• Wind and Structures
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.307-324
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• 2003

The paper presents results of studies concerning wind-induced aeolian vibration and fatigue of a 110 kV covered conductor overhead line. Self-damping measurement techniques are discussed: power method is found to be the most reliable technique. A method for compensating tension variations during the self-damping test is presented. Generally used empirical self-damping power models are enhanced and the different models are compared with each other. The Energy Balance Analysis (EBR) is used to calculate the aeolian vibration amplitudes, which thereafter are converted to bending stress for the calculation of conductor lifetime estimate. The results of EBA are compared with field measurements, Results indicate that adequate lifetime estimates are produced by EBA as well as field measurements. Generally the EBA gives more conservative lifetime expectancy. This is believed to result from the additional damping existing in true suspension structures not taken into account by EBA. Finally, the correctness of the line design is verified using Cigre's safe design tension approach.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2004

Detailed two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element (FE) analyses of double-edge cracked tension (DE(T)) specimens are carried out to investigate the effect of the relative crack length and the thickness on experimental J testing schemes. Finite element analyses involve systematic variations of relevant parameters, such as the relative crack depth and plate width-to-thickness ratio. Furthermore, the strain hardening index of material is systematically varied, including perfectly plastic (non-hardening) cases. Based on FE results, a robust experimental J estimation scheme is proposed.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.425-431
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• 2013

Estimation equations of shear modulus in the plane of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) were compared each other through uniaxial tension test results. The equations - basic elastic equation in the dimensional orthotropic case, Hankinson's formula and empirical equation proposed by Salikis and Falk, were applied to determine the elastic constants at various angles to the grain, which were needed for determination of shear modulus. Tensile elastic modulus of LVL predicted from these equations were compared with test data to evaluate the accuracy of the equation. Tensile elastic modulus rapidly decreased at orientations between 0 and 15 degrees and elastic modulus at grain angles of 15, 30, and 45 degrees overestimated in the presented equations. But the proposed equation by Salikis and Falk showed better prediction, especially at 30, and 45 degrees. This proposed formula would be more useful and practical for estimating of shear modulus of wood composites like LVL to minimize the effect of Poisson's ratio term.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.69-72
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• 2005

The crystal structure of magnesium is hexagonal close-packed (HCP), so its formability is poor at room temperature. But formability is improved in high temperature with increasing of the slip planes. Purpose of this paper is to know about the mechanical properties of magnesium alloy (AZ31B), before warm and hot forming process. The mechanical properties were defined by the tension and compression tests in various temperature and strain-rate. As the temperature is increased, yield${\cdot}$ultimate strength, K-value, work hardening exponent (n) and anisotropy factor (R) are decreased. But strain rate sensitivity (m) is increased. As strain-rate increased, yield${\cdot}$ultimate strength, K-value, and work hardening exponent (n) are increased. Also, microstructures of grains fine away at high strain-rate. These results will be used in simulations and manufacturing factor for warm and hot forming process.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.30 no.5 s.248
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• pp.533-542
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• 2006

In order to assess the integrity of pipes with local thinning area, the plastic strain as well as the elastic strain at the root of thinned region are required particularly when fluctuating load is applied to the pipe. For estimating elastic-plastic strain at local wall thinning area in a straight pipe under tensile load, an estimation model with idealized fully circumferential constant depth wall thinning area is proposed. Based on the compatibility and equilibrium equations a nonlinear estimation equation, from which local elastic-plastic strain can be determined as a function of pipe/defect geometry, material and the applied strain was derived. Estimation results are compared with those from detailed elastic-plastic finite element analysis, which shows good agreements. Noting that practical wall thinning in nuclear piping has not only a circular shape but also a finite circumferential length, the proposed solution for the ideal geometry is extended based on two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical analysis of pipes with circular wall thinning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.26-34
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• 2000

The considerations for remaining life of ACSR (Aluminum Stranded Conductors Steel Reinforced) in transmission lines have become gradually important to hold reliability and stability of power supply. The remaining life of ACSR exposed to the atmosphere for a long period may rely on deterioration caused by environmental indices such as atmospheric corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion and fatigue corrosion. One of reduction of useful life in overhead transmission lines built on the ridge of mountain is often caused by forest fires.This paper deals with investigation of strength deterioration performance of ASCR due to fires through several testing and analyzing data for tension load and extension of blazed ACSR. Test samples are ACSR 480[$\textrm{mm}^2$] conductors, which are artificially fired to regular durations. Mechanical properties such as tension load and extension for fired ACSR conductors are tested and estimation functions for mechanical performances corresponding to fire duration are determined. As a result, it can be verified that both tension load and extension of ACSR are reduced by increasing fire duration. Hence, it is obvious that ACSR due to forest fires may lead to mechanical deterioration.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.259-270
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• 2007

This paper presents an analytical method of evaluating the flexural behavior of RC (reinforced concrete) beams strengthened with high-strengh bars. The former experimental results were used to compare with the analytical results. The experimental results also outline the advantages of externally strengtheng method with high-strenght bars. To evaluate the flexural behavior of RC beams strenghtend with unbonded high-strength bars, this paper proposes a method involving a simple strength-summation method. This method basically assumes that the total strength of RC beams strengthened with high-strength bars is equal to the sum of the strengths of the RC beams and the high-strength bars. This analytical method also includes the effects of compressive force due to the tension from high-strength bars. A comparison of the analytical and experimental results leads to the conclusion that the simple strength-summation mothod can simulate the flexural behavior of RC beams strengthened with high-strength bars with a good level of accuracy.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.589-598
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• 2000

In this study, various unsaturated polyester (UPE) resins were prepared from the condensation polymerization of mixtures of saturated (isophthalic acid : IPA) and unsaturated (maleic anhydride : MA) dibasic acids with propylene glycol (PG), neopentyl glycol (NPG). The critical surface tension (Υ$_{c}$) for the surface characteristics of a solid were estimated by Zisman plot, and the structure-property relationship was investigated by measuring the rheology of resins. The values of Υ$_{c}$ for glass of solid were 30.5 mNㆍm$^{-1}$ for UPE resin liquids. As the content of NPG in a PG/NPG glycol mixture increased, both the contact angle and the surface tension of the UPE resin liquids were found to decrease. The dynamic viscoelasticities of UPE resins with different glycol molar ratios were also measured. Shear rate dependence of viscosity and angular frequency dependence of storage, and loss modulus tended to decrease with increasing NPG content.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.4A
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• pp.267-279
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• 2009

A numerical model that can simulate the nonlinear behavior of ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete (UHSFRC) structures subjected to monotonic loading is introduced. The material properties of UHSFRC, such as compressive and tensile strength or elastic modulus, are different from normal strength reinforced concrete. The uniaxial compressive stress-strain relationship of UHSFRC is designed on the basis of experimental result, and the equivalent uniaxial stress-strain relationship is introduced for proper estimation of UHSFRC structures. The steel is uniformly distributed over the concrete matrix with particular orientation angle. In advance, this paper introduces a numerical model that can simulate the tension-stiffening behavior of tension part of the axial member on the basis of the bond-slip relationship. The reaction of steel fiber is considered for the numerical model after cracks of the concrete matrix with steel fibers are formed. Finally, the introduced numerical model is validated by comparison with test results for idealized UHSFRC beams.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.13 no.6 s.58
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• pp.97-105
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• 2009

This study was conducted for the purpose of examinating the safety and economical efficiency of large high tension bolted joints. The specimen using F10T-M30 large high strength bolts has been selected and static tensile test has been conducted to evaluate the slip characteristics. In addition, finite element analysis has been carried out to estimate the number of required bolts. As a result, the average slip coefficient of M30 high strength bolts exceeded 0.4 - the standard in highway bridge design specification - and has satisfied the slip strength, which is the same as that of M22 high strength bolts. In addition, if F13T-M22 high strength bolts were applied, the number of required bolts decreased by 21%, and if F10T-M30 high strength bolts were applied, the number of required bolts decreased by 46%, that leads to the conclusion that the economical efficiency in accordance with diametering of high strength bolts was now verified.