• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.528-533
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• 2005

A mono-static high frequency acoustic target strength analysis scheme was developed for underwater targets, based on the far-field Kirchhoff approximation. Au adaptive triangular beam method and a concept of virtual surface were adopted for considering the effect of hidden surfaces and multiple reflections of an underwater target, respectively. A test of a simple target showed that the suggested hidden surface removal scheme is valid. Then some numerical analyses, for several underwater targets, were carried out; (1) for several simple underwater targets, like sphere, square plate, cylinder, trihedral corner reflector, and (2) for a generic submarine model, The former was exactly coincident with the theoretical results including beam patterns versus azimuth angles, and the latter suggested that multiple reflections have to be considered to estimate more accurate target strength of underwater targets.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.723-732
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• 2021

On September 25, 2015, 193 countries of the United Nations (UN) General Assembly, signed the 2030 Agenda to work towards attaining 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and its associated 169 targets and 232 indicators. With one of the largest renewable energy programs, India is well-poised to be a role model for low-carbon transformation to other Asian countries. However, bridging the financing gap is critical to ensure that the country meets its SDG targets. Though the SDGs identified by the UN are broad-based and interdependent, for ease of analysis we have grouped them into five themes - people, planet, prosperity, peace, and partnership - based on existing UN models. This paper investigates the financing gap for 'green' projects linked to planet-related SDG targets in India. It builds an argument for utilizing green bonds as an instrument to bridge the gap. After establishing the potential of green bonds in raising the finance to meet India's planet-related SDG targets, we look at the current policy landscape and suggest recommendations for successful execution. The paper concludes that deepening of the corporate fixed income securities market and firming up guidelines in line with India's climate action plans are inevitable before green bonds can be considered a viable financing option.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.718-729
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• 2022

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common primary esophageal malignancy with poor prognosis. Here, due to the necessity for exploring potential therapies against ESCC, we obtained the gene expression data on ESCC from the TCGA and GEO databases. Venn diagram analysis was applied to identify common targets. The protein-protein interaction network was constructed by Cytoscape software, and the hub targets were extracted from the network via cytoHubba. The potential hub nodes as drug targets were found by pharmacophore-based virtual screening and molecular modeling, and the antitumor activity was evaluated through in vitro studies. A total of 364 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ESCC were identified. Pathway enrichment analyses suggested that most DEGs were mainly involved in the cell cycle. Three hub targets were retrieved, including CENPF, CCNA2 (cyclin A), and CCNB1 (cyclin B1), which were highly expressed in esophageal cancer and associated with prognosis. Moreover, amentoflavone, a promising drug candidate found by pharmacophore-based virtual screening, showed antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects and induced G1 in esophageal squamous carcinoma cells. Taken together, our findings suggested that amentoflavone could be a potential cell cycle inhibitor targeting cyclin B1, and is therefore expected to serve as a great therapeutic agent for treating esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2023

When tracking small UAVs and drone targets in cloud clutter environments, MWIR sensors are often unable to track targets continuously. To overcome this problem, the SWIR sensor is mounted on the same gimbal. Target tracking uses sensor information fusion or selectively applies information from each sensor. In this case, parallax correction using the target distance is often used. However, it is difficult to apply the existing method to small UAVs and drone targets because the laser rangefinder's beam divergence angle is small, making it difficult to measure the distance. We propose a tracking method which needs not parallax correction of sensors. In the method, images from MWIR and SWIR sensors are captured simultaneously and a tracking error for gimbal driving is chosen by effectiveness measure. In order to prove the method, tracking performance was demonstrated for UAVs and drone targets in the real sky background using MWIR and SWIR image sensors.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2008

This paper describes on the consolidation of AIS and ARPA radar positions by comparing the AIS and ARPA radar information for the tracked ship targets using a PC-based ECDIS in Busan harbor, Korea. The information of AIS and ARPA radar target was acquired independently, and the tracking parameters such as ship's position, COG, SOG, gyro heading, rate of turn, CPA, TCPA, ship s name and MMSI etc. were displayed automatically on the chart of a PC-based ECDIS with radar overlay and ARPA tracking. The ARPA tracking information obtained from the observed radar images of the target ship was compared with the AIS information received from the same vessel to investigate the difference in the position and movement behavior between AIS and ARPA tracked target ships. For the ARPA radar and AIS targets to be consolidated, the differences in range, speed, course, bearing and distance between their targets were estimated to obtain a clear standards for the consolidation of ARPA radar and AIS targets. The average differences between their ranges, their speeds and their courses were 2.06% of the average range, -0.11 knots with the averaged SOG of 11.62 knots, and $0.02^{\circ}$ with the averaged COG of $37.2^{\circ}$, respectively. The average differences between their bearings and between their positions were $-1.29^{\circ}$ and 68.8m, respectively. From these results, we concluded that if the ROT, COG, SOG, and HDG informations are correct, the AIS system can be improved the prediction of a target ship's path and the OOW(Officer of Watch) s ability to anticipate a traffic situation more accurately.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.560-570
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 지상 이동 표적의 SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) 영상 형성 과정에서 표적의 움직임에 의해 발생하는 SAR 영상의 왜곡 현상을 보상하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 일반적인 SAR 영상 형성 알고리즘은 고정 표적과 레이다 플랫폼 사이의 거리 변화를 보상함으로써 왜곡 없는 SAR 영상을 형성하지만, 이동 표적의 경우, 표적의 움직임에 의해 야기된 추가적인 거리 변화가 왜곡된 SAR 영상을 형성한다. 본 논문에서는 지상 이동 표적의 기하학적 위치 및 움직임이 SAR 영상에 야기하는 왜곡 현상을 분석하고, SAR-ATI(SAR-Along-Trck Interferometry)와 위상 정렬 기법을 이용해 기 왜곡 현상을 야기하는 표적의 모든 변수들을 추정하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 최종적으로 본 논문에서는 잡음이 존재하는 환경에서 모의시험을 수행해 제안된 기법의 효용성을 증명한다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.659-666
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• 2009

탑재체에 따른 위성의 임무가 다양하듯이, 적합한 검보정(Calibration & Validation)을 위한 작업은 탑재체에 따라 특정적인 요소를 가진다. SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar) 위성의 경우에는 전파를 사용하여 물체를 인식하므로, 검보정을 위해서 특정한 형태로 전파를 반사하는 목표물을 지상에 설치하여야 한다. 또한 이 목표물은 설계된 위성궤도에서 지상목표물을 획득할 수 있도록 하여야한다. 상기의 목적을 달성하기 위해서는 우선적으로 검보정을 위한 사이트를 면밀히 분석하여야 한다. 여기에서는 상대방사보정(Relative Radiometric Calibration)과 절대방사 보정(Absolute Radiometric Calibration) 중에서 후자를 위한 반사기의 점표적 설치를 위해 적합한 검보정 사이트에 대한 고찰을 하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.68-73
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• 2005

Various techniques have been proposed for detection and tracking of targets in order to develop a real-world computer vision system, e.g., visual surveillance systems, intelligent transport systems (ITSs), and so forth. Especially, the idea of distributed vision system is required to realize these techniques in a wide-spread area. In this paper, we develop a ubiquitous vision system for location-awareness of multiple targets. Here, each vision sensor that the system is composed of can perform exact segmentation for a target by color and motion information, and visual tracking for multiple targets in real-time. We construct the ubiquitous vision system as the multiagent system by regarding each vision sensor as the agent (the vision agent). Therefore, we solve matching problem for the identity of a target as handover by protocol-based approach. We propose the identified contract net (ICN) protocol for the approach. The ICN protocol not only is independent of the number of vision agents but also doesn't need calibration between vision agents. Therefore, the ICN protocol raises speed, scalability, and modularity of the system. We adapt the ICN protocol in our ubiquitous vision system that we construct in order to make an experiment. Our ubiquitous vision system shows us reliable results and the ICN protocol is successfully operated through several experiments.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.806-813
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• 2015

차량용 레이더(automotive radar)는 크기, 무게, 비용 등의 문제로 적은 수의 수신 채널을 가진 안테나를 사용한다. 이때, 스펙트럼 추정 기법 중 하나인 relaxation(RELAX) 기법을 이용하면, 표적의 방위각뿐만 아니라, 빔 내에 존재하는 표적의 개수 추정 또한, 가능하다. 하지만, 차량용 레이더의 적은 수신 채널 개수로 인하여, 정밀하지 않은 각도 영역에서의 스펙트럼 추정이 이루어지며, 이는 부정확한 방위각 추정 성능을 야기한다. 이를 개선하기 위해 본 논문에서는 minimum length description(MDL) 기준을 통한 표적 개수의 추정과 결부한 root-multiple signal classification(root-MUSIC) 기법을 이용하여 표적의 정확한 방위각을 추정하도록 제안한다. 시뮬레이션에서는 세 점 표적들이 안테나 빔 내에 존재할 때, 제안한 방법이 더 나은 방위각 추정 결과를 도출할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2010

본 연구는 시간차방식(TOF: Time of flight)과 근적외선 파장대역(760-3000nm)을 사용하는 지상라이다를 이용해서 다양한 사용자 타깃에 대해 반사도와 거리정확도를 테스트하였다. 특별히 사용자 타깃에 대한 측점군의 반사도는 실내에서 독일 Gretag Macbeth사의 i1 분광광도계로 측정되었다. 그리고 지상라이다의 성능 평가를 위해 정밀 EDM 검기선장에서 지상라이다를 이용해서 타깃을 스캐닝 하여 기준표석간 이격거리를 측정하여 표준거리와 비교하였다. 테스트 결과로서, 약 10m 와 170m 기준표석간 이격거리에 설치된 흰색 수지 타깃을 제외하고, 실험에 이용된 다른 타깃들의 거리측정값은 기준거리와 수 mm 정확도 차이를 보였다. 향후 대기보정, 장비보정, 부가상수와 같이 거리정확도에 영향을 미치는 변수들에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료 된다.