• Title/Summary/Keyword: Tertiary

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Nutrient removal from secondary effluent using filamentous algae in raceway ponds

  • Min, Kyung-Jin;Lee, Jongkeun;Cha, Ho-Young;Park, Ki Young
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.191-199
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    • 2019
  • In this study, we investigated the cultivation possibility using Hydrodictyon reticulatum in a continuous raceway pond as a tertiary sewage treatment plant. The cultivation possibility was evaluated by varying the light quantity, wavelength, and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Experimental results showed that the growth rates of algae and the removal efficiencies of nutrients increased as the light quantity increased, and the maximum photosynthetic rate was maintained at $100{\mu}mol/m^2{\cdot}s$ or higher. When wavelength was varied, nutrient removal efficiency and growth rate increased in the following order: green light, red light, white light, and blue light. The nutrient removal efficiencies and algae productivity in HRT 4 d were better than in HRT 8 d. We conclude that if Hydrodictyon reticulatum is cultivated in a raceway pond and used as a tertiary treatment facility in a sewage treatment plant, nutrients can be effectively removed, and production costs can be reduced.

Protective Effects of Acanthoic acid on Tertiary-Butyl Hydroperoxide or Carbon tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury

  • Park, Eun-Jeon;Nan, Ji-Xing;Zhao, Yu-Zhe;Lee, Sung-Hee;Kim, Young-Ho;Nam, Jeong-Bum;Lee, Jung-Joon;Sohn, Dong-Hwan
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.298.1-298.1
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    • 2003
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of acanthoic acid on liver injury induced by either tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (tBH) or carbon tetrachloride in vitro and in vivo. Acanthoic acid, (-)-pimara-9(11),15-diene-19-oic acid, is a diterpene isolated from the root bark of Acanthopanax koreanum. In in vitro study, the cellular leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with 1.5 mM tBH for 1 j, were significantly inhibited by treatment with acanthoic acid(25 and 5mg/mL). (omitted)

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중국의 인구 고령화에 따른 산업구조 전환과 3차 산업의 발전

  • Sin, Dong-Yun
    • 중국학논총
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    • no.71
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    • pp.195-216
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    • 2021
  • 自2000年以来, 中國的人口結构出現了加速變遷。人口老齡化程度快速加深, "人口紅利"逐漸消退成爲中國人口結构變動的顯著趨勢。目前, 中國已全面進入人口老化, 創新引領的産業結构优化兩類特征疊加的發展时期, 因此急需全面有效協調這兩類發展戰略。日益嚴重的人口老齡化改變了中國的人口結构, 使得之前有利于經濟增長的人口紅利迅速消失, 阻碍了經濟的快速增長和健康發展, 如何有效應對人口老齡化對經濟和社会的負面影響已經變得越来越急迫和重要。在上述背景下, 人口結构變遷会對産業結构産生何种影響?本文的硏究首先介紹了人口老齡化的背景, 進而又設明了本硏究的研究意義。探討人口老齡化對制造業結构影響的效果, 途徑和机制, 幷在此基础上提出优化中國制造業結构的政策建義。