• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1310-1319
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• 2016

Face detection is the first step in a wide range of face applications. However, detecting faces in the wild is still a challenging task due to the wide range of variations in pose, scale, and occlusions. Recently, many deep learning methods have been proposed for face detection. However, further improvements are required in the wild. Another important issue to be considered in the face detection is the computational complexity. Current state-of-the-art deep learning methods require a large number of patches to deal with varying scales and the arbitrary image sizes, which result in an increased computational complexity. To reduce the complexity while achieving better detection accuracy, we propose a fully convolutional network-based face detection that can take arbitrarily-sized input and produce feature maps (heat maps) corresponding to the input image size. To deal with the various face scales, a multi-scale network architecture that utilizes the facial components when learning the feature maps is proposed. On top of it, we design multi-task learning technique to improve detection performance. Extensive experiments have been conducted on the FDDB dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods with the accuracy of 82.33% at 517 false alarms, while improving computational efficiency significantly.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.196-203
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• 2008

Hybrid robust image processing algorithm to extract visual features of melon during the cultivation was developed based on a wireless tele-operative interface. Features of a melon such as size and shape including position were crucial to successful task automation and future development of cultivation data base. An algorithm was developed based on the concept of hybrid decision-making which shares a task between the computer and the operator utilizing man-computer interactive interface. A hybrid decision-making system was composed of three modules such as wireless image transmission, task specification and identification, and man-computer interface modules. Computing burden and the instability of the image processing results caused by the variation of illumination and the complexity of the environment caused by the irregular stem and shapes of leaves and shades were overcome using the proposed algorithm. With utilizing operator's teaching via LCD touch screen of the display monitor, the complexity and instability of the melon identification process has been avoided. Hough transform was modified for the image obtained from the locally specified window to extract the geometric shape and position of the melon. It took less than 200 milliseconds processing time.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 1992

An inspection task largely can be seen as a job divided up into a series of visual search and classification subtasks. In these subtasks, an Inspector must performs to compare the standard references proposed in visual environments and recalled in his memory with the visual stimuli to be inspected. It means that the judgement of similarity should be demanded on inspection tasks. Therefore, the inspector's ability for the judgement of similarity and the difference similarity between inspection materials are important factors to effect on performances in inspection tasks. In this paper, to analysis the effect of these factors on inspection time, an inspection task is designed and suggested by means of computer simulator. Especially, the skin conductance responses(SCR) of subjects are measured to evaluate the complexity of tasks due to the difference of similarity between materials. In the results of experiment, the more similar or different the difference of similarity between materials is, the shorter the inspection time is because of the reduction of task complexity. And, When the inspector's cognition for similarity between materials is consistanct, the inpsection time is improved. Concludingly, the consistency of reponses for similarity judgement becomes a measurement to present the performance levels. And the information of inspection time that due to the difference of similarity between materials must be considered in planning and scheduling inspection tasks.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2002

SNMP 관리 영역이 네트워크에서 시스템, 요금데이터 등 다양한 영역으로 확대되고, 보다 중요한 데이터를 전송하는 수단으로 사용된다. SNMPv3는 사용자그룹기반의 view기반 보안모델을 통한 보안강화 기능을 제공한다. 그러나, view기반보안모델을 이용한 보안관리는 데이터 접근목적에 연관된 접근제어 기능이 없고, 다양한 사용자그룹 생성에 따른 관리의 복잡성이 증대되는 문제가 있다. 따라서, 이러한 관리의 복잡성 문제를 해결하고, 보안강화를 하기 위한 직무기반 보안모델을 통한 접근강화 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 직무기반 보안관리는 관리대상에 따라 네트워크관리자 직무, 시스템 관리자 또는 계정관리자 등의 직무로 구분하여 직무를 통한 접근을 제한하여 관리의 복잡성을 해소하고, 직무와 목적간 관계를 확인하여 보다 강화된 보안기능을 제공한다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2005년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.1089-1090
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• 2005

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제10A권3호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 IRIS(Increasing Reward with Increasing Service) 태스크들을 위한 기존 온-라인 최적 알고리즘에 근접한 총가치(total reward)를 생성하면서 보다 낮은 스케줄링 복잡도를 가진 휴리스틱(heuristic) 온-라인 스케줄링 알고리즘을 제안한다. 기존 알고리즘들은 총가치를 최대화하기 위해 시스템 내의 모든 태스크들을 스케줄링 대상으로 고려한다. 따라서 이들 알고리즘들은 많은 태스크들을 가진 실제 시스템에 적용하기에는 매우 놀은 시간 복잡도를 가진다. 제안 알고리즘은 시스템 내의 모든 태스크들을 대상으로 스케줄링하는 것이 아니라, 상수 W개의 태스크들을 선택하여 이들을 대상으로 스케줄링 한다. 제안 알고리즘은 W개의 태스크를 어떤 기준에 의해 선택할 것인가를 규정하는 테스크 선택정책에 기반을 두고 있으며, 간단하면서도 직관적인 두 가지 선택정책과 이 둘을 통합한 보다 일반화된 선택정책을 제안한다. 스케줄링 대상을 축소함으로써 제안 알고리즘의 복잡도를 O(Wn)로 줄일 수 있었다. 다양한 성능실험 결과 알고리즘 평균 계산 빈도는 O(W)에 더 가깝다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.27-65
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in learning patterns according to content complexity in video-based learning environments and to derive variables that have an important effect on learning achievement within particular learning contexts. To achieve our aims, we observed and collected data on learners' cognitive processes through perceived affordances, using behavioral logs and eye movements as specific indicators. These two types of reaction data were collected from 67 male and female university students who watched two learning videos classified according to their task complexity through the video learning player. The results showed that when the content complexity level was low, learners tended to navigate using other learners' digital logs, but when it was high, students tended to control the learning process and directly generate their own logs. In addition, using derived prediction models according to the degree of content complexity level, we identified the important variables influencing learning achievement in the low content complexity group as those related to video playback and annotation. In comparison, in the high content complexity group, the important variables were related to active navigation of the learning video. This study tried not only to apply the novel variables in the field of educational technology, but also attempt to provide qualitative observations on the learning process based on a quantitative approach.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.260-266
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• 2001

The characteristic of the random-request availability is that random task arrival is included as one of system elements. If the mean number of task arrivals grows, the computational complexity for deriving the random-request availability becomes extremely high. Using a simulation method, the effect of 'random task arrival' elements on the random-request availability is investigated. Some approximation methods are also discussed.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.285-309
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• 2022

A large body of previous studies investigated mathematical tasks by analyzing the design process prior to lessons or textbooks. While researchers have revealed the significant roles of mathematical tasks within written curricular, there has been a call for studies about how mathematical tasks are implemented or what is experienced and learned by students as enacted curriculum. This article proposes a mathematical task analytic framework based on a holistic definition of tasks encompassing both written tasks and the process of task enactment. We synthesized the features of the mathematical tasks and developed a task analytic framework with multiple dimensions: breadth, depth, bridging, openness, and interaction. We also applied the scoring rubric to analyze three multiplication tasks to illustrate the framework by its five dimensions. We illustrate how a series of tasks are analyzed through the framework when students are engaged in multiplicative thinking. The framework can provide important information about the qualities of planned tasks for mathematics instruction (proactive) and the qualities of implemented tasks during instruction (reactive). This framework will be beneficial for curriculum designers to design rich tasks with more careful consideration of how each feature of the tasks would be attained and for teachers to transform mathematical tasks with the provision of meaningful learning activities into implementation.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.357-371
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• 2016

본 연구는 수학적 모델링의 과제공간을 설정하고 이를 기반으로 모델링 과제의 복잡성을 나타내는 평가척도(rating scheme)를 설계하여 예비 수학교사를 대상으로 두 가지의 실험연구 결과를 얻었다. 첫째는 종전의 문제구조를 표현한 문제공간을 발전시켜 모델링 과제에 맞는 과제공간을 설정하고, 모델링 과제의 복잡성을 수치로 나타내는 계량적인 평가척도를 설계하여 의미 있는 타당도를 확인하였다. 둘째는 모델링의 과제 복잡성에 대한 평가척도, 학생 성취수준, 과제 특수 발견 전략의 개수 사이의 일관된 패턴이 있음을 발견하였다.