• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제9권10호
• /
• pp.611-615
• /
• 1971

The articular discs from temporomandibular joints of thirty men and women whose ages ranged between 20 and 70 years hve been used in this study. The articular discs of the temporomandibular joints of human postmortem material was examined individually by means of microscopic techniques. The following changes were seen: 1. With advancing age some of fibroblast was developed into chondroid cells. Which later may differentiate into true chondrocytes. 2. In young individuals the elastic fibers found only I relatively small numbers. With advancing age elastic fibers was increased in number. 3. With advancing age the arrangement of fibrous tissue are irregular and loosely separated. 4. In the discs, as well as in the fibrous tissue covering the articular surfaces, this cellular changes seems to be dependent upon mechanical influences.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 1977

The author attempted to observed the histological changes of the temporomandibular joints of rabbits by including malocclusion. Thirth-two healthy male rabbits were devided into two groups; control and experimental group. Eight rabbits were kept as control group, while metal crowns were seated on unilateral lower molar teeth of twenty-four rabbits as experimental group. And the interocclusal distance of the incisal edge was kept 1.5mm from the begining to the end of the experimental periods. Rabbits of each group, one of control group and three of the experimental gorup, were killed at the intervals of one day, three days, one week, two weeks, four weeks, six weeks, eight weeks, and twelve weeks after experiment. The temporomandibular joint including condyle head, articular disc and glenoid fossa were excised and decalcified. The decalcified sections were made histologic sections. The results obtained were as follows. 1. The regressive changes of the condylar head were the main reaction in this experiment that consist of decreasing or increasing thickness of the fibrocartilage zone with hyaline degeneration, decreasing of the cellularity of the proliferative zone, and the irregularity of the arrangement of chondrocytes and size of the lacunae of cartilage cells with chondroclasia and osteoclasia in hypertrophic zone. 2. The regressive changes of the condylar surface of the crown seated side were persisted to the end of the experiment. 3. On the non-crown seated side, severe aggressive changes occurred in initial stage, but hyperplastic changes of the condylar surface noted in the middle of the experimental periods. 4. Although aggressive changes occurred in initial stage of experiment on the non-crown seated side, hyperplastic changes of the condylar surface were noted in the middle of the experimental periods, and remodeling appeared at the termination of the experimental periods. 5. The articular disc exhibited pannus formation on both crown seated and non crown seated side from the beginning of the experiment. The pannus persisted throughout the experiment on the crown seated side, but on the non-crown seated side it disappeared from six week group.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 1996

The author examined the clinical signs and symptoms , routine radiographs, laboratory test and bone scan in 73 subjects with TMJ disorders and studied the responses of clinical test on patients, the distribution of signs and symptoms of joints, the simple uptake rate(SUR) of affected joints , the SUR of subclassified groups of TMJ disorders, active joints of subclassified groups of TMJ disorders and the SUR of joints with noises. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The percentage of joint pain on palpation, joint noises joint pain on function, mandibular dysfunction and active finding of bone scan in aptients with TMJ disorders were higher 2. The SUR was higher in joints affected by joint pain on function, joint pain on palpation, mandibular dysfunction and creptius. 3. The SUR of osteoarthrosis was the lowest. 4. The percentage of active joints were the highest in joints with discdisplacement without reduction, and followed by osteoarthritis, and disc displacement with reduction. 5. The SUR of TMJ showing joint noises only was lower.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.21-27
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the types and frequency of the various incidental findings (IFs) on magnetic resonance images (MRI) taken from the patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms. Materials and Methods: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) MRI taken from 1,013 patients with TMD symptoms were evaluated retrospectively. IF was defined as imaging features that were accidentally or unexpectedly found, rather than degenerative bony changes of TMJ complex or disc derangement. They were classified into two groups as TMJ site-specific findings and unexpected findings at other regions. The frequency of the sub groups was analyzed. Result: A total of 26 (2.57%) cases with IFs were classified into 13 cases with TMJ site-specific findings and 13 cases with unexpected findings at other region. TMJ site-specific findings included synovial chondromatosis in 6 cases, synovial cyst in 6 cases and osteochondroma in one case. Unexpected findings included salivary gland tumor in 3 cases, developmental cyst in 3 cases, vascular malformation in 2 cases, mastoiditis in 4 cases and sialadenitis on parotid gland in one case. Conclusion: When diagnosing TMD through TMJ MRI, clinicians should carefully read the image, considering the possibility of IFs because TMJ MRI can provide pathologic information in TMJ region and other oral and maxillofacial region.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2011

공률이 낮은 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 이개측두신경을 전달마취하여 수조작할 경우 변위된 관절원판의 정복에 영향이 있는지 여부 및 그 결과에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 조사하는 것이다. 비정복성관절원판변위로 진단된 112명의 환자들에 대해 수조작정복술을 시도하였으며, 그 중 35명의 환자들에서 관절원판 변위가 해소되었다. 관절원판 재위치에 실패한 77명의 환자들 가운데 이개측두신경의 전달마취 시술에 동의하는 49명(평균 연령 $34.3\;{\pm}\; 15.1$, 남자 24명, 여자 25명)에 대해 마취시술 후 수조작 정복술을 다시 시행하였다. 연령, 발병후 경과시간, 술전 능동적개구량을 포함한 요인들과 국소마취 후 수조작 정복 성공률과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 수조작만으로 정복이 되지 않았던 49명 환자 중, 이개측두신경 전달마취 후 19명(38.8%)에서 성공적으로 정복이 되었다. 국소마취 전 49명의 최대 능동적 절치간 개구량은 $25.7\;{\pm}\;6.0$ mm로서 개구가 상당히 제한된 상태였으나, 국소마취 및 수조작 후 관절원판이 성공적으로 재위치된 19명의 개구량은 $46.1\;{\pm}\;4.5$ mm로서 정상범위로 회복되었다. 연령, 발병후 경과시간, 술전 능동적개구량 인자들과 국소마취 후 수조작 정복 성공률과는 유의한 관련성이 없었다. 결론적으로 이개측두신경 전달마취는 수조작정복술과 함께 시행할 경우 비정복성관절원판변위의 정복 성공률을 향상시 키므로, 비정복성관절원판변위의 일차적인 치료 단계에서 적극적으로 활용하는 것이 권장된다.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.511-517
• /
• 1995

목적 : 골 및 관절질환의 예민한 진단방법으로 이미 잘 알려진 골스캔의 측두하악관절장애의 진단 및 관절원판변위와 관절염의 감별진단에 있어서 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 임상적으로 진단이 가능한 측두하악관절원판 변위환자 21예(일측성 13, 양측성 8), 관절염 환자 26예(일측성 23예, 양측성 3예)와 측두하악장애의 병력과 증상이 없는 대조군 39예에서 골스캔을 시행하고, 10만 계수의 두경부의 측면영상에서 측두하악관절부위?l 섭최계수를 구하여 각 측두하악관절의 섭취율과 양측측두하악관절 섭취율의 차이를 구하여, 임상증상과의 일치정도를 확인하고, 환자군에서는 경두개 및 파노라마 방사선 촬영결과와 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 1) 측두하악관절의 단순섭취율은 정상대조군에서 $1.084{\pm}0.172$였고, 관절염으로 이환된 관절에서 $1.673{\pm}0.606$으로 가장 높았으며, 관절원판변위로 이환된 관절에서는 $1350{\pm}0.351$로 대조군에서 보다 증가되어 있었다. (p<0.01). [대조군의 평균치+2표준편차]인 1.428%이상 증가된 경우는 일측성으로 이환된 관절원판변위 환자에서 21.3%, 일측성관절염 환자에서 69.6%였다. 2) 양측 측두하악관절 단순섭취율의 차이는 대조군에서 $0.062{\pm}0.063$이었고, 일측성 관절염 환자에서 $0.608{\pm}$0.533으로 가장 높았으며, 관절원판변위 환자에서는 대조군과 차이가 없었다.(p<001). [대조군의 평균치+2표준편차]인 0.188이상 증가된 경우는 일측성 관절염환자의 87%, 일측성 관절원판변위 환자의 23%였다. 3) 방사선 촬영결과 골변화가 나타났던 관절과 골 변화가 없었던 관절사이의 섭취율 차이는 없었고, 방사선 촬영결과의 골변화와 골스캔상의 섭취율의 증가가 임상상과 일치한 경우는 일측성 관절원판변위 환자 13예 중 각각 0예와 3예, 일측성 관절염환자 23예 중 12예와 16예였다. 결론 : 측두하악관절의 장애가 유발된 경우 골스캔상 측두하악관절의 섭취가 증가되며, 이는 관절원판변위 환자보다 관절염 환자에서 더욱 현저히 관찰된다. 양측 측두하악관절 섭취율의 차이도 일측성 관절염환자에서 일측성 관절원판변위 환자보다 더욱 현저히 증가되어 보인다. 따라서 골스캔은 특히 일측성으로 이환된 측두하악관절장애의 진단 및 관절원판변위와 관절염의 구별에 도움을 줄 수 있는 유용하고 간편한 진단방법으로 생각된다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.503-527
• /
• 1993

This paper describes a new method to create an animal model for TMJ internal derangement in the New Zealand white rabbits and the light and electron microscopical changes of posterior attachment of them. Twenty six rabbits(2.5-3.0kg), four normal and twenty two experimental, were used. The right disc of experimental animal was displaced anteriorly without sectioning the posterior attachment and tied to the zygomatic arch with nylon not to be reduced to the original position. The left TMJ was sham-operated to be compared with its right experimental one. Normal animals were sacrificed one day and eight weeks after experiment. Experimental animals were sacrificed one day, ten days, three weeks, five weeks and eight weeks after surgery respectively. They were fixed intravenously with $2\%$ glutaldehyde under general anesthesia and the samples of them were processed for light and electron microscopic examination. The purpose of this experiment is to make a suitable animal model of disc displacement without reduction for studying and understanding the cellular and morphologic events in posterior attachment of TMJ including early changes which were difficult to be observed in human TMJs. The results of this investigation suggest the following conclusions : 1. Authors induced anterior disc displacement surgically in rabbits with new method to examine histologic changes of posterior attachment. Tissue reactions of this model seem to be similar to those observed in human disc displacement. We think this animal model for anterior disc displacement may be used to explore and evaluate objectively the effects of many treatment modalities in disc displacements. 2. The animal disease model showed inflammation at early stage(one and ten days). At this stage there were mild-to-severe mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration, numerous newly formed vessels, vessel dilatation and engormement and many fibroblasts. 3. At middle stage(three weeks), fibrosis occurred, where fibroblasts decreased in number, but their cytoplasm was profuse indicating high activity. Collagen fibers increased in number and the tissue looked more dense. 4. At late stage(five weeks and eight weeks) showed degenerative changes including perforation of posterior attachment, disintegration of collagen fiber bundles, degeneration of fibroblasts, metastatic ossification, and dystrophic calcification.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제37권
• /
• pp.17.1-17.5
• /
• 2015

Arthroscopy is useful to detect early changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Despite great advances in arthroscopy, many arthroscopic surgeries have now been replaced by arthrocentesis. We propose a simple diagnostic and therapeutic method having operative rigid ultra-thin arthroscopy with 16 gauge needle size combined with arthrocentesis.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.369-377
• /
• 1998

A patient with TMJ osteoarthritis and anterior open bite was treated with an intermaxillary traction device. Pretreatment examination revelaed a pain in both TMJ during mouth opening, moderate tendernesso f left sternocleidomastoid and right trapezius muscles. Anterior open Bite was aobserved with interincisal distance of 2mm. Tomograms and MRI showed anterior disc displacement withouit reductoin of both temporomandibular joints, and the condyles were flattened and slightly eroded. A pair of full-coverage occlusal appliances was made on both maxillary and mandibular dentition, with pivoting fulcrum on the site of the second moalr. Traction force was gained by the intermaxillary orthodontic elastics which were hooked by orthodontic brackets on the labial surfaces of the upper and lower anterior and premolar teeth. After 8 weeks of traction treatment, the joint pain was subsided completely and the anterior open bite was closed to get an edge to edge relationship of anterior teeth.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.143-153
• /
• 2006

Temporomandibular joint(TMJ) ankylosis is characterized by the formation of bony or fibrous mass, which replaces the normal articulation. Ankylotic block formation causes reduction of mandibular mobility, particularly hindering mouth opening, due to a mechanical block of the condylar head in its roto-transfatory motion. Surgery in TMJ ankylosis treatment entails complete ankylotic block removal and subsequent arthroplasty, possibly with autologous tissue between articular surfaces or heterologous material to restore the anatomic structure and normal function. Temporalis myofascial flap holds great promise for the reconstruction of various maxillofacial defects. In more recent years, a pedicled temporalis myofascial flap has been advocated in TMJ ankylosis surgery. Advantages of the temporalis myofascial flap in TMJ reconstruction include close proximity to the TMJ, adequate blood supply from the internal maxillary artery, and its attachment to the coronoid process, which provides movement of the flap during function, simulating physiologic action of the disc. This study evaluated 8 patients(11 TMJs) affected by TMJ ankylosis. All patients underwent surgical treatment of the removal of the ankylotic block and subsequent interpositional arthroplasty with temporalis myofascial flap. Bilateral TMJ ankylosis was observed in 3 patients(6 TMJs), right-sides in 3 patients, left-sided in 2 patients. Epipathogenesis was traumatic in 6 patients(8 TMJs), ankylosing spondylitis in 2 patients(3 TMJs). In 3 patients coronoidotomy was underwent. Average follow-up was 16.8 months after surgery, with a range of 7 to 28 months. No patients underwent additional TMJ procedures after the temporalis myofascial flap. All patients showed a distinctive improvement both in articular functionality and symptoms. We found that temporalis myofascial flap is very valuable in reconstruction of TMJ ankylosis.