• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2016

Yangon Mega City is densely populated and most urbanization area of Myanmar. Rapid urbanization is the main causes of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change and they impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST). The objectives of this study were to investigate on the LST with respect to LULC of Yangon Mega City. For this research, Landsat satellite images of 1996, 2006 and 2014 of Yangon Area were used. Supervised classification with the region of interest and calculated change detection. Ground check points used 348 points for accuracy assessment. The overall accuracy indicated 89.94 percent. The result of this paper, the vegetation area decreased from $1061.08sq\;km^2$ (24.5%) in 1996 to $483.53sq\;km^2$ (11.2%) in 2014 and built up area clearly increased from $485.33sq\;km^2$ (11.2%) in 1996 to $1435.72sq\;km^2$ (33.1%) in 2014. Although the land surface temperature was higher in built up area and bare land, lower value in cultivated land, vegetation and water area. The results of the image processing pointed out that land surface temperature increased from $23^{\circ}C$, $26^{\circ}C$ and $27^{\circ}C$ to $36^{\circ}C$, $42^{\circ}C$ and $43.3^{\circ}C$ for three periods. The findings of this paper revealed a notable changes of land use and land cover and land surface temperature for the future heat management of sustainable urban planning for Yangon Mega city. The relationship of regression experienced between LULC and LST can be found gradually stronger from 0.8323 in 1996, 0.8929 in 2006 and 0.9424 in 2014 respectively.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 2023

The Daehwangjam has excellent marketability and quality. However, precise silkworm breeding data on the recent high-temperature environment is not enough collected, and it is necessary to check whether stable Daewhangjam silkworm egg production was possible in poor environments. In this study, the timing of metamorphosis of the Daewhangjam parents Jam323 and Jam324 silkworms, in an optimal condition and a general condition similar to breeding grounds, was investigated to confirm that appropriate mating was achieved. Surprisingly, a number of female moths were discarded due to the metamorphosis of Jam324 female moths much earlier than Jam323 male moths in either an optimal or a general condition. To improve this, during the Jam324 female pupation period, the mild low-temperature of 15℃ was treated for the pupation period to delay the metamorphosis into female moths. Depending on the treatment period, the metamorphosis of the female pupa was delayed by more than 4 days, allowing normal mating with the Jam323 male moth. The eye pigments in a pupa also slowly accumulated in these treatments. In order to discover the side effects of low-temperature treatments, the voltinism of the Daewhangjam eggs was investigated, but most of them remained univoltine. Taken together, the low-temperature treatment during the female pupation period made it possible to use Jam324 female moths that were should be discarded, which means that stable and efficient management of Daewhangjam egg production is possible.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.493-508
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• 2023

Round timber materials of 600 mm length, cut from large-cross-section round timber of red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) of 450 mm width and 4.2 m length, were prepared as the target of kiln drying in this study. After treating the target materials through end sealing (ES), end sealing - kerfing (ES-K), lateral sealing - end sealing - boring (LS-ES-B), or lateral sealing - partial end sealing (LS-PES), the effects of the treatment on the incidence of drying defects were determined. The target materials with exposed lateral surface and sealed cross surface were steamed at the initial temperature of 65℃ above the official pest control temperature of 56℃, followed by kiln drying toward the final temperature of 75℃. The target materials with sealed lateral surfaces, on the other hand, were dried at the initial temperature of 90℃ at almost the maximum temperature of conventional kiln drying, as there is no risk of early check formation caused by surface moisture evaporation. The final temperature was set at approximately 100℃. The drying time, taken for the target materials with initial moisture content of 70%-80% to reach the target moisture content of 19%, varied across treatment conditions. The measured drying time was 1,146 hours (approximately 48 days) for the timber with sealed cross surface and 745 hours (approximately 31 days) for the timber with sealed lateral surface, until the moisture content reached the target level. The formation of surface checks could not be prevented in the control and ES groups, but a definite preventive effect was obtained for the LS-ES-B and LS-PES groups.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 대단면 목재의 건조를 위해 포화증기와 과열증기를 연속 적용하는 공정의 이용 가능성을 평가해보고자 하였다. 낙엽송 수심 정각재를 건조하는 동안 표면층, 내부층 및 중심층의 슬라이스 시험편을 통해 함수율 변화를 확인한 결과 포화증기 건조 중에는 표면층과 내부층 사이에서, 과열증기 건조 중에는 내부층과 중심층 사이에서 함수율 경사가 크게 발생하였다. 하지만 각 슬라이스 층간의 함수율 경사에도 불구하고, 표면 할렬은 발생하지 않았으며, 내부 할렬은 수나 미성숙재 부근에서만 발생하였다. 슬라이스의 탄성 변형률과 낙엽송의 접선 방향 탄성계수를 통해 건조 중인 낙엽송 정각재의 건조 응력의 최댓값은 1.30 MPa이었고, 건조 응력이 최대인 시점 온도와 함수율 조건에서 낙엽송의 접선 방향 인장강도는 5.21 MPa로 추산된다. 즉, 포화증기 및 과열증기를 연속 건조 공정에서 목재의 건조 응력이 접선 방향 인장강도를 초과하지 않았기 때문에 표면에서 할렬이 발생하지 않았다. 내부 할렬 발생 억제를 위한 과열증기 건조 조건 완화와 같은 추가 연구를 통해 포화-과열증기 연속 건조 공정이 대단면 목재 건조에 이용 가능할 것이라 기대된다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.319-323
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• 2009

딸기는 근연교배가 다른 작물에 비해 상대적으로 약한 타 식성 작물이다. 딸기의 대다수 품종 육성방법은 품종간 교잡으로 부터 우수한 개체를 선발하는 선발육종을 기본으로 하여 왔다. 그러나 계통 육성방법도 우수한 유전자를 집적하기 위한 방법으로 많이 이용되어 왔었다. 따라서 딸기의 육종효율을 증진시키기 위해 자식 또는 근계교배를 통하여 조합능력이 높은 유전자형을 가진 근교계를 만들고자 형질이 우수한 품종을 대상으로 자식을 실시하였다. 이 자식계통 중 초세, 당도, 경도 등 원예적 형질이 아주 우수한 "원교 3111호"를 선발하였다. "원교 3111호"의 주요 특성을 보면 초형은 직립형이고, 초세가 매우 강하며 화아분화가 매우 빠르다. 과형은 원추형이고, 과색은 선홍색이며, 화방 당 화수는 16~17개 정도이고, 평균과중이 17.2 g이다. 과실의 당도는 11.3 $^{\circ}Bx$, 산도는 0.50%, 경도는 21.7 g/$mm^2$로 대조 품종에 비해 단산비가 상당히 높고 경도도 우수하다. 전체 수량은 대조품종과 큰 차이가 없으나 저온기 착과성이 떨어져 상품과율이 대조 품종에 비해 떨어지고, 흰가루병, 탄저병 등 내병성에 약한 경향이 있어 재배품종보다는 신품종 육성을 위한 중간모본용으로 적합하다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.754-763
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• 2018

This study examined the color reproducibility and color fastness of digital textile printing for nylon sublimation transfer. After measuring the temperature and time suited to nylon sublimation transfer, the researchers conducted various tests for comparison and analysis including polyester transfer paper on polyester fabric to check dyeing characteristics, color change, sharpness, and the rubbing fastness of the dyeing samples for nylon sublimation transfer. These tests produced the following results. At $185^{\circ}C$ and $187^{\circ}C$, the sublimation transfer dyeing characteristics of nylon were similar to those of polyester and the researchers even observed superior color development in some colors; at a low temperature of $180^{\circ}C$, the sample that was worked on had the lowest level of color development. The examination of color difference (${\Delta}E$), which compared $L^*a^*b^*$ values, showed that the ${\Delta}E$ value of magenta was 10.34, that of yellow was 24.70, and that of black was 15.28. These results highlight the important role of heat treatment temperature and time on color development in nylon sublimation transfer. Concerning sharpness, the samples subjected to higher temperature heat treatment exhibited fewer color spreading phenomena around lines. Thus, dyeing properties and fastness can be enhanced by elongating time at low temperatures and shortening time at high temperatures; however, considering production time constraints as well as the need to produce industrially marketable quantities, the findings of this study suggest that the heat treatment temperature most suitable for nylon sublimation transfer is $187^{\circ}C$ for a duration of 50 seconds.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2009

This study tried to develop the system (device) that automatically notify a manager of condition just before and after farrowing to extend ubiquitous-based technology and to increase efficiency of delivery care and productivity by reducing human labor and time on standby when farrowing management is done in the difficult and hard working environment of farrowing such as night or holidays in field sand especially in pig industry. In this test, selected 10 gilts were executed timed artificial insemination and were set up each temperature sensor and load sensor to them 3 days before the estimated farrowing day and were observed the farrowing situation. This study was embodied the NESPOT-based (KT Corporation) monitoring system, the system to transmit data in real time by utilization of wireless LAN and the sensor module to apply the ubiquitous environment to them. And this study was observed the situation to automatically notify situations of 10 gilts that first bore just before and after farrowing. The result obtained the farrowing situations of them in real time by setup of the NESPOT-based monitoring system to check farrowing situation directly is as follow. The average time of the automatic notice about situation just before farrowing by the temperature sensor was 27.5 minutes before the beginning of farrowing (the expulsion time of a piglet). 6 of 8 pregnant gilts that first bore automatically were notified situations just before farrowing and the temperature sensors inserted into 2 ones before farrowing were omitted. (The automatic notice rate 75%) The average time of the automatic notice of situation just after farrowing by the load sensor was taken 46.5 minutes after the beginning of farrowing (the expulsion time of a first piglet). The average gestation period of 8 ones that first bore and were tested by the automatic notice of farrowing situation was 115.6 days. This result found that the automatic farrowing notice system by the temperature sensor is more efficient than the load sensor as the automatic farrowing alarm device and sanitary treatment and improvement of the omission rate were required.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2009

본 논문은 차동식스포트형열감지기 현장점검용 표준화기기 개발에 관한 연구이다. 현재 소방점검 시 차동식스포트형열감지기의 성능확인을 위해 사용되는 점검기기(4 Type)들을 실험대상으로 선정하여 문제점을 찾고, 도출된 문제점을 바탕으로 차동식스포트형열감지기 형식승인 시 감도시험기준과 동일한 온도조건인 실온보다 $30^{\circ}C$ 높은 온도로 자동설정 할 수 있고 설정된 온도를 계속 유지할 수 있는 기능과 풍속 조건인 풍속 85cm/s를 유지할 수 있는 차동식스포트형열감지기 현장점검용 표준화기기의 회로를 설계하고 시제품을 제작하였다. 개발된 시제품의 성능확인 결과 차동식스포트형열감지기의 형식승인시험 시 감도시험조건과 동일한 성능이 나타나는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated safety and efficacy of a low temperature immunization protocol with NNV in red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara and long tooth grouper, Epinephelus bruneus and seven band grouper, Hyporthodus septemfasciatus. Further, growth rate between immunized and naïve fish was evaluated during the experiment to check side effect of immunization. Three grouper species were immunized by immersion method with live NNV at 10^5.0 TCID₅₀/mL at 16.5℃ for 30 min and reared for 120 days at natural sea water temperature. To evaluate growth rate, total length and wet weight was measured 7 times after immunization. Immunized three grouper species were challenged by intramuscular inoculation with NNV at 10^4.2 TCID₅₀/100 µL/fish. Immunization at low temperature with live NNV did not show any clinical symptoms of infection, mortality and inhibition of growth. After challenge, cumulative mortality of naïve seven band grouper, red spotted grouper, long tooth grouper were 45, 10, 20 %, respectively. However no mortality was observed at immunized groupers. Thus, it was demonstrated that immunization at low temperature with live NNV are able to protect three different species of groupers without inhibition of growth.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.376-378
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• 2021

세계기상기구가 발표한 2020년 글로벌 기후 보고서에 따르면, 2019년 지구의 평균 온도는 산업화 이전인 1850년에서 1900년사이에 측정된 온도보다 평균 1.1℃ 높게 측정되었다. 평균온도의 변화는 기온 상승이 식물 분포에 미치는 영향과 취약성 분석 논문의 따르면 평균온도의 상승시 식물의 분포되는 지역의 변화가 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 환경 변화에 대응하기 위해, 아두이노와 센서를 사용하여 간헐흐름식 수경재배 스마트팜을 제작하고, PC와 어플리케이션을 통하여 제어하는 방법을 제안한다. 제작된 수경재배 스마트팜은 농장의 온습도, 양액의 ph농도, 조도, 수질의 정도를 파악하고, 양액의 양과 보충 필요 농도 확인, 조도의 따른 생장 LED 제어, 센서의 상태를 파악하여 농장의 전체적인 관리와, 식물의 모종 옮겨심기 이후의 적절한 환경에서 성장할 수 있도록 제어한다.