• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.41-59
• /
• 2010

Objective: Headache is one of the most common symptoms in primary medical care. The purpose of this study was to support medical treatment by consideration of a new CTTH (chronic tension-type headache) oriental medical diagnosis index. Methods: An Oriental medical diagnosis questionnaire was administered to a CTTH group, migraine group and normal group. The result was classified by using LDA, CART, factor diagnosis and tested in comparison with the original diagnosis. Also, weighting method based on expert opinions was done. Results: 1. The result analyzed by using LDA has an accuracy of 93.9% in comparison with the original diagnosis. 2. High accuracy showed when the test was performed with about 35 significant questions and four questions selected based on SPSS Wilks' lambda. 3. There was accuracy of 90.9% when differentiation was performed by using CART compared with original diagnosis. 4. 10 factors has a high initial value after factor analysis, consisting of questions to the similar differentiation. 5. Diagnosis formula of headache was made by using weighting method based on expert opinions. Conclusion: Oriental medical diagnosis questionnaires make it possible to classify headaches significantly. The study about weighting method of CTTH can make it possible to classify symptoms more accurately.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of 29 case series is to report the possibility that a hand acupuncture is effective in relieving headache. Methods : After approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB), I analyzed 29 cases medical records of outpatients with headache, who visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ oriental medical hospital from December 2008 to December 2010, who have taken a hand acupuncture's treatment without other intervention, and who were diagnosed with one disease of international classification of headache disease second version (ICHD-2). The data was analyzed with Wilcoxon signed rank test to determine whether a hand acupuncture's treatment differed between before and after treatment's Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) according to types of headache and syndrome differentiation. Statistics program was used SPSS 18.0. Differences were considered significant at P<0.05. Results : The VAS of patients with headache was reduced after treatment of hand acupuncture from $6.57{\pm}2.04$ to $2.90{\pm}2.04$ for overall headache, from $6.32{\pm}2.05$ to $2.47{\pm}2.03$ for tension-type headache(P<0.001), from $7.10{\pm}2.18$ to $3.70{\pm}1.77$ for migraine(P<0.001), and from $6.00{\pm}1.41$ to $2.50{\pm}3.54$ for headache unspecified. A hand acupuncture produced a decrease in VAS of both ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang(P<0.001) and phlegm turbidity according to syndrome differentiation(P=0.002). No adverse event were encountered in any of the patients. Conclusions : It is suggested that a hand acupuncture may be effective in relieving headache, and could be applicable to first choice of acupuncture treatment for headache.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.643-661
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The Purpose of this study is to investigate clinical characteristics with 120 patients who have sufferred from headache and were treated. Methods : We classified 120 patients into several groups by International Headache Society(IHS) classification and evaluated the effects of oriental medical therapy on headache. Results : 1. According to the statistics, women patients were more than men. And 50s has highest number of headache patients. 2. In classification by IHS, tension type headache were highest. 3. 24.2% of patients had entered Department of Internal Medicine, Colleage of Oriental Medicine Dongeui Univ for treatment within six month of onset. 4. According to the statistics, headache of whole part has highest number of headache patients. 5. The most number of associated symptoms were nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia etc. 6. The most number of headache patient's past history were hypertension. 7. In classification by oriental medical differentiation of symptom and signs, the rate of blood deficiency were highest. 8. 64.2% of patients said they were satisfied with treatment, reporting half the frequency of headache or better from before treatment. Conclusions : In conclusion, the present results suggest that oriental medical therapy has effects on headache.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.201-212
• /
• 2017

This study draws pattern differentiations of headache disorders on the ground of modern clinical applications and Korean medical literature. Categorization and symptoms of headache disorders are based on International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition(beta version). And clinical papers are searched in China Academic Journals(CAJ) of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI). In the aspect of eight principle pattern identification, primary headache occurs due to lots of yang qi and has more inner pattern rather than exterior pattern, heat pattern rather than cold pattern, excess pattern rather than deficiency pattern. And primary headache is related with liver in the aspect of visceral pattern identification and blood stasis, wind and phlegm are relevant mechanisms. Migraine without aura is associated with ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, phlegm turbidity, sunken spleen qi, wind-heat, blood deficiency or yin deficiency. Migraine with aura is mainly related with wind and it's major mechanisms are ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang, liver fire, yin deficiency of liver and kidney, blood deficiency or liver depression and qi stagnation. High repetition rate of tension-type headache can be identified as heat pattern or excess pattern. And trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias can also be accepted as heat pattern or excess pattern when the occurrence frequency is high and is relevant to combined pattern with excess pattern of external contraction and deficiency pattern of internal damage based on facial symptoms by external contraction and nervous and anxious status by liver deficiency. This study can be expected to be Korean medical basis of clinical practice guidelines on headache by proposing pattern identifications corresponding to the western classifications of headache disorders.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.113-120
• /
• 2007

Although most cases of tension-type headache(TTH) are myogenic headache, in some cases, arthralgia appears, such as the disorder of the temporamandibular joint. This study is designed to compare the clinical patterns of arthralgia to those of myalgia, when both symptoms are co-existing. Among 167 patients who visit our clinic during a certain period, whose chief complaint was TTH, 18 patients were the arthralgia group, 50 patients were the myalgia group, and 99 patients who have both arthralgia and myalgia were the arthromyalgia group. Three groups were asked to answer the questionnaires about their age, gender, and oral parafunction such as bruxism or clenching. Then we gathered statistics on the data from the accomplished questionnaires. 1. There was statistical significance in age among the three groups(p=0.02). 2. There was no statistical significance in sex and oral parafunction among the three groups. 3. There was statistical significance the myalgia group was older than the arthromyalgia group(p<0.03). The results of the study show that as patients become older, TTH with myalgia happens more frequently than TTH with arthralgia and myalgia does.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.73-76
• /
• 2015

Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disease in children, and its symptoms are often nonspecific and confusing. Rarely, severe headache can be the first or only symptom of isolated sphenoid sinusitis. New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a form of chronic daily headache that may have features of both migraines and tension-type headaches. NDPH is difficult to diagnose and requires a multifaceted approach. Here, we report on a 10-year-old boy and an 11-year-old girl who both presented with typical NDPH symptoms. These patients had no nasal symptoms or signs of infection. Neither nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs nor topiramate had any effect on the headaches. Their neurological and ophthalmological examinations were normal. The results of routine blood work, including thyroid function tests, inflammatory markers, complete blood count, tests for viral infection, and a metabolic panel, were normal. A brain magnetic resonance imaging scan showed isolated sphenoid sinusitis. Both patients' symptoms resolved completely after approximately 1 month of oral antibiotics for sinusitis.

• Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.263-268
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Obesity and headache are two highly prevalent diseases both in childhood and adolescent. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of obesity in pediatric headaches patients in a single institution in Korea, and differences according to age, sex, headache type, frequency, intensity, and disability. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 340 subjects (6-18 years of age) who visited the Pediatric Headache Clinic of Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital during the period from January 2015 through March 2018. Data on age, sex, height and weight, as well as headache type, frequency, intensity and disability, were collected. Body Mass Index (BMI) percentile was calculated based on the 2017 Korean Children Adolescence Growth Chart. Results: 17.6% of the pediatric headache patients were obese. The prevalence of obesity in male patients was higher than females (Male 23.8% VS Female 11.6%, P=0.002). There were no significant differences in obesity rate according to age, headache type, frequency, intensity, and disability. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity in the pediatric headache population was 17.6% which is higher than 10.1% in general population (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, KNHANES, 2013).

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.97-109
• /
• 2011

Objectives: To investigate the correlation among cervical curvature, neck pain, and headache in patients with chronic neck pain. Methods: A clinical study was carried out in 48 chronic neck pain patients in the hospital of Gang-Dong Kyung-Hee University. The curvature of the cervical spine was measured by 3 types of measuring methods, Neck pain and headache were estimated using questionnaire and visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Curvature angles of the cervical spine had significant positive correlation with the neck pain and headache, and headache can be estimated by cervical curvature using linear regression. Conclusions: The results suggests that the cervical curvature of chronic neck pain patients has a positive correlation with the nock pain and headache, and cervical curvature will be a posible preditor of chronic tension-type headache in patients with chronic neck pain.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.61 no.11
• /
• pp.355-361
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Headache is a common symptom during childhood. It is usually persistent and requires special care. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of headache in children <7 years of age. Methods: We reviewed 3 years of clinical files on children <7 years of age with a chief complaint of headache. Results: This study included 146 children (66 males, 80 females; mean age, $5.5{\pm}1.0years$). Mean symptom duration was $5.8{\pm}7.9months$. Attack durations were longer than 2 hours in 31 patients, shorter than 2 hours in 70 patients, and unchecked in 45 patients. Attack frequency was $15.1{\pm}10.6$ times per month. Pain locations and characteristics were also variable. Mean pain severity score was $5.1{\pm}2.2$ on the visual analog scale. Of 38 patients who underwent electroencephalography, 9 showed positive findings. Of 41 who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging, 20 showed positive findings. The diagnoses were migraine (including probable migraine) in 34, tension-type headache in 5, and congenital malformations in 3. Medications were used in 29 patients: acetaminophen in 17, ibuprofen in 8, naproxen sodium in 1, and topiramate or amitriptyline in 3. Conclusion: In children aged <7 years, headache has a relatively benign course, but detailed history taking is needed for more accurate diagnosis.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2005

This study was designed to confirm the association between the pain of Tension-Type Headache(TTH) patients and their Oral Parafunction(OPF). Patients with TTH(n=58) visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital during two months were recruited to this study. 20 patients with OPF(bruxism, clenching, bruxism & clenching) are the experimental group and 38 patients without OPF are the control group. Both groups were asked to answer the questionnaire based on the diagnostic criteria of TTH(IHS). Then it was analyzed statistically. This study was designed to confirm the association between the pain of Tension-Type Headache(TTH) patients and their Oral Parafunction(OPF). Patients with TTH(n=58) visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital during two months were recruited to this study. 20 patients with OPF(bruxism, clenching, bruxism & clenching) are the experimental group and 38 patients without OPF are the control group. Both groups were asked to answer the questionnaire based on the diagnostic criteria of TTH(IHS). Then it was analyzed statistically. 1. There was no difference in sex(p=0.91) and age(p=0.73) between two groups. 2. In the experimental group, dull pain was presented more frequently than in the control group. But, there was no difference between two groups(p=0.69). 3. In the experimental group, severe pain was presented more frequently than in the control group. But, there was no difference between two groups(p=0.40). 4. In the experimental group, pain shown bilaterally was presented more frequently than in the control group. But, there was no difference between two groups(p=0.52). 5. In the experimental group, pain was more increased by physical activities than in the control group. But, there was no difference between both groups(p=0.74). The pain of TTH patients with OPF was presented to be non-dull pain frequently and more bilaterally and severely, also increased more by physical activities than the pain of TTH patients without OPF. But, there was no significant difference between two groups. Therefore, it is considered that the pain of TTH is not influenced by OPF.