, in terms of export trade efficiency, the trade exchange rate of the economically developed cities along the eastern coast of China and several provinces that are close to South Korea is higher than that of the cities in the central and western regions; Third, economic globalization makes trade more convenient, the average export trade efficiency of China's exports to South Korea showed an upward trend. However, under the influence of the 2008 global financial crisis, the export trade efficiency declined from 2008 to 2009, indicating that the impact of the financial crisis on the trade efficiency cannot be ignored. Originality/value - This paper finds out the influencing factors of China's export to South Korea, analyzes the export efficiency of different provinces and cities, excavates the export potential, and puts forward some suggestions for the balanced development of China and South Korea trade in the next step.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.215-233
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to compare traditional productivity and environmental productivity of Chinese 28 provinces for 1997-2005. The Eastern, the Central and the Western regions show higher M productivity indices than ML productivity indices before 2000 year, but two productivity indices of three regions report almost similar levels after 2000 year. The M productivity indices were higher than the ML productivity indices in the most provinces for 1997-2005. It implies that the Chinese regional economies have difficulties in the production activity reducing pollutants and increasing desirable outputs simultaneously. In the future, the Chinese 28 provinces need to change the direction of economic growth in the way that pursuits economic growth restraining pollution emission quantities thoroughly and should improve the concrete investment for clean technology of pollutant treatment, reinforcement of environmental regulation, and effectiveness of enforcement law.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to measure the efficiency of social security expenditure in 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China and proposes corresponding improvement plans. Research design, data, and methodology - The data were obtained from the statistical yearbook of each province. The BCC and CCR models of DEA model and Malmquist index are used to analyze the efficiency, and the input-output index is expanded. Result - The results show that the social security performance of the Chinese government has improved on the whole despite the unbalanced development in different regions. Each region should look for strategies to improve the efficiency of social security according to its own problems. The study suggests that provinces affected by TCI should improve their internal environment, such as raising social security fund structure and strengthening fund supervision, to improve efficiency. Areas affected by TECI need to be more responsive to policy, socio-economic and technological development. Conclusion - The research conclusion can provide reference for Chinese provinces to improve the efficiency of social security expenditure in the future. This study is not comprehensive enough in the selection of input-output indicators, which can be further expanded in the future.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 1996

The purpose of this research are to analyze the Chinese-Korean dwelling spatial structure and distribution of its area as a part of research for Chinese-Korean dwelling and village in China. The study area for this research was chosen three Chinese provinces located in north east part of China where the population of Chinese-Korean dwelling spatical structures and distribution of their area were found using this research.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.39-57
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing exports of agricultural products(HS01~HS24) from China to Korea by estimating the gravity model with panel data from 31 provinces in China. The results of the empirical analysis from the panel Tobit model are as follows: The effects of GDP and GDP per capita on agricultural exports are reversed, but their impacts are different on exports of each product, notably HS03, HS07 and HS20. As expected, distance decreases Chinese agricultural exports, and the impact of the relative exchange rate variable is also statistically significant, although it differs from product to product. However, differences in latitude, which considers the heterogeneity of climate and agricultural production conditions between Korea and each Chinese region, does not seem to affect agricultural exports to Korea. The road length, which affects the logistical conditions of each province in China, is not statistically significant either. On the other hand, increases in the number of Chinese visitors to Korea raises the amount of Chinese agricultural exports, including exports of HS03 and HS20. The results also shows that after the Korea-China FTA agreements, agricultural exports have actually decreased, especially exports of non-processed agricultural products, such as HS07.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.11-21
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the status quo of production efficiency in private industrial enterprises above designated scale in China's 31 provinces (including municipalities directly under the central government, autonomous regions) (hereinafter referred to as China's 31 provinces). Research design, data and methodology: Find out the factors affecting the development of production efficiency in private industrial enterprises, using DEA, Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist index analysis, build the evaluation model of production efficiency in private industrial enterprises, and analyze the data of China's 31 provinces private industrial enterprises in 2015-2019. Results: The research results show that the production efficiency of private industrial enterprises in China is improving on the whole. Although the total factor productivity has decreased slightly, the overall efficiency and pure technical efficiency have increased significantly. Conclusions: The conclusion of this study can provide reference for Chinese private industrial enterprises to improve production efficiency and make development plan. The limitation of this paper lies in the fact that the private industrial enterprises in inefficient provinces have not been given specific improvement plans.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.121-131
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• 2023

The Chinese three northeastern three provinces - Heilongjiang, Liaoning, and Jilin - hold significant geographical, geopolitical, and commercial importance due to their location allowing for cross-border trade and transportation with North Korea. These provinces are crucial for establishing a complex Eurasian logistics network in line with South Korea's new northern policy. The Chinese three northeastern three provinces, as this region is known, boasts excellent maritime transportation links between South Korea, China, and North Korea, making it an logistics hub for transporting goods to Eurasia and Europe through multimodal transport. This study highlights the importance of securing a logistics hub area by fostering cooperation and friendly relations with China's three northeastern three provinces, which are crucial to the success of the New Northern Policy. In particular, the study aims to analyze current status of trade with these region and freight volume transported by ships and recommend political advice for securing logistics hub and revitalizing maritime transport. As the policy suggestion, this study is to establish a logistics hub by implementing joint port operations, constructing port infrastructure jointly, and operating shipping companies together. Additionally, we propose ways to revitalize the maritime passenger transport business between Korea and China, which involves expanding cultural exchanges and developing content.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.531-538
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• 2020

Objective: Evidence from previous reports indicates that pig domestication in East Asia mainly occurred in the Mekong region and the middle and downstream regions of the Yangtze River. Further research identified two new origin centers for domestic pigs in the Tibetan Plateau and the islands of Southeast Asia. However, due to the small sample size of Tibetan pigs, details of the origin and spread of Tibetan pigs has not yet been established. Methods: We analyzed mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop) variation in 1,201 individuals from nine Tibetan pig populations across five provinces. Comprehensive Tibetan pig samples were taken to perform the most detailed analysis of Tibetan pigs to date. Results: The result indicate that Rkaze pigs had the lowest level of diversity, while Changdu pigs had the highest diversity. Interestingly, these two populations were both in the Tibetan Plateau area. If we calculate diversity in terms of each province, the Tibetan Plateau area had the lowest diversity, while the Chinese province of Gansu had the highest diversity. Diversity gradient analysis of major haplotypes suggested three domestication centers of Tibetan pigs in the Tibetan Plateau and the Chinese provinces of Gansu and Yunnan. Conclusion: We found two new domestication centers for Tibetan pigs. One is in the Chinese province of Gansu, which lies in the upstream region of the Yellow River, and the other is in the Chinese province of Yunnan.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.66-86
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• 2020

With the rapid growth of high-tech, the development of cultural and creative industries has gradually become the focus of national industrial development. With the proposal of China's "Belt and Road" strategy, the role of cultural and creative industries in the provinces and cities along the "Belt and Road" in the entire international trade is becoming increasingly critical. It is necessary to explore solutions to improve the competitiveness of China's cultural and creative industries, factoring the surrounding cities of the "Belt and Road" as an example. Thus, this paper proposes the six-element diamond model based on innovation capability and government support to render a comprehensive evaluation of the competitiveness of the cultural and creative industries in the 31 provinces and cities across the country. The results show that the overall competitiveness of the 18 provinces and cities along the "Belt and Road" cultural and creative industries is weak. Focusing on the 18 provinces and cities along the "Belt and Road", using the linear regression measurement model quantitative analysis, the four types of influencing factors affecting the development of the competitiveness of cultural and creative industries along the "Belt and Road" were obtained. Finally, according to the four types of influence, the competitiveness improvement plan is proposed from the four aspects: government role, consumption preference, industrial innovation ability, and the introduction of high-quality talent.