• 산업기술연구
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• 제17권
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• pp.241-247
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• 1997

A numerical model has been proposed for a diffusion flame reactor to manufacture ultrafine $TiO_2$ powders. The model equations such as mass balance equation, the 0th, 1st, and 2nd moment equations of aerosols were considered. The phenomena such as $TiCl_4$ reaction rate, $TiO_2$ nucleation rate and the coagulation of $TiO_2$ powders were included in the aerosol dynamic equation. It is found that the $TiO_2$ particle concentration becomes higher, as the inlet $TiCl_4$ concentration and the total gas flow rate increase, and also as the flame temperature decreases. The $TiO_2$ particle size increases, as the flame temperature and the inlet $TiCl_4$ concentration increase and the total gas flow rate decreases.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.227-248
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• 2012

우리나라 기술무역수지는 OECD 회원국 20개국 중 19위에 불과하다고 한다. 기술무역시장의 규모가 지속적으로 증가함에 따라 거래수단 중에 하나인 지식재산권의 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 기술수출 1억달러는 상품수출 16억 달러의 효과가 있으며, 기술수출은 비용이 소요되지 않는 고부가가치원이다. 무역수지의 개선을 위해 상품수출을 고도화함과 동시에 통상마찰 및 중국의 추격으로 어려움에 봉착하고 있는 상품무역 주도의 무역수지 개선에서 벗어나 다양한 수입원의 창출을 위해 로열티 수입 등 기술수출을 통한 수지개선이 필요하다. 우리나라의 기술무역수지 현황을 파악 분석하여 효율적인 기술무역수지 적자개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.716-728
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• 1998

To investigate the effect of dietary Ca levels on metabolic changes of Ca and skeleton in postmenopausal women, 10-month-old ovariectomized female rats were compared with 2 month old rats. The rats were fed either 0.2% or 1.2% Ca diets for 16 weeks. Food intake and weight gain as higher in rats fed high Ca diets and in ovariectomized rats. Apparent Ca absorption as higher, and Ca balance was lower in the low Ca groups. Vertebrae density was higher in old rats or those fed a high Ca diets. The old rats and ovariectomized rats showed decreased bone formation, increased bone resorption and kidney function deterioration resulting in increased urinary Ca excretion. Contradictory to the above observation, old rats and ovariectomized rats still showed higher bone mass and bone ash content. Therefore aging was not fully onging in 10-month-old rats. Bone weights, mineral contents, and mineral/wt ratio were lower in ovariectomized rats. Dietary Ca level did not affect urinary Ca excretion, urinary protein excretion, GFR, serum alkaline phosphatase, or urinary hydroxyporline excretion. This means that dietary Ca level did not influence kidney function or bone turnover. However Ca content and the ash content of femur, 4th vertebra, and scapula were increased in high Ca groups. Therefore, it is considered that decreased bone formation and accelerated bone resorption may account for the increased osteoporotic risk in women in menopause after middle age. However, Ca metabolism can be improved and bone components can be maintained if Ca is supplemented.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

Background : Integrative cancer treatment is a holistic approach embracing body, mind, and spirit incorporating conventional treatments of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation and personalized complementary treatments. Wheel Balance Therapy (WBT) of East-West Cancer Center(EWCC), Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University was developed to balance out all factors involved in cancer care based on the traditional theories of oriental medicine. Objective : This work aims to analytically review literatures on WBT and its related components. Methods : Literatures published from January 1st, 1990 to April 30th, 2011 were reviewed focusing on 4 main components of WBT; herbal medicine, immune activation, anti-cancer diet, and breathing/meditation. Data were retrieved from medical search engines and electronic data bases including Pubmed, Research Information sharing Service (RISS), Korean-studies Information Service System (KISS), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Korea's National Digital Library (KNDL). Results : In this review, EWCC's most commonly prescribed formulas are explored. The composition of the formulas, their use in clinical settings as well as the background studies and other therapeutic efficacies are explained. Information on incorporating anti-cancer dietary support and breathing and meditation techniques, other therapies practiced as part of the center's integrative cancer care are also covered. Conclusion : WBT based on holistic theories of oriental medicine embracing body, mind, and spirit is expected to further contribute in promotion of cancer patients' quality of life and prolonged survival time.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 아토피 피부염 동물 모델에 대한 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004의 면역조절 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 가려움증의 횟수와 유출된 evans blue, 그리고 혈청 IgE와 histamine의 농도는 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004를 섭취한 그룹에서 아토피 피부염 유발그룹에 비해 유의적으로 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 아토피 피부염이 유발되면 전사 수준에서 Th2 및 Th17 세포의 전사인자 및 cytokine은 과발현되며, ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004를 섭취하였을 때 이를 유의적으로 감소되었다. 또한 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004는 Th1 및 Treg 세포의 전사인자(T-bet, GATA-3, $ROR{\gamma}T$, Foxp3) 및 cytokine (INF-${\gamma}$, IL-4, IL-17, TGF-${\beta}$)의 발현을 증가시킴으로써 면역 균형을 조절하는 것으로 나타났다. Galectin-9과 filaggrin은 아토피피부염 유발 처리군에서 유의적으로 가장 낮았으며, ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan 처리군에서 유의적으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 이와 반대로 TSLP는 아토피 피부염 유발그룹에서 유의적으로 가장 높았으며 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004를 섭취한 그룹은 대조군과 유사한 수준이었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004는 아토피 피부염 동물 모델에서 면역조절 작용 및 아토피 피부염의 개선 효과를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan과 L. plantarum LM1004는 아토피 피부염에 유용한 천연소재로서 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.5-21
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physical fitness status and health promoting life styles of the workers. For the purpose, 108 workers who attended the exercise program in Inchon branch of KISCO were selected as the subjects. From Oct. 20th to Nov. 30th, in 1998, they were firstly assessed their physical fitness. The items include cardio-respiratory endurance, flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, agility, power, balance, body composition, etc. Secondly, the health promoting life styles were asked by questionnaires about daily life and dietary habits. Both of them were evaluated by 5 or 3 levels as A(very good) to E(very poor) or A (good) to C(poor). Those data were analyzed percentile, mean, standard deviation by SAS program. Major findings are as follows ; 1. The health promoting life styles were generally good, but 43.5% of the subjects didn't exercise at all. Most of them(93.5%) thought about their physical fitness status as lower than average level. About half of them(48.1%) didn't drink alcohol, non smokers were 70.4% of them. But they had poor dietary habits(lower than average level : 79.6%), females were a little bit better than males. The aged group had the poor body compositions, 21.4% of females and 10.0% of males were obese. 2. Physical fitness status of the workers were assessed as two areas, one is health related, the other is physical function related area. In the health related area, females were better than males, in view of age, forties aged group had the highest scores of all items except cardio-respiratory endurance. Among 'A' and 'B' level, muscular endurance was showed most frequently, followed by muscular strength, flexibility, cardiorespiratory endurance. In physical function related status, balance was ranked highly in the portion of over 'B', followed by power, agility. In view of sex, males were better than females for all items except balance, and there were various figures in the status by age groups. 3. Comprehensive assessment scores were poor(under 'D' leves were most frequent), females were better than males, and teenage group had the worst scores. In ages of the physical fitness, generally they had 1 year under their real ages, and females were better than males. In view of age, forties aged group was ranked highly and teenagers had lowest scores.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.429-438
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• 2018

Objective: Although the efficacy of Rubus coreanus (RC) byproducts as a feed additive has been recognized, its effects on intestinal microorganisms and the immune system are still unknown. Methods: Six-week-old male rats were treated with 0.5% RC (T1), 1.0% RC (T2), and 1.5% RC (T3) for 4 weeks. Results: We found that treatment with RC byproducts significantly increased the daily gain of body weight and feed intake. Treg-cell differentiation was enhanced in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen from the rats fed with RC byproducts. Illumina sequencing showed that bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes decreased and while those in the phylum Bacteroidetes increased in RC-treated groups. Particularly, the pathogenic microorganisms in the family Peptococcaceae decreased, and the non-pathogenic families Lachnospiraceae and S24-7 increased. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the RC byproducts increased the lactic acid bacteria Bifidobacterium spp., Oscillospira spp., Leuconostoc citreum, and Weissella cibaria in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: RC byproducts may be effective in immunomodulation by affecting intestinal microorganisms.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2024

Background: As social distancing persists and interest in work-life balance grows, more companies are adopting flexible work policies. While there have been studies on sleep disorders associated with different types of work, such as shift work, research exploring the relationship between flexible work schedules and sleep disorders is still limited, particularly among Korean workers. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey, focusing on 31,243 paid workers out of a total of 50,538 participants. We defined flexible workers as those who set their own working hours. Sleep disorders were divided into three categories: 'difficulty falling asleep,' 'frequent waking during sleep,' and 'waking up feeling exhausted and fatigued.' Using scores derived from three specific symptoms, the Minimal Insomnia Symptoms Scale (MISS) was calculated to assess the prevalence of insomnia. We used chi-square tests to analyze demographic and job-related differences. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify any relationship between flexible work schedules and sleep disorders. Results: Significant differences were found between flexible and non-flexible workers regarding age, income level, education level, and job type. Flexible workers reported sleep-related symptoms significantly more often. The odds ratio for insomnia was 1.40 (95% CI 1.21-1.61). For males, the odds ratio was 1.68 (1.36-2.08). Conclusion: This study establishes a correlation between flexible work schedules and sleep disorders among Korean salaried workers. Potential causes could include changes in circadian rhythm, increased work demands, and extended working hours. To precisely determine causality and associated diseases, further research is required.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.557-568
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• 2012

산림사면에서 수문학적 과정을 이해하는데, 증발산 중 토양증발을 구분하여 규명하고 정량화하는 것은 도전적이지만 중요한 연구 주제이다. 본 연구에서는 2009년 5월 22일부터 31일까지 총 10일 동안에 습윤한 산림사면에서 세 지점에서 깊이별 토양수분을 집중 측정하고, 분석하여 토양증발과 관련 기작에 대해 연구하였다. 토양증발을 평가하는 방법은 토양수분자료의 물질수지($E_{SM}$), Penman식(1948) 그리고 수정된 Penman식(Staple (1974), Konukcu (2007), 평형증발($E_{equili}$))이다. $E_{SM}$을 계산하기 위해서는 지표면의 에너지 균형식을 이용하여 토양내의 증발깊이(DSL, dry surface layer)를 평가하였다. 그 결과, 각 지점(A, B, C)의 2시간별 10일 동안의 누적 증발량($E_{SM}$)은 약 2.09, 1.80 그리고 2.88mm으로 평가되었다. Penman식(1948), Staple (1974), Konukcu (2007), 평형증발($E_{equili}$)의 누적 증발값은 각각 4.91, 8.80, 8.63 그리고 3.28mm으로 $E_{SM}$보다 높은 값들을 보여주고 있다. 산림 내 토양증발은 직접적인 복사량과 바람의 영향보다는 낙엽층과 DSL으로 인해 토양 내의온도상승과 대기와의 상호작용을 통해서 일어난다. 이는 $E_{SM}$는 복사량의 변화보다 2~4시간 정도의 시간적 지체(time lag)가 보이기 때문이다. DSL과 지표저항($r_s$)은 토양수분이 감소함에 따라 선형적으로 증가하였다. 관측된 장력 및 토양수분의 수직적 분포를 분석함으로써 확보되는 DSL 값은 에너지 방정식에 의해서 추정된 값과 유사하게 나타났다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2022

본 연구 결과, 식품군별 대표식품과 1인 1회 분량이 설정되었으며 생애주기별, 성별 1일 에너지필요추정량에 따른 식품군별 섭취횟수를 계산하여 제시한 권장식사패턴 및 이를 활용한 권장식사구성안 12종이 제시되었다. 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 유지·당류 섭취량의 감소를 위한 인지를 높이기 위해 1인 1회분량과 식품구성자전거에 유지·당류 식품군을 포함하였다. 자료 분석과 일반인 및 전문가 대상 설문조사를 실시하여 2020 KDRIs 기반 생애주기별 영양문제 범주화 및 대국민 메시지에 기반한 사용자 맞춤형 웹기반 영양 콘텐츠 개발 및 홍보를 위한 근거를 마련하였다. 이를 근거로 일반국민과 청소년 대상 카드뉴스 2종, 새로운 2020 식품구성자전거와 권장식사패턴을 홍보하기 위한 카드뉴스 2종과 5개 언어 (한국어, 영어, 일본어, 베트남어, 중국어) 포스터가 제작되었다. 또한 영양교육주제의 우선순위 선정 후 단계별 교육프로그램 설계 후 교육목표에 따른 교수학습안과 교수자료, 평가도구 등이 개발되었다. 이와 같은 자료는 모두 보건복지부와 한국영양학회 누리집을 통해 배포되었으니 다양한 분야에서 다각적인 측면에서 활용되기를 기대한다.