• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2022

Background: Epidemiological observations such as mental retardation, physical deformities, etc., in children besides different types of cancer in the adult population of the Malwa region have been reported. The present study is designed to get insight into the role of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) in causing detrimental health effects observed in the general population of this region. Materials and Methods: Deep soil samples were collected from different locations in the Malwa region. Their activity concentrations were determined using low-level background gammaray spectrometry. High efficiency and high purity germanium detector capped in a lead-shielded chamber having a resolution of 1.8 keV at 1,173 keV and 2.0 keV at the 1,332 keV line of ⁶⁰Co was used in the present work. Data were evaluated with Genie-2000 software. Results and Discussion: Mean activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K in deep soil were found to be 101.3 Bq/kg, 65.8 Bq/kg, and 688.6 Bq/kg, respectively. The mean activity concentration of ²³⁸U was found to be three and half times higher than the global average prescribed by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). It was further observed that the activity concentration of ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K has a magnitude that is nearly one and half times higher than the global average prescribed by UNSCEAR. In addition, the radioisotope ¹³⁷Cs which is likely to have its origin in radiation fallout was also observed. It is postulated that the NORM present in high quantity in deep soil somehow get mobilized into the water aquifers used by the general population and thereby causing harmful health problems. Conclusion: It can be stated that the present work has been able to demonstrate the use of low background gamma-ray spectrometry to understand the role of NORM in causing health-related effects in a general population of the Malwa region of Punjab, India.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.170-203
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• 2018

호남지역은 일제강점기부터 현재까지 한일 고고 고대사학 연구자 사이에서 항상 큰 관심을 받았던 지역이다. 근래 이 지역에서 왜계 고고자료 발견 사례가 양적 질적으로 급증하고 있기 때문에 선행 연구와 견해를 재검토할 필요가 커지고 있다. 전방후원형 고분은 기존에 13기로 알려졌지만 최근 발견 사례가 17기까지 증가했다. 한 곳에서 3기가 조영된 사실도 새롭게 밝혀졌으며, 또 일본의 고분시대(古墳時代)를 특징짓는 형상식윤(形象埴輪)이 처음으로 발견됐다. 호남지역 출토 왜계 고고자료에 대한 선행연구는 특정 자료나 특정 유적 유구에 한정된 사례가 많았다. 본고에서는 호남의 모든 왜계 고고자료를 대상으로 수량 고고자료의 종류 출토 위치를 파악한 후 그 변천을 추적하였다. 시기별 특징이나 변화상 등을 바탕으로 왜와 마한세력의 관계 의도 동향을 문헌 자료 등과 관련시켜 검토하였다. 호남지역 출토 왜계 고고자료는 5세기 전엽부터 증가 및 광범위한 분포를 보여주며 7세기 초까지 이어졌다. 4세기 말~5세기 전엽에는 왜계 무구와 왜계 매장주체부, 5세기 중엽~후엽에는 수혜기(須惠器)(계(系)), 5세기 말~6세기 전엽에는 전방후원형 고분과 왜계 횡혈식석실, 6세기 중엽~7세기 초에는 왜계 무구 석침이 중심을 이루어 시기마다 양상이 변화했음을 알 수 있었다. 4세기 말~5세기 전엽의 왜계 고고자료에 대해서는 이 시기에 집중된 백제와 왜의 왕래 기사를 근거로 외교 사절단을 수행했을 무인계층과의 관련성을 상정했다. 5세기 중엽~후엽에는 수혜기(須惠器)(계(系)) 토기가 호남 내륙부로 확산되었다. 물자의 집적에 유리한 지점에서 주로 출토되는 경향이 엿보인다. 전방후원형 고분의 피장자를 북구주(北九州) 제세력에 속한 왜인을 중심으로 한 교역자 집단으로 해석했다. 전방후원형 고분은 대체로 기본적으로 기존 수장묘가 조영되지 않던 지역에서 특별한 세력 기반 없이 돌연 출현했다. 그러나 재지인의 협조 없이 전방후원형 고분을 축조하기란 불가능했을 것이다. 이는 일본 현지와 호남지역 전방후원형 고분의 구축 기술 차이를 보아도 알 수 있다. 한편 일부 전방후원형 고분은 재지 수장묘와 동시기 아니면 직후에 조영되었다는 점에서 재지 집단과의 밀접한 관련성을 추정할 수 있다. 5세기 초 금관가야가 몰락하자 왜 제국(諸國)은 새로운 교섭 상대로 호남지역을 선택하였다. 그 배경에는 왜에서 구하기 어려운 (지하)자원이나 물자를 확보해야 할 절실한 필요가 있었을 것이다. 약 200년에 걸쳐서 사용되고 매장된 호남지역의 왜계 고고자료는 왜인의 다양한 교섭 노력과 관련된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2010

알루미늄과 수산화알루미늄을 제조하는 (주)KC에서 사용하는 보오크사이트는 '자연기원방사성물질(NORM)'에, 가공 중 발생하는 폐기물 또는 부산물인 red mud는 '인위적으로 농축된 자연기원방사성물질(TENORM)'에 해당된다. 이 연구는 NORM의 대량사용시설인 (주)KC 공장 내부 및 주변 지역의 지질특성, 토양에 대한 광물학적 및 지화학적 분석을 수행하여 향후 작업장과 그 주변 지역의 방사능 피복량을 측정하고 방호하기 위한 과학적인 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. (주)KC 공장 내부 및 인근지역 토양의 광물조성은 석영, 장석, 운모, 고령토, 깁사이트, 세피올라이트 등 모암으로부터 유래된 광물조성과 적철석, 보에마이트, 방해석 등 원광석인 보오크사이트로부터 유래된 광물조성으로 혼화되어 있다. 이 지역 토양의 평균 U 함량은 4.7 ppm, Th 함량은 23.6 ppm으로서 Th 함량이 다소 높게 나타난다. 토양의 $^{40}K$의 농도는 100~1,433 Bq/kg, $^{226}Ra$의 농도는 8.4~179 Bq/kg이고 $^{232}Th$의 농도는 13.5~300 Bq/kg으로서 높은 농도는 보이지 않으나 상대적으로 높은 $^{226}Ra$ 농도는 red mud 적재장 주변에서 확인된다. 토양시료의 외부 위해지수 범위는 0.10~1.66이며 평균 0.63으로서 전체적으로 는 위해 기준치로 제시되는 1.0 이하이지만 41개 지점 중 4개 지점이 1.0 이상을 나타난다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.228-232
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• 1999

단감과 떫은감을 이용하여 알콜발효 및 초산발효의 2단계 발효에 의하여 감식초 제조과정 중 성분변화를 조사하였다. 발효됨에 따라 총산 함량은 점차 증가하여 초산 발효 8일째에 단감과 떫은감에서 각각 5.95, 5.81%이었다. 색상은 알콜발효 및 초산발효 중 L값과 b값은 떫은감에서, a값은 단감에서 각각 높게 나타났다. 갈색도는 알콜 발효기간이 지남에 따라 점차 증가하였으나 초산발효에서는 갈색도 및 탁도가 점차적으로 감소하여 갈색도는 단감에서, 탁도는 떫은감에서 각각 높게 나타났다. 총탄닌 함량은 초기에 단감 및 떫은감에서 각각 2.40과 6.44mg/ml이었으나 발효기간이 지남에 따라 점차 감소하여 초산발효 8일 후에는 각각 1.06 및 3.82mg/ml이었다. 환원당과 총당은 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 점차 감소하여 초산발효 5일째에 단감에서 각각 5.0 및 8.5mg/ml이었고, 떫은감에서 각각 2.8 및 2.9mg/ml이였으며 그 이후에는 큰 변화가 없었다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2002

This study was conducted to identify the relationship between the perceived family support and mental health of middle school students and provide basic data to develop a nursing program for prevention of mental disease and mental health promotion in adolescent. The subjects for this study were 427 students in their first, second and third year of two middle school in K city. The data were collected from December 12th to 19th, 2001. The instruments used for this study were the family support scale by Kang and the mental health assessment scale was the Symptom Check List-90-R. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, ANOVA, and Duncan test with SPSS program. The results were as follows: The mean score of the perceived family support was 42.26 and the mean score of mental health was 52.24. As a subarea of mental health was analyses, the scores of obsessive-compulsive reaction and hostility were respectively higher but the scores of phobia were lower than others. Family support was significantly different according to student's grade, religion and economic status, and educational level, the relationship between them, and living in parents. the characteristic influence on the level of mental health were sex, grade, and economic status of students and the relationship between them of parents. There was a significant correlation between the perceived family support and the level of mental health was revealed a significant correlation(r=-.35(P=0.001)). In conclusion, this study was found that family support was an important factor for promoting mental health of middle school students. In order to increase mental health of middle school students effectively, family support must be increased. Efforts to promote mental health of students are required in home and school. School authorities have to search a plans like "family support-class program" as one countermeasure to increase family support. teachers have to make educational programs to promote mental health constantly with participating parents.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1128-1137
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect working environment related musculoskeletal subjective symptoms among dental hygienists. Methods : The subjects in this study were 232 dental hygienists working at dental clinics and general hospitals in Daegu. The data has collected through the self-questionnaire survey from July 9th 2012 to July 31th. Results : 1. Musculoskeletal subjective symptoms were 85.3% in shoulder(right), 81.9% in neck, 74.6% in shoulder(left), 65.5% in wrist(right), 56.5% in lower leg(right). 2. Pain frequency of musculoskeletal subjective symptoms were the highest 24.7% in neck. Seeing the severity pain was the highest 9.0% in foot(left). The investigation of work interference related to substantially pain showed the highest 18.5% in wrist(right). 3. Musculoskeletal subjective symptoms correlated with general characteristics such as age, marital status, regular exercise and medical check-up(p<.05). 4. Musculoskeletal subjective symptoms correlated with working environments such as working career, the night treatment, the average daily number of patients handled, the average daily standing work hours, the regular rest, the major job in work place and physical burden(p<.05). Conclusions : The education or program on wrong working habits and bad postures of dental hygienists is needed to prevent musculoskeletal disorder.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.88-102
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• 1989

This survey was conducted in order to find out the degree of health service activities of Public Health Nurses & variables relevant to their activities. The subjects of this survey were 232 PHN in Health Centers, Inchon & Kyung Gi area. Data were collected by mean of questionairs from 30th, September to 30th, October, 1986. For the analysis, ANOVA was used. The results were as follows; 1. General characteristics of PHN: o An approximately four fifth of the subjects (82.3%) was between 20-39 years. o The average career length of the subjects as PHN was 4 years. o Their educational level was almost Nursing School (22.4%) Junior College of Nursing (53.4%). o The marital status of the subjects was already married (75.4%). 3. The degree of health service activities of PHN; o The total mean of health service activities was 2.147 (S.D: 1.477, range 11-5). o Among the 11 Health Service Categories; Health service planning (2.828) is the highest mean scored category. The lowest mean scored category was the other health services. o Among the specific activity items about the 11 health service categories, the highest scored activities were 'personal counselling & education' in well-baby care (2.504), family planning (2.530), Tb control (2.134), disease control (2.371), 'health history taking & health examination', in prenatal care, 'clinic care', in administrative service, 'record & report', in the other categories. o Almost categories (10), 'Home visiting' was the lowest scored activity. 3. The relevance for the health service activities by several variables were as follows; o The relevance for the health service activities by general characteristics of PHN was not shown significance at age, educational level, marital status, relegion status. o And at work place, & work department was shown high significance.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.226-232
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• 2001

The pharmacotherapy of depression has reduced morbidity and improved outcome for many depressive patients. A wide range of classical and new antidepressants are available for their treatment. However, 30-40% of all patients do not respond sufficiently to the initial treatment and present adverse effects. Pharmacogenetics studies the genetic basis of an individual's ability to respond to pharmacotherapy. Recently, some reports on serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and their influence on the response to antidepressive therapy provide an interesting diagnostic tool in assessing the chances of response to antidepressants. We also investigated the relationship between serotonin transprter polymorphisms(5-HTTLPR) and the long-term effect of the antidepressant treatment. 128 depressive patients were enrolled into 2nd year study. The therapeutic response of each subset was not different at 8th, 16th week, but the subset with homozygote(l/l) of long variant showed a better therapeutic response to antidepressant than the heterozygote(l/s) of long and short variant, which showed a better therapeutic response than the subset with homozygote (s/s) of short variant at 1st year and 2nd year after the antidepressant treatment. This result shows that the serotonin transporter polymorphisms may be related to the long-term effect of antidepressant treatment. The potential for pharmacogenomics, the use of genetic information to guide pharmacotherapy and improve outcome by providing individualized treatment decisions, has gained increasing attention. pharmacogenomics will contribute to individualize drug choice by using genotype to predict positive clinical outcomes, adverse reactions, and levels of drug metabolism. Personalized medicine, the use of marker-assisted diagnosis and targeted therapies derived from an individual molecular profile, will impact the antidepressant therapy and this approach will replace the traditional trial-and-error practice of medicine.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare the written tests of the science lessons at elementary schools with the instructional objectives of the teachers' guide for the first term of the 5th grade by using Klopfer's taxonomic system. In the analysis of the instructional objectives in the teachers' guide, A.0(40.0%) and $B.0{\sim}E.0$(42.4%) showed high level but the proportion of processes of F.0(5.6%), G.0(4.0%), H.0(4.0%), and I.0(4.0%) showed low level, while in the written tests A.0 was 54.8%, $B.0{\sim}E.0$ was 36.1%, F.0 was 7.3%, and G.0 was 1.8% but H.0 and 1.0 was not taken at all. In the comparison with the instructional objectives in the teachers' guide about the domain of the knowledge and the comprehension showed hish and the processes of the scientific inquiry showed relatively low. The results of this study suggested that a desirable written test should be made to consider elementary science curriculum and instructional objectives and hold up rates of each behavior category between the instructional objectives of teachers guide and assessment objectives of written tests.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2023

In retrospect, the irony of this story began with the first meeting of these co-authors-in of all places, Coimbatore, India, in 2008, at the 12th International Perforator Flap Course. Here the junior author [hereafter "jp"] demonstrated his unparalleled skills in networking, and soon thereafter journeyed some 11,073 km to Allentown, U.S. to peruse the operating room and clinics of the senior author [sic. ggh] in action. Within 2 years jp orchestrated the presentation of the 14th International Perforator Flap Course, so ggh with great anticipation flew only 6,830 miles to reach Seoul, Korea for his first time. But four years more elapsed before ggh returned again to Korea to be a visiting professor, all the while not quite sure why any Korean would want anything from a country doctor who resided in nowheresville Allentown, Pennsylvania. Yet, an extraordinary fact then was to be unveiled, about which ggh was totally ignorant. The pioneer of plastic surgery in Korea, the first Korean to have completed an accredited plastic surgery fellowship, by coincidence had accomplished all this in . . . . . Allentown. The collegial relationship that evolved between these co-authors, who met by chance, indeed had a precedent coincidence! Was this "by chance" alone or predestination? Amazingly, in a way similar, the origin of plastic surgery itself in Korea also had Allentown connections. As a tribute to Lew Jae-duk, this important story must be here told, so let us now retrace his past in Allentown so we can find how the future was to be not so far away.