• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 1996년도 제10회 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.141-153
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• 1996

Firms prefer in some specific conditions cooperative R&D to non-cooperative for developing technology. Previous studies on the conditions show firms want to choose cost-sharing type of cooperative R&D (the CS-RJV) rather than non-cooperative one when target technology is either 'relatively easy'or 'relatively difficult', and to join multiple-research type of cooperation (the MR-RJV) than to compete each other if technology is only 'relatively easy'. However, by introducing technological spillover as well as difficult of technology, only if there shown that this seemingly contrasted phenomenon almost disappears : the MR-RJV can i3e also preferred by firms even in case of 'relatively difficult'technology only if there exists some extent of a technological spillover.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2018

본 연구는 기술보증기금이 자체적으로 기술평가를 거쳐 운전자금보증을 지원한 3,462개 벤처 이노비즈기업의 현장데이터에 근거하여 기업에 내재된 4가지 VRIO 속성, 즉 기술혁신의 가치 (Value)와 희소성 (Rarity), 모방가능성 (Imitability) 및 조직 (Organization)이라는 내부자원과 역량이 어떻게 기술적 경쟁우위를 확보해 나가고, 나아가 기술적 경쟁우위는 최종적으로 경제적 경쟁우위에 어떻게 영향을 미치게 되는지를 실증적으로 규명하였다. 기술혁신을 기반으로 하는 표본기업은 기술경영전략 (Value), 기술의 차별성 (Rarity), 기술모방 난이도 (Imitability) 및 기술조직역량(Organization) 등 4개요인의 내부자원과 역량을 통하여 1단계로 지식재산권을 확충하고 기술개발 및 신제품의 상용화가 활발하게 이루어지는 등 기술적 경쟁우위를 확보하게 되며, 나아가 기업의 매출액 증가 및 영업수익 확대뿐만 아니라 기업 전반의 재무건전성이 향상되는 등 가시적인 경영성과를 시현하기 까지 각 단계별로 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되어 연구가설이 지지되었다. 특히, VRIO 특성 중 경쟁기업이 모방하기 어려운 독창적 기술을 보유하거나 기술조직의 역량 확충 등 인프라를 잘 갖춘 경우 여타 기술관련 속성들 보다 기술적 경제적 경쟁우위를 확보하는데 상대적으로 더 큰 영향력을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.149-174
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• 2006

기술학습에 대한 개념 연구 및 실증연구가 증가하고 있음에도 불구하고 기업의 구체적인 기술학습과정을 파악하고자 하는 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구는 기업의 구체적인 기술 지식 학습과정을 분석하기 위하여, 통합적 관점의 기술학습이론에 근거하여 한국의 대표적인 기업이 수행한 13개 기술개발과제에 대한 탐색적 사례연구를 통해 기업의 기술학습과정을 조사하였다. 13개 기술개발과제의 기술학습과정에 대한 사례연구 결과, 두 가지 기술학습과정 유형을 도출할 수 있었다. 첫 번째 기술학습과정 유형은 인지학습과 행동학습의 순서에 따라 네 가지 기술학습과정으로 나누어졌다. 이 기술학습과정 유형은 기술능력 수준에 따라 구분될 수 있었다. 두 번째 기술학습과정 유형은 인지학습과 행동학습의 상대적 난이도에 따라 두 가지 기술학습과정으로 나누어졌다. 이 기술학습과정 유형은 기술의 특성에 따라 구분될 수 있었다. 마지막으로 기술학습을 위한 경영적 함의와 결론, 연구의 한계를 제시하였다.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 1999년도 제15회 하계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.85-97
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• 1999

Being the new paradigm of "knowledge based economy", knowledge asset get to be the key to evaluate the firm's value. For a instance, Scandia firstly informed the intellectual capital report with its own financial statements in 1994. Some financial institutions have emphasized the roles of knowledge assets in the evaluating firm's value, too. But the concept of knowledge asset is so extensively defined that the result of evaluation is not as much reliable as financial statements. As previous studies examined the firm-specific cases, the sectoral pattern of knowledge asset has been ignored and it cause the difficulty in the empirical study. Moreover, the objectivity of study is ambiguous. Therefore, we regards knowledge asset as a technological knowledge asset. Which is related to R&D(research & development) and technology. Because this definition is more measurable than others and can play a frontier role in evaluating the knowledge asset. We extract the criteria related to the technological knowledge asset through the survey of 'Scandia' and other previous studies and add other criteria, which explain the Korean-specific environments. We gather data from "Technological Innovation"(STEPI, 1997, 1999) and "The bibliography of Korean R&D institutes"(KITA,1998) and "the survey of listed company"(Daewoo Securities, 1998. 1999). As the results of empirical study, the variables which explain the financial value of firms do not reflect the 'technological knowledge asset' well. It results from the factors as followings. Firstly, instead of stock price the proxy measurement related to 'knowledge asset' is needed. Secondly, the sample is biased to the large scale firms so we'll collect samples more broadly. Finally, the concept of 'technological knowledge asset' is too narrow to explain the value of firm. We expect the result of this empirical study gives contribution to the evaluation of firms' value more exactly.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 1997

Firms prefer in some specific conditions cooperative R&D to non-cooperative for developing technology. Previous studies on the conditions show firms want to choose cost-sharing type of cooperative R&D (the CS-RJV) rather than non-cooperative one when target technology is either 'relatively easy' or 'relatively difficult', and to join multiple-research or pararell-research type of cooperation (the PR-PJV) than to compete each other if technology is only 'relatively easy'. However, by introducing technological leakage as well as difficulty of technology. it is shown that this seemingly contrasted phenomenon almost disappears ; the PR-RJV can be also preferred by firms even is case of 'relatively difficult' technology only if there exists some extent of a technological leakage.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2003

본 연구는 사이버교육의 활성화와 발전을 근본적인 목적으로 하면서, 원격대학을 중심으로 콘텐츠를 상호 교환하여 활용할 수 있는 체제 및 방법으로 기술 표준화를 제안하고자 하였다. 원격대학의 콘텐츠 교류를 위한 기술 표준화의 모색은 비단 원격대학에만 한정되는 문제는 아니다. 그것은 사이버교육을 수행하고 있고, 다양한 콘텐츠를 개발하여 관리를 해야 하는 주체라면 동일한 문제에 봉착하고, 기술 표준화에 대해 인식을 같이하리라 예상되기 때문이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 원격대학이 당면하고 있는 콘텐츠의 공동활용 방안을 모색하고, 이미 진행되고 있는 콘텐츠의 개발 관리 측면에서 효율성을 기하는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.169-188
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• 2014

Recently the complexity and difficulty of the IT projects are increasing due to technological and environmental risks, resulting in the adoption of PMO(Project Management Office) onto IT project management practices, including public area projects. For example, the Korean government regulated the application of PMO onto large scale public IT projects. However, since there has been no reliable method to estimate the cost to execute PMOs, a PMO cost evaluation model to support the budget and cost planning of PMO projects is required. Thus, the purpose of this research is to develop a systematic cost evaluation model for PMO projects. We identified the dimensions that determine the PMO execution cost to be the scale of the subject project, the technical difficulty level of the subject project, and the tasks to be executed in the PMO project. Based on the determinants, the PMO execution cost model were developed from historical data and experts opinion. Upon verification, the validity of the developed model has high level of consistency compared with their experiences of real PMO project costs.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.295-309
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• 1999

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate problems with the current mathematics textbook. According to a survey, the following were the findings: Textbook is only a tool-book for introducing mathematical facts. It is a unique book for all students possessing different level of mathematical ability. There is difficulty in teaming math using technological devices and in activating(mental and concrete) manipulative activities. There is difficulty in communicating while doing mathematics. There is lack of defined and developed layout of textbook, et. al. It can be however found that these problems can be solved to some degrees, when mathematics textbook is developed based on constructivism. Recently, in mathematics education, it has been gradually emphasized that constructivism can be powerful in teaching and learning mathematics. There are however some difficulties in developing mathematics textbooks to reflect constructivism, such as to fill the gap between the contents written in the national curriculum determined in advance and the contents which students construct psychologically or socially in mathematics class.

• 영어영문학
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1001-1021
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• 2012

This paper is concerned with John Ashbery's poetics of difficulty, questioning in particular the nature of communication in his difficult poems. Ashbery has an idea of poetry as 'information' to be transmitted to the reader. Meaning, however, is to be created by a series of selections among equally probable choices. Ashbery's poetry has been characterized by resistance to the interpretive system of meaning. But the resistance itself, as I will argue, can be an effective medium of communication as the communicated message is not simply transmitted but 'selected' and thus created by the reader. In Ashbery's poetry, disruptive 'noise' elements can be processed as constructive information. What is normally considered a hindrance or noise can be reversed and added to the information. In Ashbery's poems, random ambiguities or noises can be effectively integrated into the final structure of meaning. Such a stochastic sense of information transfer has been embodied in Ashbery's idea of creating a network of verbal elements in his poetry, analogous to the interconnecting web of hypertext, the most dynamic medium 'information technology' has brought to us. John Ashbery, whose poems are simultaneously incomprehensible and intelligent, employs ambiguities or noise in his poetry, with an attempt to reach through linear language to express nonlinear realities. It is therefore my intention to examine Ashbery's poetics of difficulty, from a perspective of communication transmission, using the theories of information technology and the principles of hypertext theory. Ashbery's poetry raises precisely the problem confronted in the era of communication and information technology. The paper will also show how his aesthetics of difficulty reflects the culture of our uncertain times with overflowing information. With his difficult enigmatic poems, Ashbery was able to move ahead of the technological advances of his time to propose a new way of perceiving the world and life.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제8호
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• pp.379-407
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• 2004

The cyber-crime is one of the results occurring from the increased dependency toward information-telecommunication devices. Currently, the Korean National Police Agency and many other related law enforcement agencies have made efforts to respond against the cyber-crimes. However, the number of cyber-crime is increasing steadily. The worse problem is that the arresting rate for the cyber-crime has been decreased than before. The reasons of decreasing arresting rate come from many different kinds of cyber-crime methods with the developed computer and network technology, Also, the easy concealment of the cyber-crime by the violater and the difficulty of specification against the data objected to search and seizure make the crackdown difficult. The other difficulties come from the lack of professionally trained investigators, the lack of high-technological investigation devices, and the failure of the technology development for the search and seizure of evidences because of the budget deficit. That is to say, these phenomenon show the comprehensive problem of the cyber-police system. Accordingly, to respond against newly changed cyber-crime activities and to investigate effectively, the cyber-police has to take consideration into the professional reorganization of the cyber-police, the development of the investigation technology, and the adjustment of current cyber-crime laws. Most importantly, the cyber-police needs the high-technological investigation devices, the development of the investigation methods, and the training for the professional human resources with the enough budget support.J