• 대한지리학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.94-105
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 여름과 겨울철의 이상기온 출현 빈도의 변화와 그에 영향을 미치는 요인과의 관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 우리나라의 대부분 관측 지점에서는 여름철 이상고온 출현 빈도의 증가와 겨울철 이상저온 출현 빈도의 감소 경향이 뚜렷하다. 이러한 이상기온 출현 빈도의 변화는 대기 순환 지수 중 겨울철 이상기온 출현에 영향을 미치는 겨울 몬순 지수와 시베리아 고기압 강도 지수 및 북극 진동 지수, 그리고 여름철 이상저온 출현에 영향을 미치는 오호츠크해 고기압 강도 지수와 북태평양 지수 등의 변화 경향과 유사하다. 이 지수들은 이상기온의 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인 중 최근의 지구 온난화 경향을 반영하며 우리나라 전 지역의 이상기온 출현 빈도와 관계가 뚜렷하다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1343-1346
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• 2003

Monitoring the skin temperature changes of the palm during video endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy has been used as a measure of the success of the surgery for palmar hyperhidrosis. So we measured palmar skin temperature on both sides after administration of herbal medicine to learn whether we can use it as a indicator of herbal medicine effect, and to see it's mechanism. Seven patients (15 to 19 years old) with palmar hyperhidrosis underwent administration of herbal medicine. The palmar skin temperature was measured by comparing the changes of skin temperature before and after administration of herbal medicine for palmar hyperhidrosis. After the administration, temperature of the left palm was elevated(before. 26.16±2.13℃ vs. after. 30.62±1.84℃, p<0.05), and temperature of the right palm was also elevated(before. 26.14±2.28℃ vs. after. 30.91 ±1.67℃, p<0.05). These results suggest that the administration of herbal medicine is not only the symptoms of hyperhidrosis abolished but also the skin temperature of palm is elevated.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.786-790
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• 2005

We investigated the particularity of temperature and composition changes in $xNa_2O{\cdot}(52.5-x)B_2O_3{\cdot}47.5SiO_2$ glasses by use of FT-IR, $^{11}B$ NMR, Raman spectrometer. From FT-IR and $^{11}B$ NMR spectrometer, we thought that tetrahedral boron, $BO_4$ units are created $N_4$ increasing tendency generated near $600^{\circ}C$. It's expected that composition ana heat treatment directly contributed to structural changes, this changes are following to $Na_2O$ increasing or decreasing. caused by $N_4\;and\;BO_4$ units are caused by relatively increasing or decreasing in the glasses' structure. Particularly, $BO_4$ units are converted to $BO_3$ units after $600^{\circ}C$ heat treatment for 50h in the composition of $x<18(R<0.5,\;R=Na_2O/B_2O_3\;mol\%)$. On the order hand, $BO_3$ units are converted to, $BO_4$ units after $600^{\circ}C$ heat treatment for 50h in the composition of $x{\geq}18\;(R>0.5)$. This particularity of composition and temperature dependence of structural changes are similarly represented by Raman analysis results.

• 대기
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.665-672
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• 2016

In this study, we examine future changes in the Hadley cell (HC) strength using CMIP5 climate change simulations. The current study is an extension of a previous study by Seo et al. that used all 30 available models. Here, we select 18-23 well-performing models based on their significant internal sensitivity of the interannual HC strength variation to the latitudinal temperature gradient variation. The model projections along with simple scaling analysis show that the inter-model variability in the HC strength change is a result of the inter-model spread in the meridional temperature gradient across the subtropics for both DJF and JJA, not by the tropopause height or gross static stability change. The HC strength is expected to weaken significantly during DJF, while little change is expected in the JJA HC strength. Compared to the calculations with all model members, selected model statistics increase the linear correlation between the changes in HC strength and meridional temperature gradient by 13~23%, confirming the robust sensitivity of the HC strength to the meridional temperature gradient. Two scaling equations for the selected models predict changes in HC strength better than all-member predictions. In particular, the prediction improvement in DJF is as high as 30%. The simple scaling relations successfully predict both the ensemble-mean changes and model-to-model variations in the HC strength for both seasons.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.273-280
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• 2020

In this study, the P contrast agent of Iopamidol, which is a nonionic iodide contrast agent most commonly used as a vascular contrast agent in medical institutions, and the O contrast agent of Ioversol, were studied. The physicochemical changes according to the temperature change were compared and analyzed using the Bruker Avance 500MHz Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer owned by the Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI). There was no physical or chemical change in the O contrast medium of Ioversol formulation in temperature change. However, in the P contrast agent of Iopamidol, a doublet peak began to appear in the 1.1 ppm region of the sample at 60℃, and the doublet peak was clearly observed in the sample at 80℃. As a result of this study, 1H-NMR analysis revealed that the P contrast agent of the Iopamidol formulation was dissociated from chemical bonds as it rose to a high temperature of 60℃ or higher, resulting in the formation of foreign substances. It was evaluated that the O contrast agent of Ioversol formulation had physico-chemical stability than the P contrast agent of Iopamidol formulation. As shown in this study, it is necessary to analyze the physical and chemical changes of contrast agents according to various environmental factors.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2008

A more accurate method of measuring the electrical conductivity (L) of solutions was developed by applying dynamic temperature compensation for measurement of L. Temperature changes of a sample were induced by a heater probe and the changes in L per unit temperature were measured. An equation for L with respect to temperature change was developed and L at the standard temperature ($25^{\circ}C$) was computed. Based on our proposed method, it is possible to have temperature compensation without having the temperature coefficients in advance.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.478-483
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• 1997

Six adult female Murrah buffaloes of about 12 years were exposed to solar radiation during summer when minimum and maximum ambient temperatures were 27.1 and $44.1^{\circ}C$, respectively. The skin surface temperature at forehead, middle pinna, neck, rump, foreleg, hind legs were recorded using non-contact temperature measuring instrument and respiration rate and rectal temperature were measured throughout the 24 hours starting from 6:30 AM. The diurnal fluctuations and temperature gradients have been reported for buffaloes. During summer when ambient temperature and solar radiation was maximum, adult buffaloes were not able to maintain their thermal balance even after increasing the pulmonary frequency 5 - 6 times. The changes in skin temperature at various sites indicate that the temperature of skin surface not only varies in relation to exposure but also due to water diffusion and evaporation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.918-925
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• 2005

The following are the results from the infrared body temperature image test to verify the changes in facial temperature according to call duration with a cellular phone. As for the body temperatures, it appears to be the mean value at the upper central point of phone's battery among 7 different points that are measured, and to be the highest at srernocleido-mastoid and scapular trapezius muscle triangle zone$(34.25^{\circ}C\; and\;34.05^{\circ}C\;each)$. The changes of body temperature according to the time duration shows that the body temperature rises according to the length of phone use because of the heat emitted from the battery. As for the temperature changes according to blocking materials, the one without processing appears to be higher in the mean temperature compared to the others that are processed, NSS(Nano Silver Silk) and NSG(Nano Silver Silk Gold) appear to be the lowest in the temperature to show the best blocking property. As for the temperature changes according to measuring points, it appears to be the highest at P4, P5 with all materials, and one with NSG to be the lowest at Pl, P2, P3, and one with NSS to be the lowest at P3, P4, P5, P6, which is due to the thermal conduction of Au and Ag. And the mean temperature at each point appears to be different according to the materials. Therefore, the study conducted with human participants requires a proper particle size of it which would not penetrate cellular tissues and a proper binder and binding treatment for it, to prevent the physical fatigues and the potential diseases. However, it is highly required for back-up researches to verify various aspects in applying nano silver to textile products.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.218-228
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the effect of physical changes on MR temperature imaging at 7.0T and to examine proton-resonance-frequency related changes of MR phase images and T1 related changes of MR magnitude images, which are obtained for MR thermometry at various magnetic field strengths. Materials and Methods: An MR-compatible capacitive-coupled radio-frequency hyperthermia system was implemented for heating a phantom and swine muscle tissue, which can be used for both 7.0T and 3.0T MRI. To determine the effect of flip angle correction on T1-based MR thermometry, proton resonance frequency, apparent T1, actual flip angle, and T1 images were obtained. For this purpose, three types of imaging sequences are used, namely, T1-weighted fast field echo with variable flip angle method, dual repetition time method, and variable flip angle method with radio-frequency field nonuniformity correction. Results: Signal-to-noise ratio of the proton resonance frequency shift-based temperature images obtained at 7.0T was five-fold higher than that at 3.0T. The T1 value increases with increasing temperature at both 3.0T and 7.0T. However, temperature measurement using apparent T1-based MR thermometry results in bias and error because B1 varies with temperature. After correcting for the effect of B1 changes, our experimental results confirmed that the calculated T1 increases with increasing temperature both at 3.0T and 7.0T. Conclusion: This study suggests that the temperature-induced flip angle variations need to be considered for accurate temperature measurements in T1-based MR thermometry.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.120-127
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 광섬유 온도 분포 센싱을 통한 제체의 침투 및 붕괴와 같은 물리적 변화 현상을 모니터링하기 위해 중규모 제방 수리실험을 수행하였다. 본 실험의 중규모 실험 제방은 바이오폴리머 흙을 제방 전면에 도포하여 강도를 증진시킨 것으로 월류에 의한 침투 및 붕괴 현상이 일반 제방과는 다르게 나타날 수 있으며, 이러한 현상은 광섬유 온도 분포 센싱을 통해 획득한 온도 변화 정보를 통해 분석할 수 있었다. 제체의 위치별 시간에 따른 온도 변화 자료를 통해 제체 내부의 물리적 변화 및 침투가 발생하는 위치와 시간을 판단할 수 있었다. 본 실험에서는 급격한 온도 변화 시점이 제외지 사면보다 제내지 사면에서 먼저 발생하였으며, 이는 실험에서 제내지 사면이 붕괴된 후에 제외지 사면이 붕괴된 순서와 일치하였다.