• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for falls in tertiary hospital inpatients and to suggest data for developing a nursing intervention program for preventing falls. Methods: Data were collected between January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017. Kaplan-Meier estimation was used to measure the survival rate, and the log-rank test was used for the differences between the fall group and the non-fall group. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to identify the risk factors for falls. Results: The incidence rate of falls for the inpatients was 1.2 cases per 1,000 days of hospitalization. The risk factors for falls were more likely to be found among those who were aged ${\geq}81$, had not undergone surgery, had poor joint motion, had unsteady gait, needed help or supervision, used assistive devices, had comorbidity, and took at least two drugs. Conclusion: For the inpatients, the risk factors for falls included age, surgery, comorbidity, medication that could change mobility, joint motion, and use of patient care equipment. It is necessary to give special attention to inpatients who have any of these risk factors and to develop a falls risk assessment tool.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2024

Background: Nitrous oxide has been an integral part of surgical anesthesia for many years in the developed world and is still used in developing countries such as India. The other main concerns in low-resource countries are the lack of an advanced anesthesia gas-scavenging system and modular surgical theatres. As a greenhouse gas that has been present in the atmosphere for more than 100 years and damages the ozone layer, nitrous oxide is three times worse than sevoflurane. Here, we conducted an observational study to quantify the annual nitrous oxide consumption and its environmental impact in terms of carbon dioxide equivalence in one of busiest tertiary health care and research centers in Northern India. Methods: Data related to nitrous oxide expenditure' from the operation theatre and manifold complex of our tertiary care hospital and research center from 2018 to 2021 were collected monthly and analyzed. The outcomes were extracted from our observational study, which was approved by our institutional ethics board (INT/IEC/2017/1372 Dated 25.11.2017) and registered prospectively under the Central Registry (CTRI/2018/07/014745 Dated 05.07.2018). Results: The annual nitrous oxide consumption in our tertiary care hospital was 22,081.00, 22,904.00, 17,456.00, and 18,392.00 m³ (cubic meters) in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. This indicates that the environmental impact of nitrous oxide (in terms of CO₂ equivalents) from our hospital in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021 was 13,016.64, 13,287.82, 10,289.94, and 10,841.24 tons, respectively. Conclusion: This huge amount of nitrous oxide splurge is no longer a matter of laughter, and serious efforts should be made at every central and peripheral health center level to reduce it.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate how advanced practice nurses (APNs) recognized their work by analyzing nursing outcomes. The ultimate goal was to examine the utility of APNs by connecting their work to the outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the data from 59 APNs in a tertiary hospital lovated in Seoul, Korea. The questionnaire with 84 outcome indicators for advanced practice nurses was used. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 84 outcome indicators, 11 indicators were associated with the work of APNs. Majority of these findings were included in the categories of clinical results and satisfaction. Items identified to be associated with the work of APNs were different among oncology nursing area, surgical speciality area, emergency care area, and critical care area. Conclusion: The results of the study indicated that the works of APNs were relevant to education/counseling/training and interpersonal relationship with other health professionals. The results of the study could be helpful to delineate the work characteristics of APNs and increase the utility of APNs in Korea where roles of APNs are not yet clearly delineated in most clinical settings.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2006

Purpose: The number of patients transported by the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) has increased recently. In our review of the Korean HEMS, there was no established helicopter utilization criteria or triage tool on the scene, so many patients with minor injuries were transported to tertiary care centers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the percentage of patients with minor injuries and to propose a more appropriate triage tool for predicting the need for transport to a tertiary care center. Methods: The subjects of this study were 59 trauma patients transported to Asan Medical Center (AMC) from the scene by Seoul HEMS from January 2004 to December 2005. The Triage score (TS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and modified Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (mCTAS) were calculated as severity scales. Patients with minor injuries were defined as those with TS=9, ISS${\leq}15$, and mCTAS${\geq}3$. We evaluated the association of TS, ISS, and mCTAS with the appropriateness of transport. Results: Many of the patients transported to tertiary medical centers were classified as having a minor injury: TS=9 group 35 cases (72.9%), ISS${\leq}15$ group 30 cases (62.5%) and mCTAS${\geq}3$ group 27 cases (56.2%). However, 56.2% (27/59) of the patients were appropriately transported according to need for admission or an operation. The more severely injured patients classified by TS, ISS, and mCTAS were more appropriately transported to a tertiary center (p<0.05). Conclusion: Many patients with minor injuries were transported to a tertiary center from the scene directly. The TS can be easily calculated by an emergency medical technician at the scene. Thus, we propose the TS as a useful triage tool for determining the necessity of transport to a tertiary center by helicopter.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.617-637
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• 2011

본 연구는 충청북도의 사례를 통해서 온라인 협진의 지리적 특성과 환자의 온라인 협진에 대한 결정 요인에 대해서 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 2009년 7월부터 9월까지 심층 인터뷰에 기반한 정성적 기법을 이용하였고, 충청북도에 거주하는 환자 20명을 대상으로 하였다. 이 연구에 의하면 대부분의 환자는 1차적으로 의료 문제가 해결되지 않을 경우, 온라인 협진의 본래 취지와 달리 충청북도 내에서 그것을 해결하는 것이 아니라, 경기 의료권에 위치한 의료 기관으로 방문하는 경향을 보였다. 이와 더불어, 환자의 의무 기록 또한 온라인 시스템을 통해 이들 병원에 전달되어, 온라인 협진의 공간상 네트워크는 경기 의료권으로 집중하게 된다. 이러한 주요 원인은 의료 서비스에 대한 질 혹은 수준에 대한 고려, 개인적인 이해 관계와 신뢰성, 좋은 접근성 등에 기인하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이에 반해, 온라인 협진 시스템의 편리성, 유효성 등과 같은 온라인 협진의 기술적 가치나 온라인 협진의 본래적인 목적인 지역의료 향상과 같은 요인은 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 우리나라 원격진료의 결정 요인은 환자 개인에 의해서 결정이 되는 바가 크고, 아직 개개인의 인식이 지역 의료 시스템과 크게 밀착되지 않는 형태를 보이기 때문에 경기 의료권으로 원격진료의 선택이 집중된 공간 특성을 보이고 있다고 할 수 있다. 특히, 이는 기존의 의료 제도 및 환자의 행태가 온라인 상에서의 의료 활동에도 그대로 투영되기 때문인데, 가장 이상적인 원격진료의 지리적 담론인 지역화를 실현하기 위해서는 근본적인 지역의 의료 서비스 구조의 개선이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2018

목적: 본 연구는 국내 2차 병원의 암환자 치료 실태에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 국내 한 2차종합병원에서 2009년 1월 1일부터 2017년 9월 31일까지 입원치료 받은 암환자를 대상으로 전자의무기록을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 연구 대상자는 총 223명이었다. 2차 병원 입원 이유로는 3차 병원에서의 수술, 항암화학요법, 방사선치료 후의 지지요법 위한 경우가 69명으로 가장 많았고, 다음으로 기타 지지치료 위한 입원(58명), 증상 조절 위한 입원(53명), 2차 병원 입원 중 암이 진단된 경우(27명), 적극적 항암치료를 하지 않기로 한 후 전원 된 경우(16명) 순이었다. 퇴원 시 타 기관으로 전원 된 환자 75명 중 3차 병원으로 전원 된 환자들이 50명으로 가장 많았고 다음으로 요양병원(10명), 호스피스병원(8명), 요양원(4명), 2차 병원(2명) 순이었다. 암 외 동반질환을 가진 환자가 120명(53.8%)이었다. 타 진료과로 협의진료 의뢰된 경우 암 관련 의뢰보다 암 외 다른 질환으로 의뢰된 경우가 더 많았다. 심폐소생술금지에 동의한 경우는 73명이었다. 결론: 암환자 치료를 위해 의료기관 간 협력체계 확립이 필요하며, 암 외 동반질환 치료 등 종합적인 관리가 필요하다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2022

Purpose: With the increasing number of polytrauma patients treated at high-level trauma centers, plastic surgery has entered the specialty of traumatology. Plastic surgeons specialize in the simultaneous surgical care of patients with facial or hand trauma and soft tissue injuries requiring microsurgery. The purpose of this study was to introduce the role of plastic surgery in a high-level trauma center. Methods: Between January 2020 and December 2020, 5,712 patients with traumatic injuries were admitted to the emergency department of a tertiary hospital. Of these 5,712 patients, 1,578 patients were hospitalized for surgical treatment and/or critical care. Among the 1,578 hospitalized trauma patients, 551 patients (35%) required at least one plastic surgery procedure. The patient variables included age, sex, etiology, the injured area, and injury characteristics. We also retrospectively investigated surgical data such as the duration of the operation, hospital stay, length of time from injury to surgery, and collaboration with other departments. Results: The most common injury referred to plastic surgery was facial trauma (41%), followed by hand trauma (36%), and soft tissue injuries requiring microsurgery in various parts of the body other than the hand (7%). The majority of facial and hand traumas were concomitant injuries. Sixteen percent of patients underwent collaborative surgical management for polytrauma involving both plastic surgery and another department. Conclusions: The role of plastic surgery in multidisciplinary teams at high-level trauma centers has become increasingly important. The results of this study may help in the development of multidisciplinary trauma team strategies and future workforce planning.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.884-892
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• 1997

Currently, there are 100 community emergency centers which expect to provide professional emergency care like Level 1 trauma centers in U.S.A. To evaluate perforance of emergency centers, most studies have been widely adopted death rate based methods such as Trauma and Injury Severity Score(TRISS) and A Severity Characterization of Trauma(ASCOT). However, these methods are only applicable in situation where registration process of trauma patients is well established. Therefore, an alternative method should be applied to evaluate performance of emergency centers in Korea which does not have well-developed registration scheme. This study aims to develop new performance measures which are applicable to Korea and evaluate performance of 35 community emergency centers through new measures. The new measures are included that 'W-statistic' ; death rate calculated on the basis of International Classification based Injury Severity Score(ICISS), and 'the degree of severity' ; rate of severe trauma patients of each emergency medical centers. The study results can be summarized as follows. First, about 34% of sample emergency centers show they provide proper care in terms of their function. Second, tertiary hospitals, university hospitals, and hospitals located in Seoul show higher severity degree of patients and lower severity-adjusted death rate.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.156-163
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• 2023

Background: Interest in digital medical information has increased because it allows doctors to easily access a patient's medical records and provide appropriate medical care. Blockchain technology ensures data safety, reliability, integrity, and transparency by distributing medical data to all users over a peer-to-peer network. This study attempted to assess pediatricians' thoughts and attitudes toward introducing blockchain technology into the medical field. Methods: This study used a questionnaire survey to examine the thoughts and attitudes of 30- to 60-year-old pediatricians regarding the introduction of blockchain technology into the medical field. Responses to each item were recorded on a scale ranging from 1 (never agree) to 7 (completely agree). Results: The scores for the intentions and expectations of using blockchain technology were 4.0 to 4.6. Pediatricians from tertiary hospitals responded more positively (4.5-4.9) to the idea of using blockchain technology for hospital work relative to the general population (4.3-4.7). However, pediatricians working in primary and secondary hospitals had a slightly negative view of the application of blockchain technology to hospital work (p=0.018). Conclusion: When introducing the medical records of related pediatric and adolescent patients using blockchain technology in the future, it would be better to conduct a pilot project that prioritizes pediatricians in tertiary hospitals. The cost, policy, and market participants' perceptions are essential factors to consider when introducing technology in the medical field.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to review the empirical study results of conversion factors(unit prices) for relative values of health care services in the national health insurance system and establish optimal classification of health care institutions for feasible contract of conversion factors between National Health Insurance Corporation(NHIC) and provider groups, based on legal backgrounds and types of health care service delivery system. some empirical research evidences shows the validity of applying multiple conversion factors to annual contract for reimbursement in the national health insurance. Policy recommendations suggest that clinic, hospital, general hospital, tertiary hospital, dental clinic, oriental medical clinic, pharmacy, and public health centers would be a basic category of provider groups for a meaningful price contract between the NHIC and providers.