• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.116-126
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• 2003

In this study, we research about the relationships of human longevity and environments, inducted the significant factors of longevity from the statistical analysis, and represented spatial distribution of longevity using geographic information system. The factors confining human longevity can be categorized by geography/geology, climate/weather, economy, and social welfare. After analyzing statistical data, dependent variable which means the longevity index is defined by the ratio of population more than 85 years old among population more than 65 years old. The results of analysis show that longevity are related with waterworks ratio, temperature, local tax ratio, and latitude. In this study we discussed about the spatial characteristics which are represented by variance of the longevity index and described a spatial relationship between the longevity index and significant factors which are chosen by statistical analysis. In the further study, in order to sustain the longevity of a region, it is necessary for the effective rural planning to propagate a longevity of rural areas.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.23-40
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• 2015

본 연구는 시스템 다이내믹스 기법을 활용하여 주요 해운정책이 우리나라 외항선대 증가에 미치는 영향에 대하여 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 시뮬레이션을 위해 사용된 변수는 2005년부터 2013년까지 우리나라 해운기업이 보유한 선박척수와 총톤수, BDI, HRCI, CCFI, WS, 달러 대비 환율, 세계 선대규모, 우리나라 해운업계 부채비율 등이고, 해운정책이 외항선대 증가에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 검증하기 위하여 국제선박등록 톤수, 정책금융기관의 해운기업에 대한 대출액수, 톤세제 적용기업의 수, 선박펀드 규모 등 4가지 정책변수에 대해 민감도 분석을 실시하였다. 예측값의 정확도를 파악하기 위해 절대평균 오차비율(MAPE) 검증을 실시하였는데, MAPE 값이 3.46%로서 10%이내에 해당하여 매우 높은 정확도를 가지는 시뮬레이션 모델로 평가되었다. 민감도 분석결과, 국제선박등록 톤수, 정책금융기관의 대출액수, 선박펀드 규모, 톤세제 적용기업의 수의 순으로 영향도가 큰 것으로 분석되었다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.185-212
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• 2010

본 연구는 현재 우리나라에서 대안적 소득보장제도로 제안되고 있는 기본소득(basic income) 모델들의 소득재분배효과를 비교 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 분석 자료는 한국복지패널 3차년도 자료를 활용하였으며, 소득재분배효과는 빈곤율과 5분위 소득배율 그리고 지니계수로 측정하였다. 분석결과 기본소득 모형은 현행의 소득보장 시스템에 비해 소득재분배효과가 높게 나타났다. 또한 기본소득모델은 절대적 빈곤의 문제를 완전히 해소하였다. 기본소득 모델중에서 빈곤감소효과가 큰 것은 정률과세 기본소득 모델이었으며, 소득불평등 감소효과가 큰 것은 차등과세 기본소득 모델이었다. 기본소득 모델이 현행 시스템보다 소득재분배 효과가 큰 것은 투입되는 자원의 양 때문이기도 하지만, 보편주의적인 프로그램이 소득재분배효과가 가장 크다는 '재분배의 역설론' 을 확인해주는 결과이기도 하다. 마지막으로 빈곤감소효과에서는 정률과세 기본소득 모델이 소득불평감소 효과에서는 차등과세 기본소득 모델의 성과가 양호하다는 본 연구의 결과는 기본소득 논의에서 정책목표를 어떻게 설정하느냐에 따라 모델의 설계가 달라질 필요가 있음을 보여주는 결과라 할 수 있다.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2019

We conducted research to evaluate economically and engineering about the synthesis of Magnesium Oxide, MgO, nanoparticles using physicochemical methods. The method used was economic evaluation by calculating GPM, BEP, PBP, and CNPV. The other method used was engineering perspective. MgO nanoparticles were synthesized by reacting Mg(NO₃)₂ and NaOH with a mole ratio 1: 2. Mg(OH)₂ formed was heated and calcined to remove water content and to oxidation to form MgO. An economic evaluation by calculating GPM and CNPV for the production of MgO nanoparticles on an industrial scale shows that the payback period (PBP) occur in the third year and profits increase each year. Tax variations show that the higher of tax, the lower profits received. When there was an increase of selling prices, the profit was greater. The variable cost used is the price of raw material. When there was an increased in the variable cost price, the payback period was longer and the profits was reduced. The benefit of this research is knowing the industrial production of MgO nanoparticles is beneficial. The function of MgO nanoparticles is a material for the manufacture of ceramics and can be used as an antimicrobial in the water filtration process.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.649-672
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• 2012

The government established Special Accounts for Balanced National Development in 2005, and the Metropolitan Council has enacted and executed ordinance relevant to special accounts to relieve regional unbalanced growth and to promote regional balanced growth. This study derived a political implication through the comparison analysis of the background of establishment and its purpose, the selection criteria of support target, finance scale and tax revenue finance, appropriation target and finance distribution, etc. on the basis of Chungcheongnam-do Special Accounts for Balanced Development and Jeollabuk-do Eastern part Special Accounts among the special accounts implemented in metropolitan council. The major conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the transition from the concept of balanced development to specialized development is necessary for the development of distressed region. Second, the pure wastefulness ratio of the local government's tax revenue finance of special accounts designed concentrating upon special accounts for Wide-area Autonomous Communities development should be gradually expanded. Third, Special Accounting budget should be supported to promote specialized development through the selection and concentration centering around comparatively advantageous resource within the region. Fourth, the strategic special accounts budget application system of cities and counties to utilize the projects of the government and the province to achieve the goal of cities and counties should be prepared.

• 재무관리연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.221-263
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• 2009

This paper studies the behaviour of stock prices on the ex-dividend day in the Korean stock market. Since a majority of listed Korean firms are December firms whose fiscal year end in December and whose ex-dividend day falls on the same calendar day in the year, we use stock prices of Non-December firms to estimate the general stock price movements not related to cash dividends. We estimate excess returns on days around the ex-dividend day. Our major findings are (a) there is no tax clientele effect in Korea, (b) the opening price stock prices fell by the amount of the current cash dividend per share until 2001, but it does not fall as much as the current dividend per share since 2001. Furthermore, in contrast to the U.S. and the Japanese findings, (c) stocks earned negative excess returns on the ex-dividend day until 2001, after which all stocks are earning positive excess returns on the ex-dividend day, and (d) the closing stock price on the ex-dividend day that used to be even higher than the cum-dividend price until 2001 is lower than the opening stock price since 2001. The evidence suggests a structural break has happened around the year 2001.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.235-257
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• 2001

As in other Asian countries, the Korean government provides direct subsidies to endeavors that are potentially harmful to the environment. The water sector is one of the main recipients of these subsidies. The total amount of estimated direct fiscal subsidies equals 2.200 trillion won; however, the comprehensive cost of the subsidies is estimated to be much greater because environmental and social costs were not considered in the initial calculation. Most of the fiscal direct subsidies in the water sector are subsidized to urban water areas. The percentage of fiscal direct subsidies in the urban water sector to the total fiscal direct subsidies is 79.68%, while the percentage of fiscal direct subsidies in the industrial water sector is only 4.92%. Since the ratio of fiscal direct subsidies in the industrial water sector is quite small, the negative impact of removing fiscal direct subsidies for the industrial sector may be trivial. If the Korean government cuts dowm the VAT or income tax rate while reducing several types of subsidies, it will be able to achieve a double dividend effect both on the economy and the environment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2021

The paper attempts to investigate the optimal capital structure of Vietnamese listed firms based on a structural approach. Using the data from around 70 companies in the Consumer Staples sector listed on the Vietnamese Stock Exchange during the period 2018-2020, this study finds that the optimal capital structure of examined companies has a wide range of diversification. This can be explained by the various types of actual products for each typical firm within the chosen sector. The result also confirms that a large proportion of researched firms were actually overleveraged, which is consistent with the trade-off hypothesis that firms wish to take tax advantages while using more debt, which creates the benefits from tax-shield. Furthermore, the research highlights the reversed correlation, which suggests that the lower the company's risk (the lower the sigma of the assets), the greater the optimal capital structure is suggested. Another interesting finding is that almost all consumer staples companies have a better optimal capital structure under the Leland and Toft (1996) model than under the Leland (1994) model. Furthermore, there is a strong correlation of optimal financial leverage ratio between years. In other words, the optimal debt levels of the latter year are strongly dependent on the gearing levels of the previous years.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.923-931
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• 2021

The aim of the present study is to analyze the financial performance of converted commercial bank from non-banking financial institution through a case study of Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited as sample organization. It is observed that the bank is able to achieve a stable growth rate in total deposits, total loans and advances, and net income after tax during the period of 2015-2019. Researchers also calculated some ratio analysis and noticed that the financial position of Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited was not so strong because bank's ROA, ROE, NIM and other ratios were below standard. Researchers used secondary data that were examined by using descriptive statistical tools and panel data regression model. Result shows that Bangladesh Commerce Bank has satisfactory operating efficiency, assets management efficiency, and gives loans to customers. In addition, the present study has tested some hypotheses regarding net income after tax, ROA and ROE with total assets, total loans, total deposits and interest income. These hypotheses have been accepted, which means there is no significant influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The study suggests that Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited had the opportunities to make their financial position stronger by utilizing their good financial position and management efficiencies.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.43-75
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• 2002

This study focuses on the factors that make the financial structure of hospitals in Korea different, and on recommended courses of action that could be very helpful to hospitals in maintaining a sound financial structure. Data used in this study were collected from 132 hospitals with complete general data of present conditions as well as financial statements. They were chosen from the 174 hospitals that passed the standardization audit undertaken by the Korean Hospital Association from 1996 to 2000 for the purpose of accrediting training hospitals. The dependent variable in this study is financial structure. It consists of liabilities as against total assets (total liabilities to total assets, short-term liabilities to total assets, long-term liabilities to total assets, short-term borrowings to total assets, long-term borrowings to total assets). The independent variables are ownership type, hospital type, location, whether or not a representative is a director of the hospital, the possibility of changing a hospital director, bed size, period of establishment, asset structure, profitability, growth, tax shields, business risk, competition. The factors that appear to have the strongest impact on the liabilities to total assets of all the hospitals sampled are ownership type, hospital type, profitability, tax shields, and business risk. It was found that not-for-profit private hospitals and for-profit private hospitals have more liabilities than public hospitals, and tertiary medical institutions have less liabilities than the secondary general hospitals. Moreover, hospitals earning more at the expense of high business risk have a distinct tendency to lower liabilities. Concerning the current ratio, it was found that factors such as ownership type, hospital type, period of establishment, asset structure, and business risk are the more significant variables. The current ratio of public hospitals is higher than that of both not-for-profit private hospitals and for-profit private hospitals, and the current ratio of tertiary medical institutions is higher than that of general hospitals. As business risk is higher in hospitals compared to other businesses, the current ratio becomes higher; this is because it is assumed that for fear of bankruptcy, hospitals lessen liabilities to total assets. On the other hand, as hospitals become older, the fixed assets to total assets become lower. It is remarkable that in hospitals, the factors affecting liabilities to total assets have an opposite regression coefficient sign against factors affecting current ratio. It brings out the same results borne out by the old financial theories and researches, in which a lot of the liabilities of hospitals are considered as the cause of worsening liquidity. Therefore, it is very important for hospitals to maintain a sound financial structure in order to survive using the rational acquisition and maintenance of capital.